| 1. Title: [Internal migration trends in Togo: 1960-1981. Estimation using the residual method] Tendances de la migration interne au Togo -- 1960-1981. Estimation a partir de la methode residuelle. Author: Duquette-Ahado MT Source: In: Migrations Togolaises, bilan et perspectives, [edited by] Emile Lebris, Guy Pontie, Andre Quesnel, Joel Gregory, M-Therese Duquette-Ahado, Kokou Vignikin. Lome, Togo, Universite du Benin, Unite de Recherche Demographique, 1986. :347-60. Abstract: The residual method was used to determine migratory flows in different regions of Togo from 1960-81 based on data from the 3 national census in 1960, 1970 and 1981. Use of the residual method to estimate net migration from census data requires population totals by age and sex for each zone from successive censuses, along with survival coefficients. International migration must also be negligible for the period, a questionable assumption for Togo. Population totals from the 1960 census are available in age groups for urban centers but only in age pyramids for rural zones. The 1960 census required 2 years for completion, so great care must be exercised in interpreting the results. Togo was divided into 4 administrative regions in 1960 but the number was increased to 5 in 1970, and by 1980 there had been further modifications. 1970 data are presented by age group and circumscription and those of 1981 by age group and prefecture. To provide the survival data, a single mortality estimate was applied to each region for the 2 decades, which in view of the significant mortality decline since 1960 may lead to an underestimate of migration. And since the data source was the census, the results may also have been influenced by omission, incorrect age declaration, and the other errors. The Maritime region excluding Lome appears to have had the greatest decline in migration between 1960-81, but an overestimate in 1960 cannot be ruled out. The Plateau and Savannah regions have had relatively stable rates of migration for the entire period. Kara appears to have been a region of departure, while the Central region attracted migrants. Lome has grown by about 6% per year, about 3% of it due to natural increase and the rest to migration. Most migrants in all regions are between 20 and 30 years old. Except in the Central region, the net migration rate is only positive in this age group. It is probable, however, that faulty age declaration accounts for part of the age structure of migrants, since no region is found to have the deficit of persons aged 20-30 implied by this age pattern of migration. In all regions except Lome there is a greater volume of female than male migration between the ages of 20 and 30 and of male migration thereafter. Female migration reaches a higher peak than male, but ends more abruptly while male migration rates decline more slowly with age. Here again, faulty age declaration may inflate the estimate of female migration. There have been variations in the volume of migration but the age groups affected do not seem to have changed. Application of the residual method confirms tendencies and trends already identified by other methods but does not provide any surprising new findings. It also leaves unanswered many questions about the origin and nature of migratory patterns. Language: French Keywords: TOGO | MIGRANTS | INTERNAL MIGRATION | MIGRATION | DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | POPULATION DYNAMICS | ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS | GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS | POPULATION DISTRIBUTION | AGE FACTORS | SEX FACTORS | POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS | POPULATION | INDIRECT ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES | ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES | DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS | DATA ANALYSIS | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY | CENSUS | SURVEYS | POPULATION STATISTICS | DATA SOURCES | DATA COLLECTION | INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION | CENSUS METHODS | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Sampling Studies | Studies Document Number: 047349 |
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