1. ![]() Title: What if: How declines in teen births have improved poverty and child well-being in Wyoming. Author: National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy Source: Washington, D.C., National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, 2005 Apr. 3 p. Abstract: Years of research have closely linked teen pregnancy and early childbearing to a host of other critical social issues, including overall child health and well-being, out-of-wedlock births, educational attainment and workforce readiness, responsible fatherhood, and poverty in particular -- especially child poverty. For example, young children born to a mother who is a teenager, is not married, and did not finish high school are nine times more likely to be poor than children born to mothers without these three risk factors. Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing cost taxpayers at least $7 billion annually and place a serious economic burden on schools and on health, welfare and social service systems. The U.S. teen birth rate declined by 30 percent between 1991 and 2002--a significant decrease that has made major contributions to American communities. Illustrating this very point, the U.S. Congress' Joint Economic Committee completed an analysis in April 2004 that the National Campaign in turn summarized. The congressional study posed an intriguing question: if the nation's teen birth rate had remained at its 1991 level through 2002 (rather than decreasing as it did), how many more children would have been born to teen mothers and to single mothers, and what would have been the effect on poverty and on the living arrangements of children? Findings included the following: if teen birth rates had not declined nationally by 30 percent during that time, there would have been an additional 1.2 million more children born to teen mothers, approximately 460,000 additional children in poverty and almost 700,000 more children living with a single mother. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | WYOMING | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | CHILD HEALTH | POVERTY | CAMPAIGNS | FERTILITY DECLINE | BIRTH RATE | ONE PARENT FAMILY | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Health | Economic Factors | Communication Programs | Communication | Fertility Changes | Fertility Measurements | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 307006   |
| 2. Title: State facts about abortion: Wyoming. Author: Alan Guttmacher Institute [AGI] Source: New York, New York, AGI, 2003. 3 p. (State Facts about Abortion) Abstract: This article presents background information about the frequency of abortion in the United States, followed by statistics on abortion frequency, abortion services, and restrictions on abortion for the United States as a whole and Wyoming specifically. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | WYOMING | PAMPHLETS | ADULTS | WOMEN | ABORTION | PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY, UNWANTED | PREGNANCY OUTCOMES | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | HEALTH FACILITIES | ABORTION LAW | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Printed Media | Mass Media | Communication | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Reproduction | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Contraception | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 175618   Notification |
3. ![]() Title: Contraception counts: Wyoming. Author: Alan Guttmacher Institute [AGI] Source: New York, New York, AGI, 2002 Jun. [2] p. (Contraception Counts) Abstract: This article summarizes, for the state of Wyoming, the following points: pregnancy outcomes in Wyoming; teen pregnancy outcomes in Wyoming; women at need for contraceptive services and supplies; availability of family planning services; and impact of subsidized services. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | WYOMING | PAMPHLETS | CONTRACEPTION | LOW INCOME POPULATION | WOMEN | ADULTS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY OUTCOMES | PREGNANCY, UNPLANNED | HEALTH SERVICES | NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES | FAMILY PLANNING | NEEDS | PUBLIC ASSISTANCE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Printed Media | Mass Media | Communication | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Demographic Factors | Population | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Adolescents | Youth | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Reproduction | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Government Financing | Financial Activities Document Number: 175722   |
| 4. Title: Consequences of population change for retail/wholesale sector employment in the nonmetropolitan Great Plains: 1950-1996. Author: Adamchak DJ; Bloomquist LE; Bausman K; Qureshi R Source: RURAL SOCIOLOGY. 1999 Mar;64(1):92-112. Abstract: This study examined the relationship between population decline in 438 counties and local retail and wholesale (R/W) sectors during 1950-90 in the nonmetropolitan Great Plains states of North and South Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Colorado. The focus was on the impact of population change in a region where the R/W trade sector has been a major source of employment for nonmetropolitan residents post-1945. Population declined over the long term. Analysis was based on economic restructuring views and central place theory. Data were obtained from the Censuses of Population (1950-90) and from the County and City Data Books (1947-94). The choice of few control variables was based on Lieberson's (1985) methods. Analysis included tests for multicollinearity. Findings are reported for counties adjacent to a metro area (AM), urban nonadjacent (UN) counties, and rural nonadjacent (RN) counties. Findings indicate that the 1980s had the greatest population loss (84% of counties), despite the population increases of the 1970s. AM counties followed the regional pattern. UN counties followed the regional pattern only in recent decades. RN counties lost population throughout the period and had the greatest percentage of counties losing population. Population change had a positive significant effect on R/W employment throughout the period and in all types of counties. Trade became more concentrated in larger, more diverse, and fewer trade centers, especially in UN counties. Gains occurred in the 1990s. Four anomalies were identified. Findings support the work of Drabenstott and Smith (1996). Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH DAKOTA | SOUTH DAKOTA | MONTANA | WYOMING | NEBRASKA | OKLAHOMA | NEW MEXICO | COLORADO | RESEARCH REPORT | NONMETROPOLITAN POPULATION | POPULATION DECREASE | COMMERCIAL SECTOR | URBANIZATION | LABOR FORCE | EMPLOYMENT | DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACT | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Dynamics | Commerce | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Urban Population Distribution | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Human Resources Document Number: 142219   |
| 5. Title: An Act to amend Title 16, Delaware Code, relating to notification of fire fighters, ambulance attendants, emergency medical technicians, correctional officers, law enforcement officers, and other personnel of exposure to contagious or infectious disease or virus disease or virus [20 July 1992]. Author: United States. Delaware Source: STATE SESSION LAWS. 1992;:1292-4. Chapter 415. Abstract: This Act adds to the Delaware Code a new Chapter 12A, which allows an emergency care provider to request notification concerning exposure to a communicable disease if the exposure is of a manner known to transmit a communicable disease. After a request is made, the medical facility receiving the patient with respect to whom the request is made shall notify the provider if it obtains information from the patient's records or a finding of the facility indicates that the patient is infected with a communicable disease. The provider shall be given information relating to the disease, treatment of the disease, and counseling, and the facility shall provide the Division of Public Health with information on the request and on whether the patient is infected. On 17 March 1992, the state of Wyoming enacted legislation authorizing a health care provider who has received information documenting the exposure of a health care worker to blood or body fluids of a patient to order testing to be done on a specimen of the patient. If a specimen is not available, the provider may, with the patient's consent order testing; the provider may apply for a court order for testing if the patient does not consent. See Session Laws of Wyoming, 1992, Chapter 75, pp. 436-7. On 27 April 1992, the state of Iowa enacted legislation requiring hospitals and health care facilities to adopt procedures applicable to health care providers determined to be infected with HIV or HBV who ordinarily perform exposure-prone procedures. In the case of hospitals, the procedures may include referral of the provider to an expert panel to determine whether the provider can perform exposure-prone procedures. Health care facilities must make such a referral. Licensees of state medical groups shall be required to comply with recommendations for preventing transmission of HIV and HBV during exposure-prone invasive procedures. See Iowa Acts, 1992, Chapter 1145, pp. 217-218. On 6 April 1992, the state of Minnesota enacted legislation to include within the definition of emergency medical services personnel persons who render emergency care or assistance at the scene of a crime. Such personnel are already authorized to obtain HIV or HBV test results. See Laws of Minnesota, 1992, Chapter 425, p. 141. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | IOWA | WYOMING | DELAWARE | MINNESOTA | LAWS AND STATUTES | HEALTH PERSONNEL | HEALTH SERVICES | HOSPITALS | TESTING | COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL | HIV PREVENTION | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Health Facilities | Measurement | Research Methodology | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases Document Number: 087262   |
| 6. Title: Chapter 247 of the Laws of 1989, 9 March 1989. Author: United States. Wyoming Source: ANNUAL REVIEW OF POPULATION LAW. 1989;16:45, 333-4. From: Wyoming Statutes, Chapter 35-6-118. Abstract: This document contains major provisions of a 1989 law passed by Wyoming requiring parental notification before an abortion can be performed upon a minor. Written notice is to be given to at least one parent or guardian at least 48 hours before the abortion and is to be delivered by the minor, the physician, an agent, or by certified mail. In addition, the physician must secure the written consent of at least one parent or guardian and the minor (no one shall require a minor to submit to an abortion against her wishes). These notification and consent requirements can be overruled by court order, and the provisions and conditions for such an action are set forth. The notification and consent requirements are also waived in an emergency medical situation. If a person performs an abortion while knowingly violating these provisions, they shall be charged with a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than $1000 and/or imprisonment of not more than a year. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | WYOMING | LAWS AND STATUTES | ABORTION LAW | ABORTION | PARENTAL CONSENT | PARENTS | NOTIFICATION | MINORS | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population Document Number: 078479   Notification |
| 7. Title: Accounting for migration in cohort-component projections of state and local populations. Author: Smith SK Source: Demography. 1986 Feb;23(1):127-35. Abstract: 3 different models of migration for cohort-component projections are developed, each using a different base, i.e., denominator, for migration rates. These models are used to produce 3 sets of population projections for a number of states in the US, using identical data and assumptions for each, except for the different formulations of migration rates. The differences in the resulting projections are analyzed, and several conclusions are drawn about the construction of migration rates for use in cohort-component population projections. A number of different approaches can be taken when projecting migration in cohort-component projection models. This study considers three. Model I uses gross inmigration and outmigration rates for each age group. The outmigration rates are based on the population of the state being projected. The inmigration rates are based on the population of the rest of the US. Model II uses the same gross inmigration and outmigration data as Model I but combines them to form net migration data. Age-specific net migration rates are made by dividing the net migration numbers by the state population in each age group. Model III also uses net migration data by age but calculates age-specific net migration rates by using the US population as a base, rather than the population of the state being projected. Projections were made from 1980 to 2030 for each of the 10 states covered -- Nevada, Wyoming, Arizona, Florida, New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Arkansas, Kentucky, Montana. For rapidly growing states, large differences among the 3 migration models are apparent. Model I produced the lowest population projections and Model II produced the highest. The differences were huge. For the 2 most rapidly growing states (Nevada and Wyoming), the Model II projections were twice as large as the Model I projections by 2010 and 4 times as large by 2030. For Arizona, the Model II projections were almost 50% larger by 2010, more than twice as large by 2030. Even for Florida, a large state with a considerably lower growth rate than the other three, the Model II projection was more than 50% larger than the Model I projection by 2030. Model III projections were also uniformly higher than Model I projections but not nearly as high as Model II projections. Large differences among the migration models also can be found for the slow growing states. Of the 2 net migration models covered by this study, Model III appears to be a better model for rapidly growing areas and Model II for slowly growing or declining areas. If it is accepted that Model I is superior to either Model II or Model III, this provides additional evidence that Model III provides more realistic projections for rapidly growing areas than Model II, while for slowly growing areas the opposite is the case. Language: English Keywords: NEVADA | WYOMING | ARIZONA | FLORIDA | NEW YORK | MASSACHUSETTS | PENNSYLVANIA | ARKANSAS | KENTUCKY | MONTANA | THEORETICAL MODELS | POPULATION PROJECTION | MIGRATION | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | POPULATION GROWTH | Americas | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Estimation Techniques | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population Document Number: 034557   |
| 8. Title: Wyoming: 1982 population estimates and 1981 per capita income estimates for counties and incorporated places. Author: United States. Bureau of the Census Source: Current Population Reports, Series P-26: Federal-State Cooperative Program for Population Estimates. 1984 Sep;(82-50-SC):1-8. Abstract: Language: English Keywords: POPULATION SIZE | INCOME DISTRIBUTION | WYOMING | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | STATISTICS | URBAN POPULATION | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Income | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics Document Number: 206229   |
| 9. Title: Going away to roost. Author: Happel SK; Hogan TD; Sullivan DA Source: American Demographics. 1984 Jun;6(6):32-35, 44-45. Abstract: Language: English Keywords: TEMPORARY MIGRATION | SEASONAL VARIATION | OLDER ADULTS | RETIREMENT | INCOME | LIFE STYLE | FLORIDA | CALIFORNIA | ARIZONA | TEXAS | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH DAKOTA | SOUTH DAKOTA | WYOMING | MONTANA | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Adults | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Employment Status | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Behavior | Developed Countries | North America | Americas Document Number: 207087   |
| 10. Title: Interaction between the socio-demographic variables of physicians and their patients: its impact upon patient satisfaction. Author: Murphy-Cullen CL; Larsen LC Source: Social Science and Medicine. 1984;19(2):163-6. Abstract: The relationship of patient satisfaction to physician gender, age, marital and parental status, ethnic background, levels of training, and demonstrated cognitive skills, i.e., an in-training assessment test score, were investigated. All patients who came for care at the family practice residency center within a 3-week period of time were included in the study. Physicians included in the study were 19 female and male family practice residents. Subjects were stratified to determine if patient variables of age, education, gender, ethnic background, employment status, diagnosis, and if they were seeing their regular doctor impacted on their satisfaction with physician care. Patients were contacted via letter 5 days following their clinic appointment. Patients who failed to return the questionnaire within 5 days were contacted via telephone to ask if they had further questions or if they had misplaced the form and would like another form sent. Patients who still had the form were encouraged to mail it that day. Physician cognitive skills were assessed by the American Board of Family Practice In-Training Assessment Form. Patient satisfaction with care was assessed by a questionnaire developed by DiMatteo and Hays. Of 730 questionnaires sent during the 3-week study period, 217 patients returned a completed questionnaire. As anticipated, patients who returned the questionnaire were of higher educational level in comparison to the no return group. Significant differences between groups did not occur regarding patient gender, age, ethnic background, employment status, if they had seen this particular doctor before, if medication was prescribed, and diagnosis. Physicians who were 30 or younger scored higher than those over 30 on subscales regarding general satisfaction, perception of affective behavior, and patient's perception of physician technical competence. Physicians at a lower level of training scored higher on the subscale of patient general satisfaction. If the physician did not prescribe medication, he/she scored higher on general satisfaction, on the patient perception of the physician as having communicated sufficient information to them, on the patient perception of affective behavior, and patient perception of technical competence. If the physician had seen this patient before, he/she scored higher on patient general satisfaction, patient perception of the physician as having communicated sufficient information to them, and patient perception of affective behavior. Language: English Keywords: WYOMING | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | SURVEYS | PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONS | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | COMMUNICATION | IEC | SATISFACTION | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | BEHAVIOR | AGE FACTORS | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | ETHNIC GROUPS | SEX FACTORS | Developed Countries | Americas | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Cultural Background Document Number: 048236   |
| 11. Title: Rocky Mountain highs. Author: Russell C Source: American Demographics. 1982 Jun;4(6):24-7, 44. Abstract: Results from the 1980 U.S. census are used to analyze population trends for states in the Rocky Mountain area during the 1970s. The data show that these states experienced much more rapid population growth than the rest of the country. Trends in age structure, households by type and size, and housing values are also considered. (ANNOTATION) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS | POPULATION GROWTH | AGE DISTRIBUTION CHANGES | HOUSEHOLDS | CHANGES | ARIZONA | COLORADO | IDAHO | MONTANA | NEVADA | NEW MEXICO | UTAH | WYOMING | HOUSING | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Population | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Age Distribution | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Family and Household | Social Change | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution Document Number: 207022   |
| 12. Title: Wyoming Author: U.S. Bureau of the Census Washington, D.C., United States Source: Advance reports. Final population and housing unit counts. In: 1980 census of population and housing. U.S. Bureau of the Census Washington, D.C., United States, 1981. (PHC80-V-52)8 p. Abstract: Language: English Keywords: GOVERNMENT PUBLICATION | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | WYOMING | CENSUS | POPULATION STATISTICS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Research Methodology Document Number: 212420   |
| 13. Title: Reactions and adjustments to divorce: differences in the experiences of males and females. Author: Albrecht SL Source: Family Relations. 1980 Jan;29(1):59-68. Abstract: Divorce rates in the United States have increased significantly in recent years, and the trend shows no tendency toward reversal. Consequently, an increasing number of persons is going to confront the problems associated with adjusting to the termination of a marriage. Past research on divorce adjustment has concentrated primarily on female subjects. In this analysis, the divorce experiences of males are compared with those of females for a sample of 500 ever-divorced persons from eight Rocky Mountain states. Contrary to some early suggestions, the experiences of males and females are quite different, particularly in such areas as stress associated with the divorce, property settlements, changes in social participation, and effects on income. (author's) Language: English Keywords: DIVORCE | SEX FACTORS | STRESS | OWNERSHIP | INCOME | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | SAMPLING STUDIES | SOCIAL BEHAVIOR | ARIZONA | COLORADO | IDAHO | MONTANA | NEW MEXICO | NEVADA | UTAH | WYOMING | Nuptiality | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology Document Number: 207201   |
| 14. Title: The National Inventory of Family Planning Services: 1975 survey results. Author: United States. National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS] Source: Rockville, Maryland, DHEW, April 1978. (PHS 1000-Series 14-No. 19) 32 p. Abstract: The National Inventory of Family Planning Services 1975 survey of U.S. family planning sites that provide medical and nonmedical services, whether federally funded or not, and whether provided to the public at large or to a special segment of the population, has collected and made available data on the demographic and institutional characteristics of these sites. Information is tabulated and presented in several categories: 1) geographic and regional distributions of the medical and nonmedical service sites; 2) physical location where family planning services are provided on a regularly scheduled basis; 3) agency, institution, or body with operating responsibility; 4) primary purpose; 5) number of patients, new patients, and visits; 6) medical services provided; 7) ancillary services available; and 8) contraceptive methods provided. This included 4660 medical providers and 2574 nonmedical providers. Appendix information comprises survey methodology, definition of terms and geographical areas, and the Annual Survey Questionnaire. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS, NEW | GOVERNMENT PUBLICATION | STATISTICS | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSISSIPPI | MISSOURI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | AMERICAN SAMOA | GUAM | PUERTO RICO | UNITED STATES VIRGIN ISLANDS | HOSPITALS | PHYSICIAN'S OFFICE | MOBILE HEALTH UNITS | PUBLIC SECTOR | PRIVATE SECTOR | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | IUD | VAGINAL FOAM | VAGINAL GEL | VAGINAL DIAPHRAGM | RHYTHM METHOD, CALENDAR | FEMALE STERILIZATION | MALE STERILIZATION | COUNSELING | SEX EDUCATION | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Family Planning | Programs | Organization and Administration | Research Methodology | North America | Latin America | Developing Countries | Oceania | Caribbean | Health Facilities | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Vaginal Spermicides | Vaginal Barrier Methods | Barrier Methods | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Sterilization, Sexual | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Education Document Number: 782366   |
| 15. Title: Epidemic neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and use of a phenolic disinfectant detergent. Author: WYSOWSKI DK; FLYNT JW; GOLDFIELD M; ALTMAN R; DAVIS AT Source: Pediatrics. 1978 Feb;61(2):165-170. Abstract: 2 epidemic iatrogenic outbreaks of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, 1 in Wyoming and 1 in New Jersey, both followed cleaning of nursery and bassinets with a phenolic disinfectant detergent. From March-April 1972, 9 neonates in a New Jersey hospital received exchange transfusions for idiopathic hyperbilirubinemia. 5 infants who had peak bilirubin concentrations from 23.9-42 mg/100 ml were treated within a 36-hour period. The increase in exchange transfusions coincided with the time that the nursing staff increased the concentrations of phenolic disinfectant detergent used for cleaning the nursery and mattresses. Preceding the cluster of cases in April, they had vigorously cleaned the nursery with the detergent. After use of the compound was discontinued, the epidemic of hyperbilirubinemia discontinued. These findings are similar to those reported by a Wyoming hospital in 1975 in which idiopathic hyperbilirubinemia developed in 10 (18.5%) of 54 newborn infants; 2 received exchange transfusions. The same phenolic compound had been used in excessive concentrations to clean incubators and bassinets. In addition, nursery ventilation was inadequate. When use of the detergent was discontinued and ventilation improved, the epidemic ceased. These 2 reports suggest a causal association between use of excessive concentrations of this phenolic detergent and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Language: English Keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | WYOMING | NEW JERSEY | BILIRUBINEMIA | HOSPITALS | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS | Research Methodology | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Hemic System | Physiology | Biology | Health Facilities | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 783876   |
| 16. Title: Family planning funds increased tenfold since FY 1971 while staff remained constant. Source: Family Planning/Population Reporter. 1977 Oct;6(5): 62-65. Abstract: State health and welfare agencies administered about $126 million in family planning funds in FY 1976, a 10-fold increase over FY 1971, with little increase in staff. Although family planning personnel in health agencies increased from 85 to 147, staff in welfare agencies decreased from 9 to 7 and part-time professional staff was just over 300 in both years, according to the Alan Guttmacher Institute's 6th annual survey of family planning services. In FY 1976 family planning funds came through 5 separate Federal programs. 1/3 of all funding was concentrated in California, Georgia, Louisiana, and Tennessee and nearly 40% of the increase came in these states. California spent $20.2 million. Louisiana was next with $7.9 million. The largest source of funds was Title 10, providing some $45.2 million to 37 state health agencies. Title 5 grant funds provided $20.2 million to 43 states and the District of Columbia. Title 20 contracts totaled $18.7 million in 19 states and general health agency funds of $6 million in 5 states. Wyoming reported it neither received nor spent any family planning funds. Use of family planning services paralleled funds received. Tables show levels of funding in each state, staff levels, and state welfare agency planning funds in 1971 and 1976. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | PUBLIC SECTOR | FUNDS | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSISSIPPI | MISSOURI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Financial Activities | Family Planning | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 772906   |
| 17. Title: Illinois, Massachusetts: governors veto restrictions on state funds for abortion. Source: Family Planning/Population Reporter. 1977 Oct;6(5): 57-59. Abstract: Within a 24-hour period Governor James R. Thompson (Republican) of Illinois and Governor Michael S. Dukakis (Democrat) of Massachusetts vetoed bills which would have prohibited use of state funds to pay for abortion unless the woman's life were in danger. Since the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that neither the Constitution nor federal law requires states to pay Medicaid benefits for nonherapeutic abortions, many states have adopted similar restrictive policies. As of September 25, 1977, a total of 30 states had discontinued payment for abortion while 13 of the remaining 20 have committed themselves to continuing abortion payments. For fiscal year 1976 about 261,000-274,000 poor women received abortions paid for at least in part by federal or state funds. The total public expense was $60 million. 75% of these abortions were in California, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New YOrk, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas. 3 of these states have cut off public funding. The average cost of a nonpublic abortion is $280, which is $42 more than the average monthly welfare payment for an entire family. It, thus seems unlikely that poor women will be able to afford abortion. Language: English Keywords: ILLINOIS | MASSACHUSETTS | ABORTION | FUNDS | LAWS AND STATUTES | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSISSIPPI | MISSOURI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Financial Activities | Economic Factors Document Number: 772907   Notification |
| 18. Title: Some factors related to contraceptive behavior among Wind River Shoshone and Arapahoe females. Author: HAYNES TL Source: Human Organization. 1977 Spring;36(1):72-76. Abstract: During the summer of 1972 in-depth interviews were conducted with 96 Shoshone and Arapahoe Indian women living on the Wind River Reservation in Central Wyoming. All were aged 15-49 and were users of the reservation health service. It was found the women fell into 4 groups: current contraceptive users, 42.7%; pregnant or seeking to become pregnant, 10.4%; infertile due to menopause or sterilization, 18.8%; and fertile never-users, 28.1%. The contraceptive users tended to be older, married, and have as many children as they want. The fertile never-users tended to be in their teens and generally unmarried. When asked why they did not use contraception their answer was ''because I am not married.'' It is suggested that general education on contraception be provided the younger women so that when they achieve desired family size they will be informed as to family planning methods. It was found that religious belief against contraception was important to the young never-users, but not to the women who had completed their families. In fact, 73% of the users said their religion, which most identified as Roman Catholicism, had no influence on their contraceptive use while 27% said they were aware of church disapproval but used contraception anyway. Language: English Keywords: SURVEYS | WYOMING | NATIVE AMERICANS | CONTRACEPTION | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | AGE FACTORS | RELIGION | MARITAL STATUS | PARITY | RESEARCH REPORT | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ANTHROPOLOGY, CULTURAL | ATTITUDES | FAMILY PLANNING SURVEYS | NONACCEPTOR CHARACTERISTICS | SURVEY METHODOLOGY | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTOR CHARACTERISTICS | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Ethnic Groups | Cultural Background | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Planning | Nuptiality | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Anthropology | Social Sciences | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Nonacceptors | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning Acceptors Document Number: 771661   |
| 19. Title: The Court, the Congress, and the President: turning back the clock on the pregnant poor. Author: LINCOLN R; DORING-BRADLEY B; LINDHEIM BL; COTTERILL M Source: Family Planning Perspectives. September/October 1977;9(5):207-214. Abstract: The effect of recent U.S. Court decisions and of executive, congressional, and state actions will be to cut off public funds for abortion services. This impact will fall most severely on the poor, especially black, teenage, unwed, and rural poor. Charts are presented which show the disproportion among states of abortion availability and expenditure. A virtual cutoff of public abortion funds will affect the estimated 300,000 poor women annually who receive Medicaid-funded abortions, the 150,000 other low-income women whose abortions are subsidized by clinics or hospitals, and the estimated 424,000 needy women unable to obtain abortion services because of Medicaid restrictions or inaccessibility. More than 3 million Medicaid-eligible women of reproductive age are at risk of unwanted pregnancy. Teenage illegitimacy and unwanted pregnancies will certainly rise, as will pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality. The final result of these recent decisions and actions will be soaring public expenditures for health and welfare payments. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ABORTION | LOW INCOME POPULATION | LEGISLATION | TITLE 19 MEDICAL ASSISTANCE | CRITIQUE | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSOURI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | LAWS AND STATUTES | FUNDS | ETHNIC GROUPS | MATERNAL MORTALITY | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Public Assistance | Government Financing | Financial Activities | Cultural Background | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Mortality | Population Dynamics Document Number: 772841   Notification |
| 20. Title: The nurse practitioner in family planning services: law and practice. Author: ROEMER R Source: Family Planning/Population Reporter. 1977 Jun;6(3): 28-34. Abstract: Before 1971, when Idaho became the 1st state to authorize expanded scope of functions for registered nurses, nearly all states made it illegal for any nurse to perform diagnosis or prescribe treatment, creating an ambiguity as more and more nurses were equipped by education and technology to perform new tasks. Today 30 states have liberalized the scope of nursing functions, making it possible for nurses and nurse-midwives to assume, among other tasks, family planning functions. A table gives the status of legislation and regulations governing nurse practitioners and nurse-midwives in each state. The area of greatest controversy is the prescription of oral contraceptives. In some states it is allowed under doctor's supervision or in rural areas or in areas where clear need exists for a nurse to dispense such medication. Usually this dispensing is limited to a single course of treatment. Nurse-midwives are rapidly being accepted as extensions of scarce medical facilities. Generally nurse-midwives are authorized to provide prenatal and postpartum care, to handle normal deliveries, and do family planning work including fitting diaphragms and inserting and removing IUDs. An innovation is the family planning nurse practitioner. Several courses for such practitioners have been set up across the U.S. Graduates may, with medical direction, perform bimanual pelvic examinations and breast examinations, take blood pressure, prescribe contraception, fit diaphragms, insert IUDs, examine vaginal secretions microscopically, and refer patients with problems to physicians. In a California program both registered and nonregistered nurses are being trained as women's health specialists who may make routine examinations in both pregnant and nonpregnant women and give family planning advice. Non-RN family planning specialists being trained include licensed vocational nurses, baccalaureate degree holders in nonnursing fields, and qualified persons with less formal education. The 24-week course was authorized under a California State Department of Health demonstration program. While there may be serious concern that nurse-practitioners or other trained personnel may be used in place of physicians in poor neighborhoods and rural areas, others feel that use of such personnel will help make family planning and well-baby services more generally available and conserve valuable physician time for those cases which need greater skill and training. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NURSES AND NURSING | LAWS AND STATUTES | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSOURI | MISSISSIPPI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | MIDWIVES AND MIDWIFERY | FAMILY PLANNING PERSONNEL | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning Document Number: 771459   |
| 21. Title: Legal abortion in the United States, 1975-1976. Author: SULLIVAN E; TIETZE C; DRYFOOS JG Source: Family Planning Perspectives. May-June 1977;9(3):116-117, 121, 124-129. Abstract: A nationwide survey conducted by The Alan Guttmacher Institute shows that more than 1 million legal abortions were reported in the U.S. during 1975 and more than 1.1 million are estimated to have been performed in 1976. States varied greatly in the numbers performed. Legal abortion seems to be the most frequently performed surgical procedure in the nation. The number performed annually is rising. Figures are given for all states and comparisons made with rates in other countries. There has been a concentration of services among relatively few providers, mainly clinics, in larger cities, indicating the failure of hospitals to provide abortions. Public hospitals are less likely than private hospitals to provide abortion services, thus discriminating against young, poor, and rural women. The entire need for abortion is still not being met adequately by the nation's health facilities. Language: English Keywords: SURVEYS | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ABORTION | INCIDENCE | CLINICS | HOSPITALS | ABORTION RATE | EVALUATION REPORT | SUMMARY REPORT | STATISTICS | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSISSIPPI | MISSOURI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Measurement | Health Facilities | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Evaluation Document Number: 771081   Notification |
| 22. Title: Reported number of legal abortions, abortion ratios, and abortion rates, by state of occurrence, 1974. Source: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 24(54): 37. August 1976. Abstract: A table of the reported legal abortions, live births, ratio of abortions per 1000 live births, and rate of abortions per 1000 females in the 15-44 age group in the 50 states and the District of Columbia and New York City is reported. The table indicates a total of 763,476 reported legal abortions and a total of 3,103,458 reported live births for the year 1974. The total number of women in the 15-44 age range for the year was 46,230,975. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ABORTION | STATISTICS | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSISSIPPI | MISSOURI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Research Methodology Document Number: 761576   Notification |
| 23. Title: Organized family planning services in the United States: FY 1975. Author: Alan Guttmacher Institute [AGI] Source: Family Planning Perspectives. November-December 1976;8(6):269-274. Abstract: In the U.S., an estimated 10,000,000 low and marginal income women were at risk of unwanted pregnancy in FY 1975; of these 34% received services from organized family planning programs. Private physicians served 20%, and 46% did not receive them from either medical source. Of the total of 3,800,000 women provided with family planning services, 42% were served by health departments, 25% by Planned Parenthood affiliates, and all the other agencies each served 17%. Amost all patients obtained services in metropolitan area clinics. Pills, IUDs, and sterilization were chosen by 80% of new patients. Prior to enrollment, 1/3 had used no contraception, 1/6 used less effective, mostly nonprescription methods. Of those patients under 20, 1/2 had used no method before enrollment. Many patients are nulliparous, 48% of the total and 70% of those younger than 20. Patient load increased 16% over the previous year. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS | LOW INCOME POPULATION | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | RESEARCH REPORT | STATISTICS | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | DELAWARE | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSISSIPPI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | RHODE ISLAND | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | AGE FACTORS | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS CHOSEN | CLIENTS | GRANTS | NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES | PHYSICIAN'S OFFICE | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTOR CHARACTERISTICS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Family Planning | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Program Activities | Financial Activities | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Health Facilities Document Number: 762969   |
| 24. Title: Abortion surveillance 1974. Author: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE Source: Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia. 1976 Apr;:49. Abstract: The purpose of this abortion surveillance is to document the number and characteristics of women obtaining abortion in the U.S. and to eliminate preventable mortality and morbidity related to abortion. The most current data available to the Center for Disease Control for the years 1969-1974 are used. Provided are: 1) demographic and epidemiologic data on legal abortions in 1974; 2) trends in the practice of legal abortion from 1972 to 1974; 3) abortion related mortality data for the 3-year period 1972-1974, including types of procedures, death to case rates, and causes of death; and 4) rates of abortion morbidity derived from the Center's 4 year multicenter study of abortion complications. Additionally, 2 important abortion studies are summarized. It was learned that in 1974 the 50 states and the District of Columbia reported 763,476 legal abortions to the Center, a 24% increase over the 1973 figure. There was nearly 1 legal abortion for every 4 live births in 1974, and the national abortion rate increased from 14 to to 17 abortions per 1000 women aged 15-44. 1974 was the 1st year in which all 50 states and the District of Columbia reported that abortion services had been performed within their boundaries. 87% of women undergoing abortions in 1974 did so in their own state in contrast to 75% in 1973 and 56% in 1972. Women obtaining legal abortion in 1974 tended to be young, white, unmarried, of low parity, and early in pregnancy at the time of the abortion. Suction curretage was used in 77% of all procedures performed in 1974. Deaths related to abortion continued to decline in 1974 although at a slower rate. Preliminary analysis of morbidity from 80,437 abortions performed in 32 institutions from 1971 through 1975 revealed that major complication rates had decreased since the 1st multicenter study was conducted during 1970 and 1971. Language: English Keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ABORTION | INCIDENCE | GOVERNMENT PUBLICATION | ALABAMA | ALASKA | ARIZONA | ARKANSAS | CALIFORNIA | COLORADO | CONNECTICUT | FLORIDA | GEORGIA (UNITED STATES) | HAWAII | IDAHO | ILLINOIS | INDIANA | IOWA | KANSAS | KENTUCKY | LOUISIANA | MAINE | MARYLAND | DELAWARE | MASSACHUSETTS | MICHIGAN | MINNESOTA | MISSISSIPPI | MISSOURI | MONTANA | NEBRASKA | NEVADA | NEW HAMPSHIRE | NEW JERSEY | NEW MEXICO | NEW YORK | NORTH CAROLINA | NORTH DAKOTA | OHIO | OKLAHOMA | OREGON | PENNSYLVANIA | SOUTH CAROLINA | SOUTH DAKOTA | RHODE ISLAND | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | UTAH | VERMONT | VIRGINIA | WASHINGTON | WEST VIRGINIA | WISCONSIN | WYOMING | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | MORTALITY | BLEEDING | INFECTIONS | |