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Title: [Unmet contraception needs in Brazil] Necessidade insatisfeita por metodos anticoncepcionais no Brasil.
Author: Tavares LS; Leite ID; Telles FS
Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia. 2007 Jun;10(2):139-148.
Abstract: In Brazil the prevalence of use of contraceptives is high and the total fertility rate is almost at the replacement level. However, there still is a significant proportion of unwanted pregnancies, induced abortions, and women who do not want any more children, or those who want to postpone childbearing, but are not using any conceptive method, that is, women with an unmet contraceptive need. The objective of this study is to describe the magnitude of the unmet contraceptive needs among Brazilian married women, as well as to identify the factors associated with this need. The information used is from the National Demographics and Health Survey carried out in Brazil in 1996. In order to identify the determinants associated with the unmet contraceptive needs, a multinomial model was used, with the outcome variable classified into three categories: need for spacing births, need for limiting births, and no need. The analysis conducted along with this work showed a strong association between factors related to the life cycle (age and number of children) and unmet contraception needs. In relation to socioeconomic factors, the high likelihood of unmet contraceptive needs among women from the Northeast region stands out. It has also been shown that women with a higher educational level are less prone to have an unmet need for limiting births. The analysis points out the need of an appropriate and universal program for family planning services to assure full support to women's health.
Language: Portuguese
Keywords:
BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE | WOMEN | CURRENTLY MARRIED | FERTILITY RATE | ZERO POPULATION GROWTH | REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR | NEEDS | WOMEN'S HEALTH | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | Developing Countries | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Family Planning | Demographic Factors | Population | Marital Status | Nuptiality | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Population Size | Economic Factors | Health
Document Number: 324941

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Title: Convergence of a discrete-time age-structured population toward a given steady state through controlled immigration.
Author: Xu L; Zhang Q; Xiao X
Source: Mathematical Population Studies. 2007 Jul;14(3):192-201.
Abstract: To explore the concept of stability in an age-structured population with migration, a Markov transition matrix model is built, where age classes can be of different length, and the time step is not necessarily equal to the length of the age class. The conditions under which a vector of the model has a steady population structure are identified, as well as those under which the age structure converges to a given steady state, through a series of decisions or controls of letting immigrants in or forbidding them entry into the country. The decisions are expressed as vectors of proportions of immigrants. In the steady state, when the increment of population is proportional to its size, the age- or stage-structure remains unchanged between transitions. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
CHINA | RESEARCH REPORT | THEORETICAL MODELS | POPULATION | POPULATION STABILIZATION | POPULATION CONTROL | IMMIGRANTS | AGE DISTRIBUTION | POPULATION POLICY | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Social Policy | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Migrants | Migration | Age Factors | Population Characteristics
Document Number: 318927

Title: Migration-fertility trade-off and aging in stable populations.
Author: Alho JM
Source: [Unpublished] 2006. Presented at the 2006 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America, Los Angeles, California, March 30 - April 1, 2006. 22 p.
Abstract: Fertility is below replacement level in all European countries, and population growth is expected to turn into decline in the coming decades. Increasing life expectancy will accentuate the concomitant aging. Migration has been seen as a possible means to decelerate aging. We introduce a stable open population model in which net-migration is proportional to births. In this case the migration-fertility trade-off can be studied with particular ease. We show that while migration can increase the growth rate, which tends to make the age-distribution younger, it also has an opposite effect due to its typical age pattern. We capture the effect of the age-pattern of net-migration in a migration survivor function. The effect of net-migration on growth is quantified with data from 17 European countries. It is shown that some countries already have a level of migration that will lead to stationarity. For other countries with asymptotically declining population migration still provides opportunities for slowing down aging. An extension for assessing the proportion foreign-born is given. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
EUROPE | RESEARCH REPORT | THEORETICAL MODELS | MIGRATION | FERTILITY | DEMOGRAPHIC AGING | STATIONARY POPULATION | AGE DISTRIBUTION | LIFE EXPECTANCY | DEPENDENCY BURDEN | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Size | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Length of Life | Mortality | Microeconomic Factors | Economic Factors
Document Number: 318882

4.
Peer Reviewed

Title: China's future population: predictions and prospects.
Author: Men K; Guan L; Jia L
Source: Population Review. 2005;44(1):[10] p..
Abstract: Based on the 1949 � 2004 statistics, models of grey increment and grey growth rate are used to predict the population of China up to the year 2050. Evidence shows that at the end of 2005, 2010, 2020, 2030, 2040 and 2050 the total population will reach 1.3068, 1.336, 1.372, 1.391, 1.401 and 1.406 billion, respectively. In the last decade the annual increase is predicted to be less than 460,000 people, showing an almost zero growth. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
CHINA | RESEARCH REPORT | ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES | POPULATION GROWTH | POPULATION FORECAST | ZERO POPULATION GROWTH | Developing Countries | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Research Methodology | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Size
Document Number: 292526

5.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Strategic options for population stabilization in Madhya Pradesh.
Author: Ranjan A
Source: Journal of Family Welfare. 2005 Dec;51(2):60-75.
Abstract: Madhya Pradesh is one of those states of India which have recently evolved and adopted its own population policy to address population related issues specific to the state. The Madhya Pradesh Population Policy aims at achieving the goal of a total fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman by the year 2011. The Policy stipulates that in order to reach the total fertility rate goal, the contraceptive prevalence rate should increase to 65 per cent while the infant mortality rate must come down to 62 infant deaths per 1000 live births and the maternal mortality ratio should be reduced to around 220 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births by the year 2011. Obviously, a massive social transformation in terms of changes in the prevailing social norms, family formation patterns and reproduction related behaviour including delay in the age at first birth and adoption of small family norm is required to achieve these goals and objectives. This is a challenging task as the social and economic advancement such as universalisation of education, a radical change in the structure of employment, modernization of agriculture, status of woman in the society, etc. The prevailing social, cultural and economic scenario of the state, however, does not provide a conducive environment for processes of change in family formation patterns and reproductive behaviour. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS | CRITIQUE | POPULATION POLICY | GOALS | IMPLEMENTATION | POPULATION STABILIZATION | TOTAL FERTILITY RATE | FERTILITY DETERMINANTS | FERTILITY PREFERENCES | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Geographic Factors | Population | Social Policy | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Planning | Organization and Administration | Programs | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Family Planning | Economic Factors
Document Number: 305306

6.
Title: The human ecology of world systems in East Africa: the impact of the ivory trade.
Author: Hakansson NT
Source: Human Ecology. 2004 Oct;32(5):561-591.
Abstract: The impact on human ecology of the ivory trade entailed direct and indirect effects. First, the reduction or extermination of elephant populations had direct effects on the vegetation patterns over large areas. Second, the economic activities connected with hunting, transport, and trading affected regional systems of exchange and thereby, indirectly through the political economy, settlements, patterns of resource utilization, population parameters, and specialization of production. Ethnohistorical information from the 1800s suggests how coastal goods interacted with regional systems of exchange and environmental exploitation. Although such information cannot be directly projected onto the more distant past, it can be used to establish some possible pathways through which the hunting of elephants and transportation and trade of ivory could have affected the ecology of human resource use. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
AFRICA, EASTERN | HISTORICAL REVIEW | NOMADS | RURAL POPULATION | STATIONARY POPULATION | COMMERCE | ANIMALS | LAND AND RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT | HUMAN RESOURCES | ECOLOGY | ECONOMIC FACTORS | OCCUPATIONS | Developing Countries | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Characteristics | Population Size | Macroeconomic Factors | Natural Resources | Environment | Rural Development
Document Number: 281576

7.
Title: Towards population stabilisation: a perspective on communication and development.
Author: Jagatdeb L
Source: Health for the Millions. 2004 Aug-Nov;:64-66.
Abstract: Ever since attaining independence, India has embarked upon planned social and economic development programmes, of which population stabilization is an important component. Based on the basic premise that stabilizing population is a fundamental requirement for promoting sustainable development with more equitable distribution, India's population programme has adopted different strategies and action plans over the years. In 1952, India launched a national programme emphasizing family planning to the extent necessary for reducing birth rates i.e. to stabilize the population level consistent with the requirement of national economy. The programme was renamed to Family Welfare Programme in 1977 after it was integrated with Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services. Subsequently the base of Family Welfare Programme was further broadened, and its content was enriched with a more holistic approach of Reproductive and Child Health (RCH), of which family planning is a part. Communication has been an integral part of India's population programme. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | CRITIQUE | POPULATION STABILIZATION | COMMUNICATION STRATEGY | DEVELOPMENT PLANNING | POPULATION POLICY | IEC | SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT | ADVOCACY | INEQUALITIES | MESSAGE DEVELOPMENT | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Communication | Economic Factors | Social Policy | Policy | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Economic Development | Socioeconomic Factors
Document Number: 280715

8.
Title: Population stabilization: the case against coercion.
Author: Kumar AK
Source: Health for the Millions. 2004 Aug-Nov;:24-28.
Abstract: The Indian press and media have once again drawn attention to the urgent need for stabilizing India's population. That this should happen in the current context of the unnecessary controversy generated by the Census of India 2001 report giving religious totals is unfortunate. Also, it is equally disturbing that certain groups are calling for strict 'population control� measures, the imposition of a compulsory one-child or two-child norm, and the use of penalties and disincentives to forcibly restrict family size. It is even more disconcerting to find that a recent policy note from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare outlines, as its strategy, monetary incentives and other measures for stepping up, over the next four years, the number of sterilization cases from around 18 Iakhs to 50 Iakhs a year in five high-fertility states. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | CRITIQUE | POPULATION STABILIZATION | INVOLUNTARY FERTILITY CONTROL | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | POVERTY | HUMAN RIGHTS | POPULATION POLICY | FERTILITY RATE | CHILD SURVIVAL | STERILIZATION, SEXUAL | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Planning Policy | Social Policy | Policy | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Survivorship | Length of Life | Mortality | Family Planning
Document Number: 280711

9.
Title: Estimation of life expectancies at older ages under destabilized populations with application to some developed and less developed countries.
Author: Lahiri S
Source: [Unpublished] 2004. Prepared for the 26th Annual Conference of the Indian Association for the Study of Population [IASP], Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, February 9-11, 2004. [7] p.
Abstract: Among the methodological investigations carried out in estimating life expectancies at older ages beyond age 70, the techniques developed by Horiuchi and Coale (1980), Mitra (1984) an Lahiri (1990) are worth noting. It may be noted that all the techniques referred above are based on the assumption of sectional stability at older ages (age 65 and above). Because of considerable increase in public health awareness and remarkable development in medical sciences during the later half of the twentieth century, particularly during the last three decades, the overall longevity including that at older ages has also increased considerably worldwide including in many less developed countries. As a result age-specific growth at older ages have also increased considerably over time in various developed and less developed countries, hence the assumption of approximate stability may not be tenable in such countries. Thus, an attempt has been made in this paper to develop a technique for estimating life expectancies at older ages in a destable population following Generalized Population Model (GPM) of age-structure applicable to any population (Bennett and Horiuchi, 1980; and Preston, et. al., 1982). (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | THEORETICAL STUDIES | ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES | MATHEMATICAL MODEL | OLDER ADULTS | LIFE EXPECTANCY | POPULATION STABILIZATION | AGE DISTRIBUTION CHANGES | MORTALITY | AGE SPECIFIC DEATH RATE | Research Methodology | Theoretical Models | Adults | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Length of Life | Population Dynamics | Population Size | Age Distribution | Death Rate
Document Number: 284289

10.
Peer Reviewed

Title: James Mill on the growth and limitation of population.
Author: Mill J
Source: Population and Development Review. 2004 Sep;30(3):531-536.
Abstract: The brief passages reproduced below from James Mill's 1821 work, Elements of Political Economy, present an early analysis of total and net fecundity, a discussion of the scope and limits of government influence on fertility, and a reflection on the goal of a stationary population. In his preface Mill describes the Elements as "a school-book in political economy "-it was in fact based on the lessons he gave to his then barely teenaged son-and he disavows any claim to originality. Moreover, the chapter on wages, from which the excerpts come, has been generally disdained because of its espousal of the discredited wage-fund theory of wage determination. But Mill's treatment of population is as fresh and stimulating as it is concise. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | CRITIQUE | POPULATION GROWTH | ECONOMICS | FECUNDITY | POVERTY | CAPITAL | STATIONARY POPULATION | BIRTH LIMITING | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Social Sciences | Reproduction | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Macroeconomic Factors | Population Size | Family Planning
Document Number: 276974

11.
Title: Governance for population stabilization in India: need for a paradigm shift.
Author: Nanda AR
Source: Health for the Millions. 2004 Aug-Nov;:20-22.
Abstract: The population issue has mostly been perceived as a demographic or numerical concern of the elites rather than a genuine concern of the individual or the family particularly of the poor and the marginalized. This neo-Malthusian mind set has by and large pervaded the planners, policy makers, administrators, elitist scholars and the rich and upper middle class of citizenry. It has been, to quote Amartya Sen, one of 'authoritarianism' rather than 'cooperation'. A balanced non-judgmental two-way linkage between population stabilization and sustainable development laced with crosscutting perspectives of human rights and dignity as well as gender equality, equity and justice, constituted the basic perception of Mahatma Gandhi, when he countered the arguments of the exponents of international birth control movement trying to make India an arena for their experimentation in the 1920s and 30s. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | HISTORICAL REVIEW | POLICYMAKERS | POPULATION STABILIZATION | INVOLUNTARY FERTILITY CONTROL | GOALS | FAMILY PLANNING POLICY | MALTHUSIANISM | STERILIZATION, SEXUAL | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | INCENTIVES | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Policy | Social Policy | Policy | Planning | Family Planning | Population Theory | Demography | Social Sciences | Programs
Document Number: 280707

12.
Title: World population, agriculture, and malnutrition.
Author: Pimentel D; Wilson A
Source: World Watch. 2004 Sep-Oct;:22-25.
Abstract: Entering the new millennium, stark contrasts are apparent between the availability of natural resources and the demands of billions of humans who require them for their survival. According to the Population Reference Bureau, each day almost a quarter-million people are added to the roughly 6.4 billion who already exist. Yet the stocks of natural resources that support human life--food, fresh water, quality soil, energy, and biodiversity--are being polluted, degraded, and depleted. Global population has doubled during the last 45 years. If the present growth rate of 1.3 percent per year persists, the population will double again within a mere 50 years. Growth rates vary from one country or region to another. For example, China's present population of 1.4 billion, despite the governmental policy of permitting only one child per couple, is still growing at an annual rate of 0.6 percent. Although China recognizes its serious overpopulation problem and recently passed legislation strengthening the policy, its young age structure means that the number of Chinese will continue to increase for another 50 years. India, with nearly 1.1 billion people (living on approximately one- third the land of either of the United States or China), has a current population growth rate of 1.7 percent per year. This translates to a doubling time of 41 years. Taken together, the populations of China and India constitute more than one-third of the total world population. In Africa, despite the AIDS epidemic, the populations of most countries also are expanding. The populations of Chad and Ethiopia, for example, are projected to double in 21 and 23 years, respectively. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | POPULATION | AGRICULTURE | MALNUTRITION | FOOD SUPPLY | AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT | PRODUCTIVITY | POPULATION STABILIZATION | LAND SUPPLY | WATER SUPPLY | ENERGY SUPPLY | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Nutrition Disorders | Diseases | Natural Resources | Environment | Rural Development | Economic Development | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors
Document Number: 285091

13.
Title: Low fertility and sustainability.
Author: Riche MF
Source: World Watch. 2004 Sep-Oct;:50-54.
Abstract: Motivation to stabilize population can be undermined by excessive worry that smaller numbers of young people will be supporting larger numbers of the elderly. But prevailing patterns of behavior and resource allocation can be changed in ways that reduce pensioner/worker ratios and make population stabilization more politically viable. Until a few years ago, environmentalists led the call for "population control" in the cause of sustainability. Their ideas about limiting fertility so enraged global women's advocates that population didn't even make the agenda at the 1992 Rio conference on the environment. When the United States developed a new, consensus-based position for the International Conference on Population and Development, held in Cairo in 1994, many environmentalists contested the new focus on helping women around the world have as many or as few children as they wanted. When I explained the "Cairo Consensus" at a town meeting in San Antonio, Texas, one man responded, "For the next 20 years no women should be allowed to have children, and only one in 20 should be allowed to have one child for the following 20 years!" (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES | CRITIQUE | DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS | LOW FERTILITY POPULATION | SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT | RESOURCE ALLOCATION | DEMOGRAPHIC AGING | FERTILITY DETERMINANTS | NATIONAL SECURITY | POPULATION STABILIZATION | POPULATION DECREASE | SOCIAL POLICY | Research Methodology | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Financial Activities | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Population Size | Policy
Document Number: 285107

14.
Title: Interview: Mr. P.K. Hota, Secy., Ministry of Family Welfare, on population issues and policy concerns.
Author: Shiva M
Source: Health for the Millions. 2004 Aug-Nov;:7-9.
Abstract: What do you think about Population Stabilization? I will not give a direct answer. I have to give an indirect answer. China has a population of 130 crores and India has a population of 105 crores (rounded figures). Last year we produced 25 million babies approximately and China produced 10 million. Like the September 1 1 incident, graphically presented as 9/11, l see this as a 70/25 disquiet. While we can go on discussing a properly right based sensitive, practical, equity oriented, population stabilization issues related set of actions, let us unhesitantly say that, whatever we have done in the past, for one reason or the other, has landed us in the situation, where we are today. It is not a blame game. In certain parts of India, we have successful population stabilization, and in certain parts of India, the population issue threatens the national development fabric. These states of India are themselves suffering. In 2004 to have figures like MMR 700, IMR 85 in some states, and Total Fertility Rate of 4, shows the complete breakdown of the purpose. It is a total breakdown of appreciation of the task of this sector. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | INDIA | CRITIQUE | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | POPULATION | POPULATION STABILIZATION | POPULATION POLICY | TOTAL FERTILITY RATE | TARGET POPULATION | Asia, Southern | Asia | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Social Policy | Policy | Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Program Design | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 280697

15.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Provision of family planning services in Lesotho.
Author: Tuoane M; Madise NJ; Diamond I
Source: International Family Planning Perspectives. 2004 Jun;30(2):77-86.
Abstract: One of Lesotho's population goals is to achieve replacement-level fertility by 2011, but the contraceptive prevalence rate of 41% is considerably below the target of 70-75%. A situation analysis framework was used to assess family planning providers' readiness to provide services and women's perceptions of service delivery. Data were collected in 1997-1998 through surveys of 38 service delivery points and 52 providers, and focus group discussions with 50 women. Most facilities were open five days a week, during working hours; closure during lunchtime and on weekends restricted access by employed people. There were no clear guidelines on the provision of family planning methods, and providers created their own rules and restrictions. Some women were discouraged by provider bias, lack of visual privacy and recurrent shortages of their preferred brand of pills. Although the government had a uniform pricing policy for contraceptive methods, costs varied and generally were higher in rural than in urban areas. In rural areas, transportation costs increased the overall cost of using family planning methods. Expanding women's access to service sites, developing guidelines for family planning providers and ensuring that standard prices are adopted should be government priorities if contraceptive prevalence is to increase. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
LESOTHO | RESEARCH REPORT | CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE | ZERO POPULATION GROWTH | FAMILY PLANNING CENTERS | CLINICAL DISTRIBUTION | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Family Planning | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Health Facilities | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Program Evaluation
Document Number: 194268

16.
Title: Closing family planning gap is global priority.
Source: POPLINE. 2003 Sep-Oct;25:4.
Abstract: The world's �principal threats are environmental, not military,� says Earth Policy Institute President Lester R. Brown, who asserts, �If we cannot stabilize population and if we cannot stabilize climate, there is not an ecosystem on earth we can save.� Closing �'the family planning gap may the most urgent item on the global agenda,� Brown says in his recently published book, entitled �Plan B - Rescuing a Planet under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble,� adding: �The benefits are enormous and the costs are minimal.� Slowing population growth is �the key eradicating poverty and its distressing symptoms,� and, conversely, eradicating poverty is the key to slowing down population growth, he says. �With time running out, the urgency of moving simultaneously on both fronts seems clear,� he maintains. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | RECOMMENDATIONS | POPULATION | FAMILY PLANNING POLICY | POPULATION STABILIZATION | CLIMATE | GLOBAL WARMING | ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY | FAMILY SIZE, IDEAL | POPULATION POLICY | COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS | Family Planning | Social Policy | Policy | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Environment | Family Size | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Quantitative Evaluation
Document Number: 185759

18.

Title: World population in 2003. Tables. B.
Author: United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division
Source: [Unpublished] 2003. [70] p. (ESA/P/WP.187)
Abstract: This document contains charts examining population growth throughout the next 300 years. A few examples of the charts are: countries accounting for 75% of the world population in 2000, 2050, 2100, 2200, and 2300; population by country according to the medium scenario, 2000, 2050, 2100, 2200, and 2300, maximum population and year in which the maximum is reached; population by country according to the zero-growth scenario, 2000, 250, 2100, 2200, 2300, maximum population and year in which the maximum is reached.
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | TABLES AND CHARTS | POPULATION STATISTICS | POPULATION GROWTH | ZERO POPULATION GROWTH | TOTAL FERTILITY RATE | LIFE EXPECTANCY | AGE FACTORS | OLDER ADULTS | Research Methodology | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Size | Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Length of Life | Mortality | Population Characteristics | Adults
Document Number: 189539

19.
Title: Fornos says curbing growth is challenge for 'our generation'.
Author: Burdett H
Source: POPLINE. 2003 May-Jun;25:1, 2.
Abstract: "If we are serious about a more equitable balance between population, environment and resources," Fornos said, " the industrialized world must commit itself to the provision of the necessary population assistance to the developing world." He stressed that solving the problem of rapid population growth is "a burden sharing exercise, with all of us - governments, multilateral agencies, the private sector, non-governmental organizations - working together for the common goal of improving the human condition." Fornos pointed out that throughout the world forests are declining, topsoil is eroding, deserts are expanding, temperatures are rising, and there remains the constant threat of unprecedented food and water shortages. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | DEVELOPED COUNTRIES | UN | AWARDS | POPULATION GROWTH | POPULATION PROJECTION | POPULATION STABILIZATION | GOALS | NATURAL RESOURCES | RESOURCE ALLOCATION | ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | International Agencies | Organizations | Incentives | Policy | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Estimation Techniques | Research Methodology | Population Size | Planning | Organization and Administration | Environment | Financial Activities | Economic Factors | Diseases
Document Number: 180867

20.

Title: A path for balanced population growth?
Author: Carty WP
Source: Washington, D.C., Population Reference Bureau [PRB], 2003 Apr. [2] p.
Abstract: Whatever happened to the Latin American population explosion? In 1968, U.S. biologist Paul Ehrlich published The Population Bomb, which predicted overpopulation and famine in the developing world and helped spread realization of an impending population explosion. Is it alive and well � or has it been tamed? This is a natural question to ask, given the length of time that has passed since the issue was a newsmaker and source of controversy in the Americas during the 1960s and 1970s. A fair answer would be that population growth has modified somewhat but nevertheless remains substantial. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) doubled its population to 322 million from 1950 to 1975 and will double it again by 2015, the latter a somewhat longer period but with greater numerical growth. And by 2050, the region's population is projected by the United Nations to be anywhere from 657 million to 975 million, significant growth by any standard. In terms of world population growth, Latin America and the Caribbean stand in the middle of the demographic picture. LAC growth outstrips its northern neighbors, the United States and Canada, and is expected to have roughly twice North America's population by 2050. In 1950, the two Western Hemisphere regions had about the same population. For the 2000-2050 period, by way of contrast, the southern European population is projected to decline, with Italy and Spain being the most conspicuous losers. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
LATIN AMERICA | CARIBBEAN | CRITIQUE | POPULATION GROWTH | POPULATION POLICY | POPULATION STABILIZATION | FERTILITY RATE | Developing Countries | Americas | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Social Policy | Policy | Population Size | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility
Document Number: 275246

21.
Title: Population movement and HIV / AIDS: the case of Ruili, Yunnan, China.
Author: du Guerny J; Hsu LN; Hong C
Source: Bangkok, Thailand, United Nations Development Programme [UNDP], South East Asia HIV and Development Programme, 2003 Aug. iv, 19 p.
Abstract: The following are some key considerations for this paper: i) Instead of focusing on analyzing the traditional "high risk groups" (drug users, youth, sex workers, etc.) this paper examines movements of people and their possible implications on HIV prevention policies and programmes; ii) Identifying mobility patterns does not imply blaming mobile people for the HIV epidemic. Because population movement patterns are mostly determined by difference in levels of economic development between sending and receiving areas; and iii) The goal of this evaluation is to identify policy and programme instruments which can reduce development induced vulnerabilities and increase resilience. It does not propose alternatives to traditional preventative activities for high-risk groups. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
CHINA | MYANMAR | EVALUATION REPORT | MIGRANT WORKERS | SEX WORKERS | STABLE POPULATION | TRAVELERS | HIV PREVENTION | AIDS | POPULATION DYNAMICS | TURNAROUND MIGRATION | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | Developing Countries | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Asia, Southeastern | Evaluation | Labor Force | Human Resources | Economic Factors | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Population Size | Demographic Factors | Population | Travel and Tourism | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Internal Migration | Migration
Document Number: 186426

22.
Title: U.N. Population. In population: proud achievements and challenges ahead.
Author: Fornos W
Source: Population 2005: News and views on further implementation of Cairo Program of Action. 2003 Sep;5(3):4-6.
Abstract: I further dedicate this award to those men and women who are active today in the population field - including, of course, those serving at the grass roots level in outstanding organizations throughout the world, such as the Family Planning Association of Kenya, this year's institutional winner -- as well as to those who will follow in our toot- steps. They need not be reminded that a few rays of light shining in does not mean that we have reached the end of the tunnel, While the current generation of leadership in the population field has focused on helping couples to have only the family size they want, the next generation must tackle issues growing in their enormity and importance -- issues including aging, migration, urbanization, and deadly diseases, The recent announcement by the United Nations Population Division that world population may now stabilize at 8.9 billion is welcome news. The projection attests to the fact that we know what works. It attests to the fact that where and when couples the world over have access to the necessary information, means, and methods to control their fertility, they are motivated to have smaller families. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | GLOBAL | PHILOSOPHICAL OVERVIEW | CRITIQUE | POPULATION PROGRAM SPECIALISTS | POPULATION STABILIZATION | POPULATION CONTROL | UN | GOALS | AWARDS | Population Programs | Population Policy | Social Policy | Policy | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | International Agencies | Organizations | Planning | Organization and Administration | Incentives
Document Number: 185893

23.
Title: Alternative strategies to achieve replacement level fertility in Jharkhand.
Author: Gupta YP; Swain P
Source: New Delhi, India, CARE-India, [2003]. [14] p.
Abstract: How to achieve the desired CPR to achieve TFR of 2.1 ? Introduction of new methods such as injectable contraceptive through private medical practitioners (as implemented by PSI in Rajasthan with USAID assistance). Treatment of women for RTIs/STIs for increasing acceptance and continuation of IUCD. This will also reduce transmission of HIV infection. Skill training of ANMs in CuT insertion, as done by SIFPSA in UP. Promote condom use for dual protection. Promote parity specific method mix of contraceptives. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | THEORETICAL STUDIES | COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND PROGRAMMING | THEORETICAL MODELS | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS | PARITY | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS CHOSEN | ZERO POPULATION GROWTH | TOTAL FERTILITY RATE | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Information Processing | Information | Research Methodology | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Population Size | Fertility Rate | Birth Rate
Document Number: 181304

24.

25.

Title: Egypt population projections, 2000 - 2017.
Author: Futures Group International. POLICY Project
Source: Washington, D.C., Futures Group International, POLICY Project, 2002 May. [58] p. (USAID Contract No. HRN-C-00-00-00006-00)
Abstract: Egyptian policy makers and researchers have always shown an interest in population projections. They are concerned with changes in the size and characteristics of the future population and the implications that these characteristics would have on the social, economic and health situation of the population. The amount of demographic data from censuses, demographic and health surveys and relevant research is growing and improving in quality which makes the process of developing local population projections for Egypt possible and essential. The purpose of this report is to provide population projections for Egypt using local statistics, in an effort to help quantify the magnitude of services that will be needed in the future. It will also provide some guidance to family planning program policy makers and managers to be able to better plan in the long run. This report will be updated whenever new data is made available. Population projections are useful for a variety of purposes, most commonly as a basis for planning. Assessing a nation�s requirements for jobs creation, school capacity, teachers, doctors, nurses, urban housing, or food require knowledge of the number of people who will be requiring these services. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
EGYPT | TECHNICAL REPORT | POPULATION PROJECTION | TOTAL FERTILITY RATE | LIFE EXPECTANCY | INFANT MORTALITY | LABOR FORCE | ZERO POPULATION GROWTH | MACROECONOMIC FACTORS | Africa, North | Africa | Developing Countries | Estimation Techniques | Research Methodology | Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Length of Life | Mortality | Human Resources | Economic Factors | Population Size
Document Number: 276809

26.

Title: Methods for estimating adult mortality.
Author: United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division
Source: New York, New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2002 Jul 1. x, 112 p. (ESA/P/WP.175)
Abstract: The level of mortality in a society is a fundamental indicator of health and development. The ageing of populations in both developed and developing countries, with the associated increasing share of mortality that occurs in adulthood, has accentuated the need to obtain better estimates of mortality at adult ages. In developed countries, adult mortality can be measured using data from civil registration systems and population estimates derived from censuses or population registers. In most developing countries, however, the estimation of adult mortality is seriously constrained by the absence of reliable, continuous, and complete data registration systems. This manual brings together existing methods for adult mortality estimation in situations where reliable and complete data registration systems are not available. The manual explains the concepts behind each method, details the steps required for application, and discusses issues of analysis and interpretation. The methods discussed in this volume are indirect methods, and they do not provide the same degree of accuracy as direct methods, which use complete registration statistics. However, each of the methods presented involves a standard series of calculations that will, in the best of circumstances, produce useful estimates of adult mortality. Unlike methods based on reliable civil registration data, however, the accuracy of the estimates produced by the methods discussed herein cannot be taken for granted, but must be established in each application. This validation requires knowledge and judgement that go well beyond the mechanical application of the equations that underpin each method and require a good understanding of the assumptions on which each method is based. A key strategy, in this regard, is to derive estimates from all data available for each particular case, to compare them, and to use the comparisons to make judgements on the accuracy of the different data sources and the validity of the assumptions underlying the various methods. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
JAPAN | ZIMBABWE | LIFE TABLE METHOD | CENSUS | ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES | WOMEN | STABLE POPULATION | SURVIVORSHIP | LIFE EXPECTANCY | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Demographic Analysis | Research Methodology | Population Statistics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Length of Life | Mortality
Document Number: 273415

30.
Title: Identification of demographically weak districts.
Author: Singh P
Source: In: Biostatistical aspects of health and epidemiology, edited by Chandra M. Pandey, Pradeep Mishra, Uttam Singh. Lucknow, India, Prakashan Kendra, 2002. :5-10. Issued by Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Lucknow, India.
Abstract: Improvement in the standard of living and health status of the population has remained one of the important objectives in Indian planning. All five year plans had reflected long term vision consistent with the international aspirations of which India has also been a signatory. These long-term goals have been stressed in National Population Policy, National Health Policy and National Nutrition Policy of the country. These goals have to be achieved through improving the access and utilization of health, family welfare and nutrition services with special focus on under served and under privileged segments of population. This paper highlights the trends and regional imbalance in Fertility, Mortality, Nutrition and other Health Indicators. The analysis is primarily based on the important community based data sources like Census of India, Sample Registration System (SRS), National Family Health Survey (NFHS), Reproductive and Child Health Survey (RCH), Rapid Household Survey (RHS), Multi-lndicator Surveys of UNICEF and Indian Council of Medical Research. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | STATISTICAL STUDIES | CENSUS | ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS | POPULATION STABILIZATION | TOTAL FERTILITY RATE | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Population Statistics | Geographic Factors | Population | Population Size | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Fertility Measurements | Fertility
Document Number: 179428


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