1.  Title: Human papillomavirus typing and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in female sex workers with a negative cervical smear result. Author: Arioz DT; Altindis M; Tokyol C; Kalayci R; Saylan A; Yilmazer M Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 May 20; Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels in female sex workers with a negative cervical smear result, and to determine the effectiveness of using sIL-2R levels to screen for high-risk strains of HPV. METHOD: A negative cervical smear result and a blood sample were obtained from 68 women: 43 female sex workers and 25 women acting as controls. HPV DNA genotyping was performed and sIL-2R levels were assessed. RESULTS: Female sex workers had significantly higher sIL-2R levels than women in the control group (318.37+/-239.7 vs 114.4+/-56.5 U/mL, respectively P<0.001). In addition, female sex workers with high-risk strains of HPV had significantly higher sIL-2R levels than those who did not have high-risk strains of HPV (736.7+/-251.5 vs 250.5+/-156.1 U/mL, respectively; P=0.001). CONCLUSION: High sIL-2R levels may be useful in screening for high-risk strains of HPV in female sex workers who have a negative cervical smear result. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | CONTROL GROUPS | SEX WORKERS | HPV | CERVICAL CANCER | RISK FACTORS | CYTOLOGIC EFFECTS | SCREENING | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Cancer | Neoplasms | Health | Physiology | Biology | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care Document Number: 341451 |
| 2. Peer Reviewed Title: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Zagreb, Croatia. Author: Bozicevic I; Rode OD; Lepej SZ; Johnston LG; Stulhofer A; Dominkovic Z; Vacak V; Lukas D; Begovac J Source: AIDS and Behavior. 2009 Apr;13(2):303-309. Abstract: We used respondent-driven sampling among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Zagreb, Croatia in 2006 to investigate the prevalence of HIV, other sexually transmitted infections and sexual behaviours. We recruited 360 MSM. HIV infection was diagnosed in 4.5%. The seroprevalence of antibodies to viral pathogens was: herpes simplex virus type-2, 9.4%; hepatitis A, 14.2%; hepatitis C, 3.0%. Eighty percent of participants were susceptible to HBV infection (HBs antigen negative, and no antibodies to HBs and HBc antigen). Syphilis seroprevalence was 10.6%. Prevalence of Chlamydia and gonorrhoea was 9.0%, and 13.2%, respectively. Results indicate the need for interventions to diagnose, treat and prevent sexually transmitted infections among this population. Language: English Keywords: CROATIA | RESEARCH REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | KAP SURVEYS | MEN HAVING SEX WITH MEN | URBAN POPULATION | PREVALENCE | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | SEX BEHAVIOR | RISK BEHAVIOR | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Behavior | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Measurement | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases Document Number: 340131 |
| 3. Peer Reviewed Title: Sublingual misoprostol 100 microgram versus 200 microgram for second trimester abortion: a randomised trial. Author: Caliskan E; Doger E; Cakiroglu Y; Corakci A; Yucesoy I Source: European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care. 2009 Feb;14(1):55-60. Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of repeated doses of 100 microg vs. 200 microg misoprostol given sublingually for induction of second trimester abortion. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two women at 15-22 weeks' gestation were randomized to receive every 2 h either 100 microg (group 1; n = 81) or 200 microg (group 2; n = 81) misoprostol sublingually. The primary outcome measure was the abortion rate within 24 h. The secondary outcome measures were the induction-abortion interval, the total misoprostol dose required, and side effects of the regimen. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the abortion rates within 12 h (43.2% in group 1 vs. 48.1% in group 2; p = 0.52; relative risk [RR]: 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4-1.5) and 24 h (92.6% in group 1 vs. 91.4% in group 2; p = 0.77; RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.37-3.6). The induction-abortion intervals in the two groups were of similar length (885 minutes in group 1 vs. 912 minutes in group 2; p = 0.72). When the total dose of misoprostol was compared between the two groups, women belonging to group 2 on average had received significantly more misoprostol than those in group 1 (1274 +/- 592 microg [7 +/- 3 doses] vs. 614 +/- 432 microg [6 +/- 4 doses], respectively; p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Sublingual administration of repeated doses of 100 microg misoprostol for abortion induction appears to be equally effective to that of repeated doses of 200 microg. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PREGNANT WOMEN | ABORTION | PREGNANCY, SECOND TRIMESTER | MISOPROSTOL | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Prostaglandins, Synthetic | Prostaglandins | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology Document Number: 341234 Notification |
| 4. Title: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog combined with a low-dose oral contraceptive to treat heavy menstrual bleeding. Author: Cetin NN; Karabacak O; Korucuoglu U; Karabacak N Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Mar;104(3):236-9. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of low-dose oral contraceptives used alone and in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog to treat heavy menstrual bleeding. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with heavy menstrual bleeding were prospectively randomized into two treatment groups to receive either a low-dose oral contraceptive alone (group 1), or combined with a GnRH analog (group 2) for 6 months. The patients' hormonal profiles, and hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were measured at the beginning and at the end of the treatment period. RESULTS: Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels significantly improved in both groups after 6 months of treatment (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Even in the first month of the study, the number of pads used and the duration of menstruation were significantly decreased in both groups and markedly lower in group 2 (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The addition of a GnRH analog to low-dose oral contraceptive treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding resulted in bettercontrol of vaginal bleeding, even in the first month of therapy. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | CLIENTS | MENORRHAGIA | TREATMENT | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, LOW-DOSE | GONADOTROPINS | ENDOMETRIAL EFFECTS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Menstruation Disorders | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Oral Contraceptives | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Hormones | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology | Endometrium | Uterus | Genitalia, Female | Genitalia | Urogenital System Document Number: 341388 |
5.  Peer Reviewed Title: Post abortion family planning counseling as a tool to increase contraception use. Author: Ceylan A; Ertem M; Saka G; Akdeniz N Source: BMC Public Health. 2009 Jan 15;9(20):[16] p. Abstract: Background: To describe the impact of the post-abortion family planning counseling in bringing about the contraceptive usage in women who had induced abortion in a family planning clinic. Method: The Diyarbakir Office of Turkish Family Planning Association (DTFPA) is a nonprofit and nongovernmental organization which runs a family planning clinic to serve the lower socio-economic populations, in Diyarbakir-Turkey. Post abortion counseling is introduced by using proper communication skills and with using appropriate methods to women. In this study we introduced contraceptive usage of women who had induced abortion one year ago and followed by DTFPA's clinic. Results: 55.3% of our clients were not using contraceptive methods before abortion. At the end of the one year, 75.9% of our followed-up clients revealed that they were using one of the modern contraceptive methods. There was no woman with IUD before induced abortion. At the end of one year 124 (52.3%) women had IUD. "A modern method was introduced immediately after abortion" was the most important factor increasing modern method usage. Conclusion: Our results advocate that post-abortion counseling may be an effective tool to increase the usage of contraceptives. Improved and more qualified post-abortion family planning counseling should be an integral part of abortion services. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | WOMEN | CLIENTS | POSTABORTION CARE | ABORTION | FAMILY PLANNING | COUNSELING | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | IUD | HEALTH SERVICES | Developing Countries | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Demographic Factors | Population | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Fertility Control, Postconception | Clinic Activities | Contraception | Contraceptive Methods Document Number: 329531 Notification |
| 6. Title: Coitus interruptus as a contraceptive method: Turkish women's perceptions and experiences. Author: Ciftcioglu S; Erci B Source: Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2009 Jun 1; Abstract: Aim. This paper is a report of a study conducted to determine the perceptions and experiences of coitus interruptus as a contraceptive method used by married women in Turkey. Background. Various factors affect women's choice of contraceptive methods. One of these factors is socioeconomic status, which may have an effect on the practice of coitus interruptus by women. Socioeconomic status refers to the relative position of a family or individual in a hierarchical social structure based on their access to or control over wealth, prestige and power. Methods. The study population consisted of married Turkish women from two different socioeconomic status groups in Turkey who were currently using coitus interruptus. Structured interviews on their demographic characteristics and perceptions and experiences of coitus interruptus were carried out between August 2004 and August 2005 with a convenience sample of 422 women (response rate 97.2%). Findings. Most participants were satisfied with the practice of coitus interruptus. Conception was the most common reason for discontinuing practice of the method. Age and educational level of participants did not affect failure in coitus interruptus practice in women of either socioeconomic status. The majority of the women of both socioeconomic statuses began practising coitus interruptus again after having stopped. Conclusions. Women generally favoured coitus interruptus, believing in its efficacy and safety, and stated that both women and their husbands preferred to use it. Nurses and midwives should promote knowledge of all effective methods for fertility regulation while women are in the fertile ages. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | WOMEN | COUPLES | WITHDRAWAL | FAMILY PLANNING, BEHAVIORAL METHODS | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Family Planning | Contraception Document Number: 341567 |
| 7. Title: Reproductive and hormonal risk factors for postmenopausal luminal, HER-2-overexpressing, and triple-negative breast cancer [letter] Author: Dizdar O; Aksoy S; Altundag K Source: Cancer. 2009 Apr 15;115(8):1802; author reply 1802-3. Abstract: We read with great interest the article by Phipps et al, in which they examined the risk factors for different subtypes of postmenopausal breast cancer. They found that certain reproductive factors have a greater effect on the risk of certain molecular subtypes of disease compared with others. However, the authors did not analyze oral contraceptive use as a risk factor. Oral contraceptive use has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in young women. Narod et al demonstrated that among BRCA1 mutation carriers, women who first used oral contraceptives before 1975, who used them before age 30 years, or who used them for > or = 5 years may have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. Sporadic triple-negative breast cancers and tumors that are noted in carriers of the BRCA1 mutation share similar features, including estrogen receptor negativity, high nuclear grade, high Ki-67 staining, cytokeratin 5/6 expression, and epidermal growth factor receptor expression. Furthermore, BRCA1 is rarely mutated in sporadic breast cancers. However, the pathologic similarities suggest that BRCA1 or associated pathways can become inactivated in triple-negative tumors via other mechanisms, such as gene promoter methylation. We previously reported a positive association between oral contraceptive use and triple-negative breast cancer. Although we did not take into consideration the menopausal status of the patients, the frequency of oral contraceptive use in our small cohort was found to be higher in patients with the triple-negative subtype compared with patients with other subtypes of breast cancer (35.3% vs 12.2%; P=.02). Taken together, we propose that oral contraceptive use may be associated with an increased risk of developing triple-negative breast cancer. However, to identify the exact role of oral contraceptive use in the development of breast cancer, more preclinical and clinical studies are warranted. (full-text) Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CRITIQUE | BREAST CANCER | RISK FACTORS | GENETICS | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | MENOPAUSE | AGE FACTORS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Cancer | Neoplasms | Diseases | Health | Biology | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Reproduction | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population Document Number: 341636 |
| 8. Title: Evaluation of the birthweight values of newborns presenting at the Mother-Child Health and Family Planning Center in Yenibosna, Istanbul, Turkey. Author: Dolgun G; Cimen S; Yazici S; Savaser S Source: Nursing and Health Sciences. 2009 Jun;11(2):174-9. Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effect of a number of variables related to the mother (age, educational level, employment status, cigarette smoking during pregnancy) and to the baby (sex and birth order) on newborns' birthweight. The research was carried out in the province of Istanbul, one of Turkey's large metropolises, at the Mother-Child Health and Family Planning Center in the district of Yenibosna, where 0-1 month old infants had been brought in for phenylketonuria screening and vaccinations. The mean age of the mothers was 26.1 +/- 4.8 years and the mean birthweight of the newborns was 3236.7 +/- 542.2 g. Of the infants, 6.3% were classified as having a low birthweight and 8.3% were large infants. The mean birthweight showed a statistical significance depending upon the infants' sex and birth order. The mean birthweight of the infants of the working mothers, as opposed to the unemployed mothers and the mothers in nuclear families, as opposed to the mothers in extended families, was higher. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | EVALUATION | INFANT | EDUCATION | PREGNANCY | BIRTH WEIGHT | MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES | REPRODUCTIVE AGE | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproduction | Body Weight | Physiology | Biology | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 341575 |
| 9. Title: Domestic violence on pregnant women in Turkey. Author: Ergonen AT; Ozdemir MH; Can IO; Sonmez E; Salacin S; Berberoglu E; Demir N Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2009 Apr;16(3):125-9. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Domestic violence is accepted worldwide as an important health problem. Besides diagnosis and treatment process, there are difficulties when considering of medico-legal evaluation of pregnant women subjected to domestic violence. As a signatory of the ''Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)'' Turkey has certain commitments regarding domestic violence and made regulations on national law. The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy among the women who applied to obstetrics clinics and evaluating of the participants' knowledge level about the legal legislation concerning domestic violence. FINDINGS: Pregnant women attending for antenatal care to department of Gynecology and Obstetrics were interviewed using an anonymous and confidential questionnaire. The questionnaire used was a version of Abuse Assessment Screen with guidance of references. 28 (13.4%) women stated that they had been subjected to violence before pregnancy. Only 10 (4.67%) women had stated experience of violence during pregnancy. 148 (69.2%) of them had stated that they had no knowledge about any legislation concerning domestic violence in our country. CONCLUSION: We believe that society awareness should be increased and the health workers should be informed about their ethical and legal responsibilities concerning domestic violence during pregnancy. The knowledge and sensitivity of health care personnel in Prenatal Clinics and Family Planning Services should be increased and examination protocols should be provided about domestic violence against pregnant women. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PREGNANT WOMEN | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | PREVALENCE | LEGISLATION | KNOWLEDGE | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | QUESTIONNAIRES | TREATIES | ANTENATAL CARE | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Measurement | Research Methodology | Political Factors | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Maternal Health Services | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 342189 |
| 10. Title: Traditional postpartum practices of women and infants and the factors influencing such practices in South Eastern Turkey. Author: Geckil E; Sahin T; Ege E Source: Midwifery. 2009 Feb;25(1):62-71. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: to gain an understanding of traditional postpartum practices for women and babies, and to investigate the factors influencing such practices. DESIGN: descriptive study. SETTING: Maternity and Children's Hospital in Adiyaman city, Turkey. PARTICIPANTS: 273 women who gave birth at the Maternity and Children's Hospital in Adiyaman city from March to June 2004. FINDINGS: more than half of the 273 women (55.7%) were aged between 25 and 32 years (mean 27.85, standard deviation [SD] 5.45). A total of 22.3% of women were illiterate, and most were unemployed. The most popular practices among new mothers were eating a kind of dessert, called 'Bulamac' (82.8%). A number of women (69.6%) drank a mixture of grape molasses and butter, 64.5% had their abdomen tightly wrapped, 62.6% were not left alone at home, and more than half of the women (57.9%) avoided sexual intercourse for 40 days after giving birth. Nearly, half of the women (45.4%) fed their babies with water containing sugar just after the birth, and 77.1% of women kept their babies' umbilical cord in a special place. Afterwards, the mothers threw the cords into a river or they buried them in the grounds of a mosque or a school. Most of the mothers (89%) reported that they covered their babies with a yellow cloth in order to protect them from jaundice. A relationship between traditional postpartum practices and demographic characteristics of women was observed. The women's mothers and mothers-in-law (66.7%) usually encouraged such practices. KEY CONCLUSIONS: postpartum care of women and their babies are important cultural practices. Some of these practices may have harmful effects on women and their babies. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: it is important to gain an understanding of cultural beliefs and traditional practices relating to the postpartum care of women and their babies. Midwives and nurses should discuss these findings and their implications when they educate new mothers and their families about contemporary methods of postnatal maternal and infant care. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | POSTPARTUM WOMEN | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | INFANT | POSTPARTUM | DIET | MATERNAL NUTRITION | BEHAVIOR | POSTPARTUM ABSTINENCE | TIME FACTORS | SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING | TRADITIONAL HEALTH PRACTICES | DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Puerperium | Reproduction | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Population | Nutrition | Health | Abstinence | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Family Planning | Population Dynamics | Infant Nutrition | Culture | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 331293 |
| 11. Peer Reviewed Title: Use of the Levonorgestrel-IUS in the treatment of menorrhagia: assessment of quality of life in Turkish users. Author: Gorgen H; Api M; Akca A; Cetin A Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Jun;279(6):835-40. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to measure the treatment of menorrhagia and health-related quality of life (QoL) in Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in Turkish women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited 66 premenopausal women, aged 26-55 years, who had sought care in the previous year for menorrhagia. All patients were asked to complete a visual analog scale (VAS) form regarding pelvic pain, sexual life (libido) and general feeling of health. Patients filled the VAS form before LNG-IUS insertion and after 6 months. RESULTS: After the 6-month visit, PBAC score was condirebly decreased (p < 0.001). Six (10%) of the 60 patients PBAC score was higher than 75. VAS score for pelvic pain decreased from baseline to 6-month follow-up (4.32-3.55), and the libido and general feeling of health increased (4.27-4.95 and 3.47-6.87, respectively). CONCLUSION: The LNG-IUS device in the trearment of menorrhagia has cost effective, less side effects and increse in the QoL. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | CLIENTS | MENORRHAGIA | TREATMENT | IUD, HORMONE RELEASING | LEVONORGESTREL | IUD SIDE EFFECTS | QUALITY OF LIFE | PAIN | SEX BEHAVIOR | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Menstruation Disorders | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | IUD | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Contraceptive Agents, Progestin | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Social Welfare | Economic Factors | Signs and Symptoms | Behavior Document Number: 342109 |
| 12. Title: Maternal care under minimal conditions during the war in Croatia. Author: Habek D Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 May 22; Abstract: The Medical Corps Unit (MCU) of the 105th Croatian Army Brigade from Bjelovar, Croatia, provided medical care for military personnel wounded in action and civilians living close to the frontline and some distance from civilian medical facilities. Medical treatment was provided in the conflict areas of Novska, East Slavonia, and Posavlje during the 1991-1992 conflict and in 1995 during the Flash and Storm military actions. The MCU was structured as a mobile surgical unit for primary surgical management with an inpatient clinic and complete surgical and resuscitation facilities. It was attended continuously by a resident in surgical specialties, along with a specialist in conservative medicine, medical technicians, and drivers. The Brigade pharmacy was supplied with adequate equipment, medical supplies, and medicines. This report provides an overview of the patients treated for gynecologic-obstetric problems. Language: English Keywords: CROATIA | SUMMARY REPORT | MILITARY PERSONNEL | PROVIDERS WITH CLIENTS | MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES | OBSTETRICS | EMERGENCY SERVICES | WAR | MOBILE HEALTH UNITS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Government | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Medicine | Health Facilities Document Number: 341450 |
| 13. Peer Reviewed Title: Improvement in quality-of-life questionnaire measures in obese adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with lifestyle changes and oral contraceptives, with or without metformin. Author: Harris-Glocker M; Davidson K; Kochman L; Guzick D; Hoeger K Source: Fertility and Sterility. 2009 Sep 23; Abstract: We studied the effect of metformin or placebo in a lifestyle modification program combined with oral contraceptives (OC) on quality-of-life parameters measured by the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) questionnaire in obese adolescent women with validated PCOS. The quality-of-life indicators were measured at baseline and conclusion for five domains on the PCOS questionnaire, with equal improvement in scores in both placebo and metformin groups, suggesting that the addition of metformin does not add improvement to quality-of-life measures above those observed with lifestyle modification and OC treatment. Language: English Keywords: BULGARIA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUESTIONNAIRES | ADOLESCENTS | QUALITY OF LIFE | LIFE STYLE | OVARIAN CYSTS | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | CHANGES | Developing Countries | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Social Welfare | Economic Factors | Behavior | Diseases | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Social Change | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 342996 |
| 14. Title: Metabolic and endocrine effects of metformin and metformin plus cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Author: Haydardedeoglu B; Simsek E; Kilicdag EB; Bagis T Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Apr;105(1):32-5. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the metabolic and endocrine effects of treatment with cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) plus metformin compared with metformin alone in women with PCOS. METHODS: In this prospective randomized study of women with PCOS, 20 women received 850 mg of metformin twice a day, and 20 women received 850 mg of metformin plus 5 mg of MPA twice a day. Body mass index, hormonal and lipid blood profiles, homocysteine blood level, and insulin sensitivities assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were recorded at baseline and at 3 months. RESULTS: Total cholesterol levels decreased in the metformin plus MPA group (P=0.002) but did not change significantly in the metformin group (P=0.159). While homocysteine levels remained unchanged in the metformin plus MPA group, they increased significantly in the metformin group (P=0.002). CONCLUSION: There were no adverse effects of short-term cyclic MPA plus metformin treatment on metabolic parameters or insulin resistance in patients with PCOS over a 3-month treatment period. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | CLIENTS | MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE | OVARIAN CYSTS | TREATMENT | ENDOCRINE EFFECTS | METABOLIC EFFECTS | CHOLESTEROL | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Contraceptive Agents, Progestin | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Contraception | Family Planning | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology | Lipids Document Number: 341637 |
| 15. Peer Reviewed Title: Traces of the second demographic transition in four selected countries in Central and Eastern Europe: union formation as a demographic manifestation. Author: Hoem JM; Kostova D; Jasilioniene A; Muresan C Source: European Journal of Population. 2009 Aug;25(3):239-255. Abstract: Using data from the first round of the national Gender and Generations Surveys of Russia, Romania, and Bulgaria, and from a similar survey of Hungary, which were all collected in recent years, we study rates of entry into marital and non-marital unions. We have used elements from the narrative of the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) as a vehicle to give our analysis of the data from the four countries some coherence, and find what can be traces of the SDT in these countries. The details vary by country; in particular, latter-day developments in union formation patterns did not start at the same time in all countries, but in our assessment it began everywhere before communism fell, that is, before the societal transition to a market economy got underway in 1990. Language: English Keywords: RUSSIA | EUROPE | ROMANIA | HUNGARY | BULGARIA | RESEARCH REPORT | DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION | DATA ANALYSIS | MARRIAGE | LIVING ARRANGEMENTS | MARRIAGE AGE | Developing Countries | Asia, Northern | Asia | Developed Countries | Europe, Southeastern | Europe, Central | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Research Methodology | Nuptiality | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Marriage Patterns Document Number: 339896 |
| 16. Peer Reviewed Title: Oral contraceptives alone and with spironolactone increase sCD40 ligand in PCOS patients. Author: Kebapcilar L; Bilgir O; Taner CE; Kebapcilar AG; Kozaci DL; Alacacioglu A; Yildiz Y; Yuksel A; Sari I Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Aug 5; Abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to determine the effect of oral contraceptives (OCP) and OCP plus spironolactone (Sp) on plasma soluble CD40L levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. METHODS: Fifty-six women with PCOS were randomized into two treatment protocols: ethinylestradiol + cyproterone acetate (2 mg, EE/CA; n = 28), and EE/CA with spironolactone (Sp; n = 28). Plasma sCD40L levels were measured before and after a 3-month treatment. RESULTS: Before the initiation of treatment, the sCD40L levels were not significantly different between the groups [EE/CA (1.33 ng/mL) vs. EE/CA + Sp (1.23 ng/mL); P > 0.05]. In the post-treatment period, sCD40L concentrations were increased compared with pre-treatment values in the EE/CA and EE/CA + Sp groups (1.33 vs. 2.70 ng/mL, P = 0.011; and 1.23 vs. 2.41 ng/mL, P = 0.017; respectively). CONCLUSION: Increased plasma concentrations of sCD40L are associated with OCP and OCP + Sp treatment regimens in PCOS patients. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | CLIENTS | OVARIAN CYSTS | TREATMENT | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | DRUGS | IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS | BLOOD COAGULATION EFFECTS | LIPID METABOLIC EFFECTS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Immunity | Immune System | Physiology | Biology | Hematological Effects | Hemic System | Lipids Document Number: 342417 |
| 17. Peer Reviewed Title: The effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device on menorrhagia in women taking anticoagulant medication after cardiac valve replacement. Author: Kilic S; Yuksel B; Doganay M; Bardakci H; Akinsu F; Uzunlar O; Mollamahutoglu L Source: Contraception. 2009 Aug;80(2):152-7. Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (LNG-IUDs) on menorrhagia in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy after cardiac valve replacement. STUDY DESIGN: Forty women with menorrhagia who underwent cardiac valve replacement and were taking anticoagulant medication were enrolled in the study. The women were randomly divided into two groups: LNG-IUDs were inserted into 20 women in Group 1 over the first 3 days of menstrual bleeding, while the women in Group 2 were followed without any intervention. The activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, hematocrit level, hemoglobin level, ferritin level and pictorial bleeding assessments for the quantity of menstrual bleeding were recorded. RESULTS: Three months after insertion of LNG-IUDs, the women in Group 1 had a significant decrease in blood loss and higher hemoglobin, hematocrit and ferritin values. No difference was detected for these parameters in the control group at the third and sixth months of the study. Coagulation parameters did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: LNG-IUDs can be considered as an effective non-surgical treatment for menorrhagia in women receiving anticoagulant therapy after cardiac valve replacement. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | CONTROL GROUPS | CLIENTS | IUD, HORMONE RELEASING | LEVONORGESTREL | MENORRHAGIA | CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS | POSTOPERATIVE PROCEDURES | DRUGS | BLOOD COAGULATION EFFECTS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | IUD | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Contraceptive Agents, Progestin | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Menstruation Disorders | Diseases | Physiology | Biology | Surgery | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Hematological Effects | Hemic System Document Number: 342392 |
| 18. Title: Factors influencing women's decision to have a home birth in rural Turkey. Author: Kukulu K; Oncel S Source: Midwifery. 2009 Feb;25(1):32-8. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: to ascertain the reasons why mothers choose to have a home birth and the factors that influence these reasons. METHODS: this cross-sectional study involved 392 women and was conducted between June and September 2003 in a rural setting in Turkey. The data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the authors. The questionnaire included demographic information, obstetric background, the reasons for deciding to give birth at home as well as questions on who encouraged the decision to give birth at home and who assisted in the home births. FINDINGS: the decision to have a home birth is related to economic difficulties and the desire to benefit from the assistance of neighbours. Women who had experienced both planned and unplanned home births reported that home birth was unsafe. CONCLUSION: preliminary information is provided about women having home births that may inform practitioners' educational efforts and future research. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | PREGNANT WOMEN | SOCIAL NETWORKS | FRIENDS AND RELATIVES | HOME CARE | CHILDBIRTH | DECISION MAKING | HOME ECONOMICS | PERCEPTION | SAFETY | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Care and Support | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Pregnancy Outcomes | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Behavior | Microeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Psychological Factors | Public Health Document Number: 331292 |
| 19. Peer Reviewed Title: Sublingual misoprostol after surgical management of early termination of pregnancy. Author: Mulayim B; Celik NY; Onalan G; Zeyneloglu HB; Kuscu E Source: Fertility and Sterility. 2009 Aug;92(2):678-81. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of sublingual misoprostol after surgical management of early termination of pregnancy (ETP) regarding duration and amount of bleeding, presence of retained products of conception (RPOC), and endometrial thickness. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized clinical trial. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): One hundred five patients admitted for possible management of early pregnancy failure and unwanted pregnancy. INTERVENTION(S): Manual vacuum aspiration (control and study groups) plus 400 microg sublingual misoprostol (study group) at pregnancy termination, and transvaginal ultrasonography (both groups) 10 days after the procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Duration and amount of bleeding and presence of RPOC and endometrial thickness 10 days after the procedure. RESULT(S): Bleeding lasted 3.2 and 5.1 days in the study and control groups. Severe vaginal bleeding occurred in two patients in the study group and in six patients in the control group. Mean endometrial thickness was 5.5 mm in the study group and 6.9 mm in the control group. These differences were statistically significant. No cases of RPOC occurred in the study group; two cases occurred in the control group. CONCLUSION(S): In countries in which surgical management of ETP is still done, using sublingual misoprostol postoperatively may reduce the duration and amount of bleeding. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL TRIALS | CLIENTS | ABORTION | PREGNANCY, UNWANTED | BLEEDING | MISOPROSTOL | ULTRASONICS | TIME FACTORS | SURGERY | MANAGEMENT | TREATMENT | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Clinical Research | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Signs and Symptoms | Diseases | Prostaglandins, Synthetic | Prostaglandins | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 342616 Notification |
| 20. Title: Erosion of an intrauterine contraceptive device through the bladder wall causing calculus: management and review of the literature. Author: Mustafa M Source: Urologia Internationalis. 2009;82(3):370-1. Abstract: Intrauterine contraceptive devices have been in use for more than 30 years. Although perforation of the uterus by an intrauterine device is not uncommon, intravesical migration with secondary stone formation is a rare complication. A 46-year-old women is described in whom intravesical migration of the intrauterine device was complicated by bladder stone formation. Endoscopic management was applied with an excellent outcome. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | CASE STUDIES | WOMEN | MIDDLE AGED ADULTS | IUD COMPLICATIONS | UROGENITAL EFFECTS | IUD MIGRATION | PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | IUD, COPPER RELEASING | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Studies | Demographic Factors | Population | Adults | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | IUD | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 341108 |
| 22. Title: Introducing a natural family planning method in Albania. Author: Ram S; Doracaj D Source: [Tirana], Albania, Macro International, [2009]. [8] p. Abstract: The Albanian Child Survival Program (ACSP) worked to increase contraception use in particular. Their network facilitated women's family planning support groups, offered household-level counseling, and referred women for MOH-approved contraceptives either at the nearest commune-level health center or in their own village if it contained a pilot delivery point. The project promoted all MOH-approved methods: oral contraceptives, condoms, injectables, the IUD, and natural contraception, including the lactational amenorrhea method. Included in the category of natural contraception -- and the topic of the present case study -- was the Standard Days Method (SDM). The ACSP introduced this method to Albania in 2006. SDM is a fertility awareness method that offers couples an accessible, inexpensive, and effective family planning option. Researchers at the Institute of Reproductive Health at Georgetown University School of Medicine developed the method. SDM is more than 95 percent effective with correct use, and more than 88 percent effective with typical use among women who reported regular cycles of 26 to 32 days. SDM is especially attractive to couples who fear the side effects of other modern methods and/or in cultures where barrier and hormonal methods are viewed negatively and have common reproductive health goals. As such, SDM appeared ideally suited to the Albanian context. (Excerpt) Language: English Keywords: ALBANIA | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS, NEW | FAMILY PLANNING PERSONNEL | NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING | FAMILY PLANNING TRAINING | CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD ACCEPTABILITY | CONTRACEPTION CONTINUATION | CONTRACEPTION TERMINATION | CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD SWITCHING | CONDOM USE | Developing Countries | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Studies | Research Methodology | Family Planning Acceptors | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Training Programs | Education | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 331622 |
| 23. Peer Reviewed Title: The effects of oral contraceptives including low-dose estrogen and drospirenone on the concentration of leptin and ghrelin in polycystic ovary syndrome. Author: Sagsoz N; Orbak Z; Noyan V; Yucel A; Ucar B; Yildiz L Source: Fertility and Sterility. 2009 Aug;92(2):660-6. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate short-term leptin and ghrelin concentrations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who use low-dose oral contraceptives containing drospirenone. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Department of obstetrics and gynaecology in a university hospital. PATIENT(S): Twenty women with PCOS were enrolled in the study. INTERVENTION(S): A low-dose oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone was given for three cycles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum androstenedione, free T, T, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, sex hormone-binding globulin, FSH, LH, E(2), lipid profiles, leptin, and ghrelin levels were measured in each subject. Insulin resistance was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULT(S): While leptin concentrations did not change with therapy, ghrelin levels increased statistically. Baseline leptin concentrations were correlated positively with body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, insulin, and HOMA-IR and negatively with ghrelin. After controlling for body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio in a partial correlation analysis, leptin levels were not correlated with these parameters. Ghrelin was inversely correlated with body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, insulin, HOMA-IR, and free T. CONCLUSION(S): In patients with PCOS, an oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone increases ghrelin levels but not leptin levels in a 3-month period. Ghrelin might be related to the metabolic and androgenic changes in patients with PCOS. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | CLIENTS | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | ETHINYL ESTRADIOL | OVARIAN CYSTS | TREATMENT | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Contraceptive Agents, Estrogen | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 342584 |
| 24. Title: Trans fatty acids and fatty acid composition of mature breast milk in turkish women and their association with maternal diet's. Author: Samur G; Topcu A; Turan S Source: Lipids. 2009 May;44(5):405-13. Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the fatty acid composition and trans fatty acid and fatty acid contents of breast milk in Turkish women and to find the effect of breastfeeding mothers' diet on trans fatty acid and fatty acid composition. Mature milk samples obtained from 50 Turkish nursing women were analyzed. Total milk lipids extracts were transmethylated and analyzed by using gas liquid chromatography to determine fatty acids contents. A questionnaire was applied to observe eating habits and 3 days dietary records from mothers were obtained. Daily dietary intake of total energy and nutrients were estimated by using nutrient database. The mean total trans fatty acids contents was 2.13 +/- 1.03%. The major sources of trans fatty acids in mothers' diets were margarines-butter (37.0%), bakery products and confectionery (29.6%). Mothers who had high level of trans isomers in their milk consumed significantly higher amounts of these products. Saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids of human milk constituted 40.7 +/- 4.7%, 26.9 +/- 4.2% and 30.8 +/- 0.6% of the total fatty acids, respectively. The levels of fatty acids in human milk may reflect the current diet of the mother as well as the diet consumed early in pregnancy. Margarines, bakery products and confectionery are a major source of trans fatty acids in maternal diet in Turkey. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | STATISTICAL STUDIES | MOTHERS | BREASTFEEDING, EXCLUSIVE | LIPIDS | DIET | HUMAN MILK | LABORATORY PROCEDURES | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Parents | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Breastfeeding | Infant Nutrition | Nutrition | Health | Physiology | Biology | Lactation | Maternal Physiology | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care Document Number: 342185 |
| 25. Title: Violence, dignity and HIV vulnerability: street sex work in Serbia. Author: Simic M; Rhodes T Source: Sociology of Health and Illness. 2009 Jan;31(1):1-16. Abstract: Sex work can be contextualized by violence, social and material inequality, and HIV vulnerability. We undertook a qualitative study to explore female and transvestite sex workers' accounts (n = 31) of HIV risk environment in Belgrade and Pancevo, Serbia. Violence emerged as a key theme. Accounts emphasise the ubiquity of multiple forms of everyday violence - physical, emotional, social - in street sex work scenes, linked to police as much as clients. We highlight the salience of emotions in sex work risk management, in which the preservation of dignity is of prime importance. Accounts draw upon narratives of hygiene and responsibility which, we argue, seek to resist portrayals, normative to this setting, of sex workers as contaminated and irresponsible. Findings highlight how the ubiquity of the risk of violence in street sex work scenes reflects institutionalised social inequalities and injustices. Sex workers are inevitably participant in the cycle of symbolic violence they seek to resist. The challenges for HIV prevention are therefore considerable, and require interventions which not only seek to foster safer micro-environments of sex work but structural changes in the welfare, criminal justice and other social institutions which reproduce the cycle of violence faced by sex workers day to day. Language: English Keywords: SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | SEX WORKERS | WOMEN | VIOLENCE | HIV INFECTIONS | Developing Countries | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Research Methodology | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Demographic Factors | Population | Viral Diseases | Diseases Document Number: 330883 |
| 26. Peer Reviewed Title: An assessment of HIV/STI vulnerability and related sexual risk-taking in a nationally representative sample of young Croatian adults. Author: Stulhofer A; Graham C; Bozicevic I; Kufrin K; Ajdukovic D Source: Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2009 Apr;38(2):209-25. Abstract: Despite the recent increase in the number of HIV infections in Central and Eastern Europe, patterns of sexual behavior have not been extensively researched, particularly among young people. The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive assessment of HIV/AIDS-related vulnerability and sexual risk-taking among young adults in Croatia. Data were collected in 2005 using a nationally representative, multi-stage stratified probability sample (n = 1,093) of women and men aged 18-24 years. The focus in this article was on predictors of sexual risk-taking measured by a composite risky sexual behaviors scale. Using hierarchical regression models, we analyzed gendered effects of community, family, peer group, and individual level factors. For both men and women, peer pressure, sensation seeking, personal risk-assessment, behavioral intention, condom use at first sexual intercourse, and sexual victimization were significant predictors of sexual risk-taking behaviors. A number of predictors were gender-specific: sexual assertiveness and condom self-efficacy for women and parental monitoring, traditional morality, HIV knowledge, and talking about sex with partner for men. Documenting substantial prevalence of potentially risky sexual behaviors among young people in Croatia, the findings call for prevention and intervention efforts that should focus on individual capacity building for responsible sexual behavior. Language: English Keywords: CROATIA | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA ANALYSIS | YOUTH | GENDER ISSUES | HIV INFECTIONS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | SEX BEHAVIOR | RISK BEHAVIOR | RISK ASSESSMENT | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Sociocultural Factors | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Behavior | Evaluation Document Number: 341011 |
| 27. Peer Reviewed Title: Treatment of menorrhagia with the levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system: effects on ovarian function and uterus. Author: Tasci Y; Caglar GS; Kayikcioglu F; Cengiz H; Yagci B; Gunes M Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Jul;280(1):39-42. Abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) on ovarian functions, uterine and fibroid volume. METHODS: In this prospective study, LNG-IUS was inserted to 46 women with menorrhagia. The patients were evaluated for serum levels of hemoglobin, FSH, LH and estradiol, ovarian volume, uterine and fibroid volume and Kupperman index scores at the time of insertion, at 6th and 12th months. RESULTS: Serum FSH levels increased in 69% of the device users, the increase of serum FSH levels were statistically significant (P = 0.021). Regression analysis showed significant association between FSH levels and age of the patient (P = 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in ovarian and uterine volumes. A statistically significant decrease in myoma volumes were observed (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The application of LNG-IUS in reproductive age women seems to decrease fibroid size and increase hemoglobin levels without any significant dysfunction on ovaries. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | CLIENTS | MENORRHAGIA | TREATMENT | IUD, HORMONE RELEASING | LEVONORGESTREL | OVARIAN EFFECTS | UTERINE EFFECTS | FIBROIDS | HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Menstruation Disorders | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | IUD | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Contraceptive Agents, Progestin | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Ovary | Genitalia, Female | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Uterus | Neoplasms, Benign | Neoplasms | Hemic System Document Number: 341969 |
| 28. Peer Reviewed Title: The Turkey national maternal mortality study. Author: Turkyilmaz AS; Koc I; Schumacher R; Campbell OM Source: European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care. 2009 Feb;14(1):75-82. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Complications during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium are the most widespread causes of death and disability among women of reproductive age in developing countries. In most of these, reliable estimates of maternal mortality are lacking. This paper aims to report Turkey's basic maternal mortality indicators derived from the National Maternal Mortality Study (NMMS). METHODS: The data originate from NMMS which was an implementation of a Reproductive Age Mortality Study (RAMOS) data-collection strategy. Maternal mortality rates and ratios were estimated, and information was gathered for improving the existing recording and reporting systems. Burial data by age and sex were collected prospectively over a 12 month period. Interviews with household members, health care providers, and reviews of facility records were then used to classify the deaths as pregnancy-related or maternal or otherwise. RESULTS: A national pregnancy-related mortality ratio of 38 (+/- 2.8) and a maternal mortality ratio of 29 (+/- 2.5) per 100,000 live births were found. The NMMS shows that 59% of all pregnant women died from direct maternal causes, 16% from indirect causes and 23% from co-incidental causes. CONCLUSION: Maternal mortality is highest in regions with a poorer network of good roads, harsher winter conditions and longer distances to the next secondary level health facility which provides comprehensive obstetric emergency care services. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PREGNANT WOMEN | PREGNANCY | MATERNAL MORTALITY | CAUSES OF DEATH | RISK FACTORS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproduction | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Health Document Number: 341233 |
| 29. Peer Reviewed Title: Migration of an intrauterine device into the bladder: a rare case. Author: Yensel U; Bezircioglu I; Yavuzcan A; Baloglu A; Cetinkaya B Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2009 May;279(5):739-42. Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intrauterine device (IUD) application has been used for over 30 years and is a widely accepted contraception method among women because of its low-complication rates. The use of intrauterine devices may cause complications but migration of the IUD into an adjacent organ is rarely encountered. CASE: In the present report, we present a 26-year-old patient to whom IUD had been applied 2 years ago and whose examination performed due to pain and urinary complaints revealed migration of the uterine device into the bladder. CONCLUSION: Patients with pelvic pain and chronic irritative urinary symptoms whose vaginal examination and ultrasonography reveal a dislocated IUD should be carefully examined for the migration of the IUD into the bladder. In order to avoid this rare complication, patient should be evaluated physically and ultrasonographically for uterine position, thinness of the uterine wall and inflammatory disease before the insertion. The patient should be evaluated with sonographyimmediately after insertion and periodically. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | SUMMARY REPORT | CASE HISTORIES | CLIENTS | IUD MIGRATION | UROGENITAL EFFECTS | EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | UTERINE PERFORATION | ULTRASONICS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | IUD | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Perforations | Diseases Document Number: 341662 |
| 30. Title: The effects of copper contraceptive intrauterine device on the uterine blood flow: A prospective transvaginal Doppler study. Author: Yigit N; Kacar M; Yigit H; Kosar P; Kosar U Source: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 2009 May 19; Abstract: PURPOSE.: To evaluate the hemodynamic changes by transvaginal color Doppler sonography (CDS) in the uterine vascular bed after the insertion of a contraceptive intrauterine device (CIUD) and to investigate whether those CDS findings could predict potential side effects, such as dysmenorrhea and abnormal bleeding. METHOD.: Pulsatility index (PI), resistance index, and systole/diastole ratio (S/D) were measured in the uterine artery and its myometrial branches on 28 patients before and after the insertion of copper IUD, and a correlation with dysmenorrhea and abnormal bleeding was investigated. RESULT.: PI and S/D values in the uterine artery increased significantly after the insertion of the CIUD (p < 0.05). Patients with increased bleeding scores after insertion of CIUD had significantly lower uterine artery PI compared with those without increased bleeding scores (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was detected in the Doppler flow parameters regarding dysmenorrhea scores. CONCLUSION.: Low uterine artery PI values recorded in the early phase of the menstrual cycle in patients with a CIUD were associated with an increased bleeding risk. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2009. Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | WOMEN | IUD | MENORRHAGIA | DYSMENORRHEA | CONTRACEPTION | ULTRASONICS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraceptive Methods | Family Planning | Menstruation Disorders | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 341251 |
 |
||
 |
Information & Knowledge for Optimal Health (INFO) Project 111 Market Place Suite 310, Baltimore, MD 21202 Phone: 410-659-6300 Fax: 410-659-6266 Security & Privacy Policy |  |