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Title: mHealth for development: The opportunity of mobile technology for healthcare in the developing world.
Author: Vital Wave Consulting
Source: Washington, D.C., United Nations Foundation, 2009. 66 p.
Abstract: Mounting interest in the field of mHealth -- the provision of health-related services via mobile communications -- can be traced to the evolution of several interrelated trends. In many parts of the world, epidemics and a shortage of healthcare workers continue to present grave challenges for governments and health providers. Yet in these same places, the explosive growth of mobile communications over the past decade offers a new hope for the promotion of quality healthcare. Among those who had previously been left behind by the 'digital divide,' billions now have access to reliable technology. There is a growing body of evidence that demonstrates the potential of mobile communications to radically improve healthcare services -- even in some of the most remote and resource-poor environments. This report examines issues at the heart of the rapidly evolving intersection of mobile phones and healthcare. It helps the reader to understand mHealth's scope and implementation across developing regions, the health needs to which mHealth can be applied, and the mHealth applications that promise the greatest impact on heath care initiatives. It also examines building blocks required to make mHealth more widely available through sustainable implementations. Finally, it calls for concerted action to help realize mHealth's full potential. (Excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | SUMMARY REPORT | PUBLIC HEALTH | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION | EDUCATION | AWARENESS | DATA COLLECTION | PRIMARY HEALTH CARE | TRAINING ACTIVITIES | HEALTH PERSONNEL | DISEASE PREVENTION | TECHNOLOGY | TREATMENT | ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE | DRUGS | HIV TESTING | HIV PREVENTION | Health | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Knowledge | Sociocultural Factors | Research Methodology | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Training Programs | Prevention and Control | Diseases | Economic Factors | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases
Document Number: 331450

Title: Communicating with youth: Using the Internet and mobile phones in reproductive health programs. The Internet and mobile phones hold promise as tools for reaching youth, but more evaluation is needed.
Author: Fazekas K; Moffett J
Source: Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, Family Health International [FHI], Interagency Youth Working Group, 2009 May. [4] p. (YouthLens on Reproductive Health and HIV / AIDS No. 28)
Abstract: A growing number of programs are turning to the Internet and mobile phones to communicate with young people about reproductive health and HIV / AIDS prevention. The surge in availability and popularity of these technologies among youth offers new opportunities but also raises important questions. How can the Internet and mobile phones best be used in reproductive health interventions for youth? What are the advantages and challenges of using these technologies? Is there evidence to demonstrate that interventions using the Internet or mobile phone are effective? (Excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | SUMMARY REPORT | YOUTH | ADOLESCENTS | COMMUNICATION | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | INTERNET | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | PROGRAM ACTIVITIES | INTERVENTIONS | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Health | Information Networks | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 331497

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Title: Premarital romantic partnerships: attitudes and sexual experiences of youth in Delhi, India.
Author: Hindin J; Hindin MJ
Source: International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2009 Jun;35(2):97-104.
Abstract: Attitudes toward and behavior within romantic partnerships were examined using data collected in 2004 from unmarried youth (583 males and 475 females, ages 15�19) living in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods in Delhi, India. Associations between specific attitudes or behaviors and age, gender, and sexual experience were determined using Fisher's exact tests. Sixty-two percent of males and 53% of females reported that someone of the opposite sex had expressed an interest in them; 86% of males and 63% of females reported feeling good about it. In addition, 67% of males and 47% of females reported that they liked someone of the opposite sex. Compared with females, males were more likely to seek information about the person they were interested in (76% vs. 61%), and to engage in heterosexual premarital sex (32% vs. 6%). Females were less likely than males to report that it is okay to engage in premarital sex if the male and female love one another (14% vs. 33%). For both males and females, television and films were the most popular source of information on issues related to sexual health. Gender disparities in the formation of premarital romantic partnerships and in the experience of sexual relations make a strong case for sexuality education programs tailored differently for young men and for young women.
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | SAMPLING STUDIES | YOUTH | LOW INCOME POPULATION | PREMARITAL SEX BEHAVIOR | ATTITUDES | SEX FACTORS | INFORMATION SOURCES | FILM AND VIDEO | TELEVISION | INTERVIEWS | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Psychological Factors | Information | Mass Media | Communication | Broadcast Media | Data Collection
Document Number: 339892

5.
Title: A text messaging trial in family planning clinics.
Author: Mackenzie H
Source: Studies In Health Technology and Informatics. 2009;146:154-9.
Abstract: The New Zealand Family Planning Association (Family Planning) is a national not-for-profit organization providing sexual and reproductive primary care health services as well as health promotion, professional training and advocacy on issues of sexual and reproductive health. By 2006 Family Planning had become acutely aware of the increasing amount of staff time being used to make phone calls to clients, particularly about appointment reminders and laboratory results, and the associated escalation in telephone costs. Much of the increased cost related to the trend for the clients, who are predominantly under 25 year of age, to have only a mobile phone as their phone contact. This paper describes a project to identify and implement an alternative means of communication with these clients, with the outcome being the introduction of a text messaging program (txt2remind) integrated with the Practice Management System (Medtech 32) into clinics by June 2008.
Language: English
Keywords:
NEW ZEALAND | RESEARCH REPORT | PRIMARY HEALTH CARE | FAMILY PLANNING | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | CONTACTING CLIENTS | Oceania | Developed Countries | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Clients | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 342050

Peer Reviewed

Title: Accuracy of information given by Los Angeles County pharmacies about emergency contraceptives to sham patient in need.
Author: Nelson AL; Jaime CM
Source: Contraception. 2009 Mar;79(3):206-10.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: As emergency contraception (EC) becomes increasingly available without prescription, it is important that women in need be provided accurate information about its use. STUDY DESIGN: A telephone survey of all retail pharmacies in Los Angeles County was conducted by women posing as a 23-year-old who wanted to prevent pregnancy after an unprotected act of intercourse. RESULTS: One thousand four hundred sixty unduplicated pharmacies listed in the Yellow Pages 2007 were called between October 2007 and April 2008. Sixty-nine percent had EC available on site; 19% referred the caller elsewhere. The remainder said nothing could be done or hung up. Multiple calls and multiple recitations of the situation were needed in over one third of calls. Isolated incidents of inappropriate comments occurred. CONCLUSION: While most pharmacies provided information about EC that was consistent with labeling, barriers still exist to both accurate information and timely access to that product.
Language: English
Keywords:
CALIFORNIA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | WOMEN | PHARMACISTS | PHARMACY DISTRIBUTION | FAMILY PLANNING EDUCATION | EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | United States of America | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Nonclinical Distribution | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Education | Contraception | Family Planning | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication
Document Number: 330057

9.
Title: E-health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a decade of challenges and achievements.
Author: Al-Shorbaji N
Source: Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2008;14 Suppl:S157-73.
Abstract: The World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) has made huge progress in terms of use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the healthcare sector. Despite the late entry of ICT in health in the Region, there have been many impressive developments both as public health applications and in medical care. The article attempts to draw a picture of the current status of e-health applications in the Region with some specific examples of milestones and achievements made. The overall ICT situation and economic factors coupled with the health situation in the Region dictate the state-of-the-art of e-health.
Language: English
Keywords:
MIDDLE EAST | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | POLICYMAKERS | WHO | INTERNET | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | TECHNOLOGY | COMMUNICATION PROGRAMS | HEALTH STATUS INDEXES | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | INFORMATION NETWORKS | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | UN | International Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Communication | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Economic Factors | Health
Document Number: 330596

10.

Title: Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring.
Author: Baste V; Riise T; Moen BE
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology. 2008 May;23(5):369-377.
Abstract: Concern is growing about exposure to electromagnetic fields and male reproductive health. The authors performed a cross-sectional study among military men employed in the Royal Norwegian Navy, including information about work close to equipment emitting radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, one-year infertility, children and sex of the offspring. Among 10,497 respondents, 22% had worked close to high-frequency aerials to a "high" or "very high" degree. Infertility increased significantly along with increasing self-reported exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. In a logistic regression, odds ratio (OR) for infertility among those who had worked closer than 10 m from high-frequency aerials to a "very high" degree relative to those who reported no work near high-frequency aerials was 1.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-2.37), adjusted for age, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and exposure to organic solvents, welding and lead. Similar adjusted OR for those exposed to a "high", "some" and "low" degree were 1.93 (95% CI: 1.55-2.40), 1.52 (95% CI: 1.25-1.84), and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.15-1.68), respectively. In all age groups there were significant linear trends with higher prevalence of involuntary childlessness with higher self-reported exposure to radiofrequency fields. However, the degree of exposure to radiofrequency radiation and the number of children were not associated. For self-reported exposure both to high-frequency aerials and communication equipment there were significant linear trends with lower ratio of boys to girls at birth when the father reported a higher degree of radiofrequency electromagnetic exposure. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
NORWAY | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | STATISTICAL REGRESSION | HEALTH SURVEYS | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | MEN | MILITARY PERSONNEL | INFERTILITY | SEX RATIO | ELECTRICITY | RADIO | OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH | PREVALENCE | Europe, Northern | Europe | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Data Analysis | Health | Demographic Factors | Population | Government | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Reproduction | Sex Distribution | Sex Factors | Population Characteristics | Energy Supply | Natural Resources | Environment | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Measurement
Document Number: 326442

11.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Direct data capture using hand-held computers in rural Burkina Faso: Experiences, benefits and lessons learnt.
Author: Byass P; Hounton S; Ouedraogo M; Some H; Diallo I
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2008 Jul;13 Suppl 1:25-30.
Abstract: The objectives were to assess our experiences of using hand-held computers (personal digital assistants, PDAs) for direct data capture in a large community-based geo-referenced survey in rural Burkina Faso, highlighting benefits and lessons learnt from their use. A population-based geo-referenced survey of over 500 000 people was undertaken using PDAs with in-built GPS receivers and the resulting database analysed in terms of successful completion, error rates and interview durations. Surveys were successfully completed for 84 861 households (98.3%) by 127 interviewers. The data input error rate was assessed at 0.24%, with more than half of the errors being made by less than 10% of the interviewers. Faster interviewers were not less accurate. Time-stamped and geo-referenced data allowed reconstruction of particular interviewer-day activities. Although the survey setting was challenging, the feasibility of using direct data capture on a large scale was well established. We learnt that, with more experience, we could have made better use of real-time entry and quality control checking procedures. The work involved in designing and setting up a complex survey on PDAs prior to data collection should not be underestimated. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
BURKINA FASO | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | INTERVIEWS | DATA COLLECTION | SURVEY METHODOLOGY | COMPUTERS | SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS | CENSUS METHODS | POPULATION STATISTICS | RURAL AREAS | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Information Processing | Information | Telecommunications | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Census | Geographic Factors | Population
Document Number: 327427

12.

Title: Telecommunications and Health Care: an HIV/AIDS warmline for communication and consultation in Rakai, Uganda.
Author: Chang LW; Kagaayi J; Nakigozi G; Galiwango R; Mulamba J
Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care. 2008 May-Jun;7(3):130-132.
Abstract: Hotlines and warmlines have been successfully used in the developed world to provide clinical advice; however, reports on their replicability in resource-limited settings are limited. A warmline was established in Rakai, Uganda, to support an antiretroviral therapy program. Over a 17-month period, a database was kept of who called, why they called, and the result of the call. A program evaluation was also administered to clinical staff. A total of 1303 calls (3.5 calls per weekday) were logged. The warmline was used mostly by field staff and peripherally based peer health workers. Calls addressed important clinical issues, including the need for urgent care, medication side effects, and follow-up needs. Most clinical staff felt that the warmline made their jobs easier and improved the health of patients. An HIV/AIDS warmline leveraged the skills of a limited workforce to provide increased access to HIV/AIDS care, advice, and education.
Language: English
Keywords:
UGANDA | RESEARCH REPORT | HEALTH PERSONNEL | HOTLINES | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | HIV | AIDS | INFORMATION | HEALTH EDUCATION | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Education
Document Number: 340232

13.

Title: The case of the The Radio Communication Project in Nepal: A culture-centered rejoinder.
Author: Dutta MJ; Basnyat I
Source: Health Education and Behavior. 2008 Aug;35(4):459-460.
Abstract: The authors set out to examine the claim made that the Radio Communication Project in Nepal provided a participatory platform for community members and demonstrated using the culture-centered approach that so-called participatory health education efforts, such as the Radio Communication Project, are not too different from the top-down models of health education in the realm of opportunities of democratic participation of communities. The culture-centered approach interrogates the logic of "success" as defined within the realm of effectiveness of health education programs, and it suggests that we seek out alternative paradigms for constituting and evaluating health education efforts. The goals of the culture-centered approach are to examine the ways in which health education and promotion efforts respond to the needs of the community and the extent to which community members' voices are present within the discursive space; the key element here is the identification of community needs as articulated by the members of the community through the active participation of community members in dialogical platforms where they have opportunities to voice their concerns. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEPAL | PROGRESS REPORT | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | COMMUNITY | COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION | RADIO | HEALTH EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION STRATEGY | CULTURE | AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT | USAID | HIV PREVENTION | VALUE ORIENTATION | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Population | Organization and Administration | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Education | Sociocultural Factors | Rural Development | Economic Factors | Government Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Psychological Factors | Behavior
Document Number: 308270

14.

Title: The radio communication project in Nepal: a culture-centered approach to participation.
Author: Dutta MJ; Basnyat I
Source: Health Education and Behavior. 2008 Aug;35(4):442-454.
Abstract: Considerable research has been conducted on the topic of entertainment-education (EE), the method of using entertainment platforms such as popular music, radio, and television programming to diffuse information, attitudes, and behaviors via role modeling. A significant portion of the recently published EE literature has used the case of the Radio Communication Project (RCP) in Nepal to demonstrate the effectiveness of EE and to argue that EE campaigns can indeed be participatory in nature. In this project, we apply the culture-centered approach to examine the discursive space created by the RCP and its claim of being participatory. A critical examination of RCP discourse brings forth an alternative lens for approaching EE and its participatory claim.
Language: English
Keywords:
NEPAL | RESEARCH REPORT | COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION | EDUCATIONAL METHODS | CULTURE | RADIO PROGRAM | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Organization and Administration | Educational Activities | Education | Sociocultural Factors | Radio | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication
Document Number: 308268

15.

16.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Using telemedicine for termination of pregnancy with mifepristone and misoprostol in settings where there is no access to safe services.
Author: Gomperts RJ; Jelinska K; Davies S; Gemzell-Danielsson K; Kleiverda G
Source: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2008 Aug;115(9):1171-5; discussion 1175-8.
Abstract: Women on Web is a service that uses telemedicine to help women access mifepristone and misoprostol in countries with no safe care for termination of pregnancy (TOP). This study reviews the telemedicine service. After an online consultation, women with an unwanted pregnancy of up to 9 weeks are referred to a doctor. If there are no contraindications, a medical TOP is conducted by mail. After maximising the follow up from 54.8 to 77.6%, 12.6% decided not to do the TOP and 6.8% of the women who did the medical TOP at home needed a vacuum aspiration. Telemedicine can provide an alternative to unsafe TOP. Outcomes of care are in the same range as TOP provided in outpatient settings.
Language: English
Keywords:
NETHERLANDS | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERNET | WOMEN | DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE | HEALTH SERVICES | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION | MISOPROSTOL | RU-486 | HOME CARE | ABORTION | SAFETY | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | Developed Countries | Europe, Western | Europe | Information Networks | Communication | Demographic Factors | Population | Health | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Prostaglandins, Synthetic | Prostaglandins | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology | Hormone Antagonists | Hormones | Care and Support | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Public Health | Program Evaluation
Document Number: 328830 Notification

17.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Determinants of exposure to mass media family planning messages among indigenous people in Bangladesh: A study on the Garo.
Author: Islam MR; Islam MA; Banowary B
Source: Journal of Biosocial Science. 2008 Oct 13;:[9] p.
Abstract: This paper evaluates exposure to mass media family planning (FP) messages among the Garo, an indigenous community in Bangladesh. A sample of 223 currently married Garo women were selected purposively from two districts where most of the Garo population live. The analysis demonstrated that television was the most significant form of mass media to disseminate FP messages among the recipients - more so than radio and newspapers. About 80.6% of the respondents had heard of FP messages through television, while for the radio and newspapers the percentages were 55.3% and 22.7% respectively. The contraceptive prevalence rate is much higher (79.5%) in the study area than the national level (55.8%). A linear logistic regression model was employed to identify the confluence of different demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on mass media FP messages. Regarding exposure to FP messages, four independent variables out of six had significant effects on the exposure to FP messages through any one of the types of media, i.e. radio, television and newspapers. These independent variables were age, level of education, occupation and number of children.
Language: English
Keywords:
BANGLADESH | RESEARCH REPORT | MASS MEDIA | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | COMMUNICATION PROGRAMS | IEC | RADIO | TELEVISION | NEWSPAPERS | CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE | LOGISTIC MODEL | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Communication | Family Planning | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Broadcast Media | Printed Media | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Mathematical Model | Theoretical Models | Research Methodology
Document Number: 328493

18.

Title: Mobile phones: exceptional tools for HIV/AIDS, health, and crisis management [letter]
Author: Lester R; Karanja S
Source: Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2008 Dec;8(12):738-9.
Abstract: The Leading Edge in the August 2008 issue questioned, "Does HIV/AIDS still require an exceptional response" in relation to the potential imbalance of global health-care resources? In the midst of the unchecked and deadly pandemic the answer is yes; especially if local resources are used and management of other endemic health problems can also benefit. Perhaps one of the most promising emerging health systems tools, which can build capacity around the HIV/AIDS response and filter into the global health response, lies increasingly in the palms of our hands. Mobile telephones are reaching people in Africa's cities, towns, villages, and countrysides more rapidly than anywhere else in the world (figure 1). The overlap with the global health-care crisis does not go unnoticed. We previously reported that despite very low incomes, most clients attending two University of Nairobi clinics (serving sex workers and providing HIV services for the general population in Pumwani district) had access to mobile phones and knew how to use them. Surprisingly, mobile phone communication featured in most aspects of patients' personal lives and business, but not their health management. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AFRICA | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | HIV PREVENTION | USER COMPLIANCE | MANAGEMENT | MALARIA | TUBERCULOSIS | COST EFFECTIVENESS | Developing Countries | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Behavior | Organization and Administration | Parasitic Diseases | Infections | Evaluation Indexes | Quantitative Evaluation
Document Number: 329727

19.

Peer Reviewed

Title: SMS STI: a review of the uses of mobile phone text messaging in sexual health.
Author: Lim MS; Hocking JS; Hellard ME; Aitken CK
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS. 2008 May;19(5):287-290.
Abstract: Short messaging service (SMS) (a.k.a. text messaging) is a fast, low cost and popular mode of communication among young people, and these advantages can be used in a variety of ways in the field of sexual health. This paper reviews the current published and grey literature and discusses applications of SMS in sexual health and the evidence base for their effectiveness. Examples of uses of SMS in sexual health include: communication between sexual health clinics and patients, partner notification and contact tracing, contraception reminders and sexual health promotion and education. However, although SMS has been applied in many ways to improve sexual health and there is some evidence of its effectiveness, very few of the applications described in this article have been evaluated. As SMS is likely to become more and more commonly used for sexual health purposes, evaluation of its benefits and effectiveness is essential.
Language: English
Keywords:
AUSTRALIA | LITERATURE REVIEW | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | YOUTH | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | COMMUNICATION STRATEGY | COST EFFECTIVENESS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | NOTIFICATION | CONTACTING CLIENTS | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | PROMOTION | SEX EDUCATION | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | Developed Countries | Oceania | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Evaluation Indexes | Quantitative Evaluation | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Clients | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Contraception | Family Planning | Marketing | Economic Factors | Education | Health
Document Number: 327696

20.

Title: Community participation, cultural discourse, and health education projects in developing areas: the case of the The Radio Communication Project in Nepal.
Author: Linn JG
Source: Health Education and Behavior. 2008 Aug;35(4):455-458.
Abstract: Early entertainment-education programs based on the diffusion of innovation model were relatively unconcerned with community participation. New information and technology in health and agriculture was communicated from one group of elites to another. The indigenous or local elites were the targets for these programs because it was assumed that their education, socioeconomic status, and other resources made them innovators. When a new concept or product from an industrialized donor was transferred to them, they quickly implemented it. Furthermore, it was believed that the innovation would diffuse or "trickle down" to the lower strata of the developing nation, and ultimately everyone would benefit. As social scientists documented the limited benefits in developing societies of top-down education programs, local and international policy makers called for a more participatory approach. When fully implemented, this meant community participation in a health education project's goal formation, method of delivery, and evaluation. Dutta and Basnyat (in press) provide us with an insightful and comprehensive critique of a United States Agency for International Development (USAID) entertainmenteducation program, The Radio Communication Program (RCP) in Nepal, which has been reported to be highly participatory. Despite the contention that this family planning project was built from the "ground up" with the full participation of rural Nepalese, the authors, using a conceptually based critical approach, make a convincing case that the entertainment-education project was in reality a oneway hierarchical project primarily generated by national elites and foreign donors. This analysis is derived from the culture-centered approach to participation, which assumes that community members and health educators are equal contributors to a project, including joint participation in problem definition, goal specification, intervention development, and evaluation. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEPAL | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | COMMUNITY | COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION | RADIO | HEALTH EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION STRATEGY | CULTURE | AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT | USAID | HIV PREVENTION | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Population | Organization and Administration | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Education | Sociocultural Factors | Rural Development | Economic Factors | Government Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases
Document Number: 308269

21.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Information and communications technology for future health systems in developing countries.
Author: Lucas H
Source: Social Science and Medicine. 2008 May;66(10):2122-2132.
Abstract: There has been much discussion of the role that recent advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs) could play in improving health systems in developing countries, but limited independent analysis of existing applications. Combining a case study approach with a general discussion of the issues, this paper attempts to assess the potential benefits of a diverse range of ICT innovations and some of the constraints they will need to overcome. Four broad areas are considered: improvements in traditional health information systems; computer-aided diagnosis and treatment monitoring; a range of applications generically labelled 'telemedicine'; and the use of ICT to inform general populations on health and healthcare. The final section speculates on the possible medium-term impacts of ICT in terms of improving the performance of existing systems, allowing scope for radical innovations, or even changing basic assumptions about the provider-patient relationship. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | RESEARCH REPORT | CRITIQUE | CASE STUDIES | HEALTH PERSONNEL | HEALTH FACILITIES | INFORMATION NETWORKS | INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION | COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND PROGRAMMING | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | TECHNOLOGY | Studies | Research Methodology | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Communication | Information Processing | Information | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Economic Factors
Document Number: 326192

22.

Title: Mobile phone text messaging for pharmaceutical care in a hospital in China.
Author: Mao Y; Zhang Y; Zhai S
Source: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2008;14(8):410-4.
Abstract: We have developed a mobile pharmacy service system (MPSS) to deliver individualized pharmaceutical care via text messages sent to the mobile phones of patients. The text messages were: (1) reminders about medication - from the day following discharge, reminder messages were automatically sent to patients approximately 10 minutes before their medication was due to be taken. The system stopped sending messages when the prescription ran out and suggested that patients should come to hospital to renew any prescribed medicines; (2) practical information about medicines, such as information about methods of administration; (3) information about adverse drug reactions. In a 3-month trial in a general hospital, 100 patients were provided with pharmaceutical care using the MPSS for an average of 3.5 medicines per patient (range 1-9). They received pharmaceutical care for an average of 12 days per patient (range 3-19). A survey was then conducted which indicated that most patients were satisfied with the pharmaceutical care provided by MPSS through text messages, and that they had positive attitudes despite some limitations. The use of the MPSS should improve pharmaceutical care, widen the knowledge of pharmacists, reduce the burden on pharmacy staff, improve pharmacist-patient interaction, and improve the effect and safety of medication.
Language: English
Keywords:
CHINA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | TARGET POPULATION | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | INTERNET | PHARMACY DISTRIBUTION | TIME FACTORS | USER COMPLIANCE | DRUGS | PRESCRIPTIONS | SATISFACTION | SAFETY | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developing Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Program Design | Programs | Organization and Administration | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Information Networks | Nonclinical Distribution | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Psychological Factors | Public Health
Document Number: 330047

23.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Entertainment-education radio serial drama and outcomes related to HIV testing in Botswana.
Author: Pappas-DeLuca KA; Kraft JM; Galavotti C; Warner L; Mooki M; Hastings P; Koppenhaver T; Roels TH; Kilmarx PH
Source: AIDS Education and Prevention. 2008 Dec;20(6):486-503.
Abstract: Makgabaneng is an entertainment-education radio serial drama written and produced in Botswana to promote prevention of HIV. This effort is part of the national response to HIV/AIDS. Broadcast of the serial drama began in August 2001, and two new 15-minute episodes air each week. We examined associations between exposure to Makgabaneng and outcomes related to HIV testing, including stigmatizing attitudes, intention to be tested, talking with a partner about testing, and testing for HIV, among 555 sexually active respondents. The four measures of exposure to Makgabaneng were frequency of listening, duration of listening, talking about the program, and attentiveness to and identification with relevant characters. Data were collected approximately 18 months after the drama began airing. We found positive associations between exposure to the program and intermediate outcomes, including lower level of stigmatizing attitudes, stronger intention to have HIV testing, and talking to a partner about testing. Although associations were identified with all four measures of exposure, increased duration of listening was associated with more positive outcomes than the other measures. This finding suggests that longer term exposure to entertainment-education programming may be important for behavior change.
Language: English
Keywords:
BOTSWANA | RESEARCH REPORT | BEHAVIOR CHANGE | RADIO | EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES | HIV PREVENTION | HIV TESTING | PROGRAM EVALUATION | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Behavior | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Education | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 329759

24.
Title: [Long-distance learning on surgical material sterilization processes] Educacao a distancia em processos de esterilizacao de materiais.
Author: Quelhas MC; Lopes MH; Ropoli EA
Source: Revista Da Escola De Enfermagem Da U S P. 2008 Dec;42(4):697-705.
Abstract: This study had the following goals: describing the development of a distance learning (DL) course on Surgical Material Sterilization Processes, to be given over the Internet; having the course evaluated by specialists in sterilization processes and in DL; describing students' and evaluators' profiles, and to evaluate the students' participation and their opinions about the course. The chosen course environment was TelEduc, and the teaching method was Case-Based Learning. The target population consisted of nurses from the greater Campinas area and other cities of the state of Sao Paulo. Fifty-eight nurses were invited, 14 were enrolled and 11 finished the course. The course was evaluated by specialists before and after its application. In order to evaluate the students' opinion of the course, a Likert questionnaire was used. The Case-Based Learning methodology helped student participation and the course was evaluated positively.
Language: Portuguese
Keywords:
BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | NURSES AND NURSING | STUDENTS | APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | SURGERY | INTERNET | TEACHING MATERIALS | PARTICIPATION | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Education | Technology | Economic Factors | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Information Networks | Social Behavior | Behavior
Document Number: 341432

25.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Migrant women in male-dominated sectors of the labour market: A research agenda.
Author: Raghuram P
Source: Population, Space and Place. 2008;14(1):43-57.
Abstract: There is a growing literature on female labour migration, but much of this focuses on women who move to work in labour-market sectors where a large proportion of workers are women. This paper argues that there has been much less study of women who migrate to work in male-dominated sectors of the labour market, and explores the nature of this lacuna within research on female migration. It then highlights the increasing presence of women migrants in the ICT sector as one example of an area that has received little study. Finally, the paper explores some reasons why a study of female migrant's experiences in male-dominated sectors of the labour market is important, and what it can add to existing research on female migration more generally. In particular, it urges us to view gender as it intersects and overlaps with other social divisions to produce complex landscapes of female mobility. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | RESEARCH PROPOSAL | EVALUATION | MIGRANTS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | LABOR MIGRATION | SEX DISCRIMINATION | GENDER ISSUES | MALE ROLE | SEX FACTORS | INFORMATION SERVICES | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | EMPLOYMENT | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Social Discrimination | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior | Population Characteristics | Information | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Macroeconomic Factors
Document Number: 323245

26.

Title: Young people work to promote gender equality in Brazil.
Author: Ricardo C; Fonseca V
Source: Exchange on HIV / AIDS, Sexuality and Gender. 2008;(4):13-15.
Abstract: Gender is central to understanding vulnerabilities of young people, particularly in terms of sexuality and health in Brazil. Rigid ideas and expectations of how men and women should behave and relate to each other underlie rates of HIV and sexually transmitted infections transmission, contraceptive use patterns, physical violence (against women and between men) and a variety of other health and social issues. Entre Nos ("Between Us") is an innovative multi-media campaign to engage Brazilian youth in critical reflections on rigid ideas about gender and how they influence their lives and relationships. The campaign was developed and implemented by Promundo, a Brazilian NGO based in Rio de Janeiro, and a group of young women and men peer educators known as JPEG (the acronym in Portuguese for Youth for Gender-Equity). Entre Nos' flagship is a radio-based soap opera about a young couple, Beto and Jessica, and their friends. The radio provided a low-cost alternative medium, both for production and dissemination (as opposed to television, or street theatre, for example). Entre Nos campaign is part of Promundo's efforts to promote gender equity and health among the youth. In 2008, the campaign started collaborating with the Education Secretariats and schools in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Bahia in Brazil to adapt and integrate Entre Nos and Programmes H and M into the public education sector. The two-year process will provide the opportunity to reach thousands of youth on a sustained basis with messages about more equitable and more empowered ways of living together. It will also offer valuable lessons learned and recommendations to inform subsequent scale-up efforts of gender-transformative programming for youth in Brazil and other settings. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
BRAZIL | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | PEER EDUCATORS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | GENDER RELATIONS | MALE ROLE | SEX DISCRIMINATION | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | RADIO PROGRAM | CAMPAIGNS | Developing Countries | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Education | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Gender Issues | Social Behavior | Behavior | Social Discrimination | Social Problems | Contraception | Family Planning | Domestic Violence | Crime | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Radio | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Communication Programs
Document Number: 323163

27.

Title: Communication for better health.
Author: Salem RM; Bernstein J; Sullivan TM; Lande R
Source: Population Reports. Series J: Family Planning Programs. 2008 Jan;(56):1-27.
Abstract: This issue of Population Reports can help managers of family planning and reproductive health programs to: advocate inclusion of BCC in family planning programs, a crucial element that has had a low cost for each new contraceptive user; learn how to apply theories of behavior to help choose the most appropriate BCC strategies and messages; learn the key factors contributing to effective BCC programs; oversee the steps in planning, carrying out, and monitoring and evaluating a BCC program; make sure that monitoring and evaluation collect information that helps guide the program; compare and assess different approaches to developing capacity for BCC programming and to scaling up BCC activities. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
EGYPT | ETHIOPIA | SUMMARY REPORT | BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | FAMILY PLANNING | RADIO PROGRAM | MONITORING | PROGRAM ACTIVITIES | EVALUATION | COMMUNICATION STRATEGY | MASS MEDIA | PLANNING | PARTICIPATION | SOCIAL CHANGE | Developing Countries | Africa, North | Africa | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Behavior Change | Behavior | Communication Programs | Communication | Health | Radio | Broadcast Media | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Behavior | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 324697

28.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Radio role models for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and HIV testing among pregnant women in Botswana.
Author: Sebert Kuhlmann AK; Kraft JM; Galavotti C; Creek TL; Mooki M; Ntumy R
Source: Health Promotion International. 2008 Sep;23(3):260-8.
Abstract: Although Botswana supports a program for the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV (PMTCT), many women initially did not take advantage of the program. Using data from a 2003 survey of 504 pregnant and post-partum women, we assessed associations between exposure to a long-running radio serial drama that encourages use of the PMTCT program and HIV testing during pregnancy. Controlling for demographic, pregnancy and other variables, women who spontaneously named a PMTCT character in the serial drama as their favorite character were nearly twice as likely to test for HIV during pregnancy as those who did not. Additionally, multiparity, knowing a pregnant woman taking AZT, having a partner who tested, higher education and PMTCT knowledge were associated with HIV testing during pregnancy. Identification with characters in the radio serial drama is associated with testing during pregnancy. Coupled with other supporting elements, serial dramas could contribute to HIV prevention, treatment and care initiatives.
Language: English
Keywords:
BOTSWANA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | PREGNANT WOMEN | INFANT | SEXUAL PARTNERS | HIV PREVENTION | PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION | HIV TESTING | RADIO PROGRAM | DRAMA AND THEATER | SOAP OPERA | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | KNOWLEDGE | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Youth | Age Factors | Sex Behavior | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Disease Transmission Control | Prevention and Control | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Radio | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Culture | Sociocultural Factors | HIV
Document Number: 328837

29.

Title: The use of information and communications technology for health service delivery in Namibia: perspectives of the health service providers.
Author: Shivute MI; Maumbe BM; Owei VT
Source: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2008;14(6):285-9.
Abstract: We surveyed health service providers in Namibia to find out how they used information and communication technologies (ICTs) to deliver health services to their patients. A structured questionnaire was administered to 21 health service providers in two regions of the country (one urban, one rural). There was overwhelming consensus among the health service providers that ICTs were very important, especially for medical services (100%). Ninety-one percent of health service providers viewed ICT as helping them to interact with other providers in other health institutions. The most commonly used ICT was the telephone, which was used in the admission areas of most health institutions (36%); the next most commonly used ICT was the PC (23%). The most commonly used channels for communication with patients were the telephone followed by TV. Some of the problems common to all health institutions in Namibia were poor budgetary resources and lack of basic infrastructure such as electricity or telephone lines. There is a need to promote ICT use for health service delivery and also to stimulate patients to use ICT to access health services and relevant information.
Language: English
Keywords:
NAMIBIA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS | COMPUTERS | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | TECHNOLOGY | DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE | PERCEPTION | ATTITUDES | INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION | COMMUNICATION | CLIENT-STAFF RELATIONS | TELEVISION | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Health | Data Storage and Retrieval | Information Processing | Information | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Economic Factors | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Interpersonal Relations
Document Number: 329340

30.

Title: Keeping children in school: A review of open education policies in Lesotho and Malawi.
Author: Yates C
Source: London, United Kingdom, University of London, Institute of Education, Department of Education and International Development, SOFIE, 2008. 22 p. (SOFIE Opening Up Access Series No. 5)
Abstract: This paper looks at the situation of out of school children in Lesotho and Malawi in the context of HIV/AIDS and the role that open and distance and flexible learning might come to play in the future. It provides a brief consideration of scale and nature of exclusion, before moving on to look at some of the recent history of theories of inclusion and exclusion. The paper then provides a review of government policies in Lesotho and Malawi with respect to improving access to, and equity through, education for out of school youth particularly in the areas of non formal education, information and communication technologies, and HIV/AIDS. The paper concludes by reflecting on what the review points to, in relation to some of the questions being posed by the research project. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
LESOTHO | MALAWI | RESEARCH REPORT | THEORETICAL MODELS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | OUT-OF-SCHOOL YOUTHS | DISTANCE EDUCATION | SOCIAL POLICY | EDUCATION | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | INEQUALITIES | HIV INFECTIONS | TELECOMMUNICATIONS | INTERNET | AIDS | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Research Methodology | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Educational Status | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Policy |