1.  Peer Reviewed Title: A Mixed Methods Evaluation of the Effect of the Protect and Respect Intervention on the Condom Use and Disclosure Practices of Women Living with HIV/AIDS. Author: Teti M; Bowleg L; Cole R; Lloyd L; Rubinstein S; Spencer S; Aaron E; Ricksecker A; Berhane Z; Gold M Source: AIDS and Behavior. 2009 Apr 9; Abstract: This mixed methods study evaluated the efficacy of an intervention to increase HIV status disclosure and condom use among 184 women living with HIV/AIDS (WLH/A). Participants were recruited from an HIV clinic and randomly assigned to: (1) a comparison group, who received brief messages from their health care providers (HCPs), or; (2) an intervention group, who received messages from HCPs, a group-level intervention, and peer-led support groups. Participants completed risk surveys at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 18-months. Quantitative analyses using hierarchical generalized linear models within a repeated measures framework indicated that intervention participants had significantly higher odds of reporting condom use with sexual partners in months 6 and 18. Grounded Theory-based qualitative analyses suggested that the opportunity to discuss the social context of their lives in addition to HIV/AIDS, including continued stigma and fear related to disclosure, are also essential components of a prevention strategy for WLH/A. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | THEORETICAL MODELS | CASE CONTROL STUDIES | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | WOMEN | PEER EDUCATORS | WOMEN'S GROUPS | SEXUAL PARTNERS | CONDOM USE | PARTNER COMMUNICATION | HIV PREVENTION | STIGMA | FEAR | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Risk Reduction Behavior | Interpersonal Relations | Social Problems | Emotions | Psychological Factors Document Number: 331003 |
| 2. Peer Reviewed Title: Micro-credit, women's groups, control of own money: HIV-related negotiation among partnered Dominican women. Author: Ashburn K; Kerrigan D; Sweat M Source: AIDS and Behavior. 2008 May;12(3):396-403. Abstract: A sample of 356 members of women's groups, aged 18-49, in the Dominican Republic were interviewed by trained female interviewers. Data among 273 partnered women were analyzed. The dependent variable, a measure of HIV-related negotiation, was examined for associations with control of own money, level of women's group participation, and ever having received a loan through a micro-credit program. Findings suggest control of own money to be significantly associated with HIV-related negotiation. Ever having received a loan and level of women's group participation, however, were not significantly associated with HIV-related negotiation. Empowerment measured as control of own money may influence HIV protective behavior among partnered women in this setting. (author's) Language: English Keywords: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERVIEWS | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | WOMEN'S GROUPS | MICROENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT | HIV PREVENTION | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | PARTNER COMMUNICATION | FEMALE ROLE | INEQUALITIES | Developing Countries | Caribbean | Americas | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Interpersonal Relations | Behavior | Social Behavior Document Number: 325821 |
| 3. Title: Prospects for feminism in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Author: Barlow R; Akbarzadeh S Source: Human Rights Quarterly. 2008;30:21-40. Abstract: There is a stark contrast between the level of Iranian women's social and political engagement and what the conservative regime prescribes. The gap between the reality of women's participation in public life and their restricted legal status has emboldened women's groups to campaign for legal reforms. But the Iranian regime has adopted an uncompromising position in relation to such demands. This is seen as an existential matter for the state. As a result, the Islamic regime has adopted a highly intolerant and repressive approach to women's groups. This is most evident in relation to secular-oriented feminists, such as the Nobel Prize Laureate Shirin Ebadi, driving a wedge between the latter and the more religiously-oriented feminists. (author's) Language: English Keywords: IRAN | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | GOVERNMENT | ISLAM | FEMINISM | POLITICAL FACTORS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | LEGISLATION | WOMEN'S STATUS | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | Developing Countries | Middle East | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Interest Groups | Sociocultural Factors | Religion | Socioeconomic Factors | Human Rights Document Number: 324454 |
| 4. Title: Measuring the benefits of health promotion programmes: Application of the contingent valuation method. Author: Borghi J; Jan S Source: Health Policy. 2008 Aug;87(2):235-248. Abstract: Economic evaluation of health promotion programmes presents well documented challenges. These programmes often generate significant non-health benefits which are typically ignored within economic evaluation. This study explored the use of the contingent valuation (CV) method to value the broader benefits of a women's group programme to improve maternal and newborn health in Nepal. Interviews were conducted with 93 women's group members, 70 women non-members and 33 men. Respondents were asked to give reasons for their willingness-to-pay (WTP) in terms of health and/or non-health benefits. WTP was regressed against socio-economic and demographic variables using ordinary least squares. Seventy eight percent of respondents were willing-to-pay for the women's groups. There was no significant difference between the WTP of women's group members compared to female non-members. Men were willing-to-pay significantly more than women. WTP reflected non-health benefits in over 80% of cases. At least 11% of women attending meetings and 38% of those not attending were WTP for altruistic motives. Future research should address the relative value of non-health compared to health benefits; and motivations behind non-user values and their consistency across settings. (author's) Language: English Keywords: NEPAL | RESEARCH REPORT | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | INTERVIEWS | WOMEN'S GROUPS | MATERNAL HEALTH | INFANT HEALTH | PROGRAM EFFICIENCY | PROGRAM EVALUATION | ECONOMIC FACTORS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health | Child Health | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 327491 |
| 5. Title: The violence against women campaigns in Latin America: new feminist alliances. Author: Cole S; Phillips L Source: Feminist Criminology. 2008 Apr;3(2):145-168. Abstract: This article urges caution in reading the backlash against gender-sensitive policies as a global phenomenon. Drawing inspiration from Latin America, the authors consider how international agreements for nation-states to adopt measures to prevent violence against women have been taken up in proactive ways through the collaboration of international organizations, national governments, and expanding and evolving women's movements. The push for the development of democratic citizenship in Latin America has opened up possibilities for bringing awareness of violence against women to a public that is in the process of engaging with a range of social justice issues and collaborating on multiple fronts. The authors argue that strategic coalitions across difference have been central to the success of the efforts to combat violence against women. They show how new feminist alliances have not only helped denormalize and deprivatize gender violence but revitalized feminist issues as part of a broad front to build progressive societies. (author's) Language: English Keywords: LATIN AMERICA | BRAZIL | ECUADOR | CRITIQUE | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | POLICY DEVELOPMENT | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | GENDER ISSUES | FEMINISM | SOCIAL CHANGE | SOCIAL MOBILIZATION | Americas | Developing Countries | South America, Eastern | South America | South America, Western | Domestic Violence | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Planning | Organization and Administration | Political Factors | Programs | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Interest Groups Document Number: 307972 |
| 6. Title: Sexuality of women attended in family health program: a social poetic production. Author: Gomes ME; Silveira LC; Petit SH; Brasileiro GM; Almeida AN Source: Revista Latino - Americana De Enfermagem. 2008 May-Jun;16(3):382-8. Abstract: The concept of promotion of health is one of the main axes of current health policies in Brazil. The adoption of this concept implies a change in the care model involving valuing a greater autonomy of subjects to work improving their conditions of life. From this perspective, several elements of health practices have to be reviewed, sexuality among them. Thus, we aimed at producing sexuality concepts as of the knowledge of women cared for in a health unity. This is a qualitative study adopting a social poetic approach. The results pointed out several affections that involve the concept of sexuality going beyond the biological aspect. We understand that this study may help professionals caring for women in a health unity because it broadens the concept of sexuality allowing for reflection on the nursing practice in collective health. Language: EnglishPortugueseSpanish Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | PROMOTION | WOMEN'S HEALTH | SEXUALITY | POETRY | WORKSHOPS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | Developing Countries | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Marketing | Health | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Culture | Education | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors Document Number: 329001 |
7.  Title: The vulnerability of 'self-help': Women and microfinance in south India. Author: Kalpana K Source: Brighton, United Kingdom, University of Sussex, Institute of Development Studies, 2008 Apr. 44 p. (IDS Working Paper No. 303) Abstract: Self-help groups (SHGs) play a major role in providing microfinance in India. But they do not work alone. State institutions are also a big part of the microfinance landscape. They promote and finance SHGs, and also interact directly with them. This paper considers how this kind of 'institutionalised co-production' in service delivery works in practice. The research shows that the relationships are not symmetrical. When they seek access to bank credit, women's groups are in a dependent relationship, and are subject to, and tarnished by, the institutional imperatives, systemic corruption and political compulsions that shape the behaviour of rural development bureaucracies and banks. Part of the problem lies in a legacy of bank staff mistrusting borrowers due to arrears from previous credit granted under a different set of public schemes. Banks still try to recover old loans, and sometimes grant new loans to womens' SHGs conditional on repayments by their male relatives. Women consider the ways in which bank officials assess credit-worthiness of SHGs as sometimes being discriminatory and suggestive of caste-profiling. Since banks, as institutions, are not very sensitive to the realities of their SHG borrowers, the quality of the relationship often depends on the attitude of the bank's branch manager. Success in accessing loans is often contingent on how SHGs, bank staff, government officers and non-government organisations collude to subvert the official objective of the loan programme - enterprise-promotion. Manufacturing evidence about non-existent enterprises involves substantial costs and risks for SHGs. Providing financial services in rural India is now a profitable venture and is attracting private financing institutions, including transnational banks. It is suggested that we need to enquire further into the power dynamics that underlie relationships between the poor people using the financial services and their providers. Language: English Keywords: INDIA | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | RURAL POPULATION | MICROECONOMIC FACTORS | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | GOVERNMENT FINANCING | POLITICAL FACTORS | DEVELOPMENT POLICY | CASTE | INCENTIVES | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | WOMEN'S STATUS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Interest Groups | Sociocultural Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Organization and Administration | Financial Activities | Policy | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors Document Number: 327745 |
| 8. Peer Reviewed Title: Process and effects of a community intervention on malaria in rural Burkina Faso: Randomized controlled trial. Author: Kouyate B; Some F; Jahn A; Coulibaly B; Eriksen J Source: Malaria Journal. 2008 Mar 25;7:50. Abstract: In the rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa, the majority of young children affected by malaria have no access to formal health services. Home treatment through mothers of febrile children supported by mother groups and local health workers has the potential to reduce malaria morbidity and mortality. A cluster-randomized controlled effectiveness trial was implemented from 2002-2004 in a malaria endemic area of rural Burkina Faso. Six and seven villages were randomly assigned to the intervention and control arms respectively. Febrile children from intervention villages were treated with chloroquine (CQ) by their mothers, supported by local women group leaders. CQ was regularly supplied through a revolving fund from local health centres. The trial was evaluated through two cross-sectional surveys at baseline and after two years of intervention. The primary endpoint of the study was the proportion of moderate to severe anaemia in children aged 6-59 months. For assessment of the development of drug efficacy over time, an in vivo CQ efficacy study was nested into the trial. The study is registered under www.controlled.trials.com (ISRCTN 34104704). The intervention was shown to be feasible under program conditions and a total of 1.076 children and 999 children were evaluated at baseline and follow-up time points respectively. Self-reported CQ treatment of fever episodes at home as well as referrals to health centres increased over the study period. At follow-up, CQ was detected in the blood of high proportions of intervention and control children. Compared to baseline findings, the prevalence of anaemia (29% vs 16%, p less than 0.0001) and malaria parameters such as prevalence of P. falciparum parasitaemia, fever and palpable spleens was lower at follow-up but there were no differences between the intervention and control group. CQ efficacy decreased over the study period but this was not associated with the intervention. The decreasing prevalence of malaria morbidity including anaemia over the study period can be explained by an overall increase of malaria prevention and treatment activities in the study area. The lack of effectiveness of the intervention was likely caused by contamination, preexisting differences in the coverage of malaria treatment in both study groups and an unexpectedly rapid increase of resistance against CQ, the first-line treatment drug at the time of the study. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BURKINA FASO | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL TRIALS | RURAL POPULATION | COMMUNITY | CHILDREN | WOMEN'S GROUPS | MALARIA | COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES | LEADERSHIP | DRUGS | TREATMENT | ANEMIA | PREVALENCE | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Clinical Research | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Youth | Age Factors | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Parasitic Diseases | Diseases | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Organization and Administration | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Measurement Document Number: 325597 |
| 9. Title: A case study of women's education within the Moroccan development model. Author: Marrakchi NL Source: Journal of North African Studies. 2008 Mar;13(1):55-73. Abstract: This paper examines the current efforts being made in Morocco in the field of women's education and evaluates the success of the Moroccan Development Model in the field of women's education by examining the topic through three lenses: international aid agencies, Moroccan government and royal efforts and the Moroccan Women's Movement. Consideration of the historical, religious and economic frameworks for each actor maintains priority within the study as a means of evaluating the progress made to date, the current status of women's education and the long-term goals and timeframes. The findings within this paper are primarily based on UN statistics, ratings, and definitions as well as other reputable sources such as the World Bank. Sources used include magazine articles, websites, academic journals and papers, and sociological, political and anthropological books on Morocco and women. It must be noted that this evaluation focuses on Anglophone and Francophone sources only and does not consider Arabophone sources. (author's) Language: English Keywords: MOROCCO | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES | GOVERNMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | EDUCATION | LITERACY | GENDER ISSUES | INEQUALITIES | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | Africa, North | Africa | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Interest Groups | Educational Status | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Human Rights Document Number: 323794 |
| 10. Title: Can microcredit help improve the health of poor women? Some findings from a cross-sectional study in Kerala, India. Author: Mohindra KS; Haddad S; Narayana D Source: International Journal for Equity in Health. 2008 Jan 10;7(2):[30] p. Abstract: This study examines associations between female participation in a microcredit program in India, known as self help groups (SHGs), and women's health in the south Indian state of Kerala. Because SHGs do not have a formal health program, this provides a unique opportunity to assess whether SHG participation influences women's health via the social determinants of health. This cross-sectional study used special survey data collected in 2003 from one Panchayat (territorial decentralized unit). Information was collected on women's characteristics, health determinants (exclusion to health care, exposure to health risks, decision-making agency), and health achievements (self assessed health, markers of mental health). The study sample included 928 non elderly poor women. The primary finding is that compared to non-participants living in a household without a SHG member, the odds of facing exclusion is significantly lower among early joiners, women who were members for more than 2 years (OR=0.58, CI=0.41-0.80), late joiners, members for 2 years and less (OR=0.60, CI=0.39-0.94), and non-participants who live in a household with a SHG member (OR=0.53, CI=0.32-0.90). We also found that after controlling for key women's characteristics, early joiners of a SHG are less likely to report emotional stress and poor life satisfaction compared to non-members (OR=0.52, CI=0.30-0.93; OR=0.32, CI=0.14-0.71). No associations were found between SHG participation and self assessed health or exposure to health risks. The relationship between SHG participation and decision-making agency is unclear. Microcredit is not a panacea, but could help to improve the health of poor women by addressing certain issues relevant to the context. In Kerala, SHG participation can help protect poor women against exclusion to health care and possibly aid in promoting their mental health. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | WOMEN | POVERTY | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WOMEN'S HEALTH | MICROENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT | INCOME GENERATION PROGRAMS | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Economic Development | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health | Programs | Organization and Administration | Program Evaluation Document Number: 308633 |
| 11. Title: International Community of Women Living with HIV / AIDS (ICW): Monitoring access to treatment and care, sexual and reproductive health and rights and violence against women 'by and for' HIV positive women. Author: Orza L Source: In: Making aid more effective: Promoting better monitoring and tracking of gender equality in HIV and AIDS responses, edited by Robert Carr. New York, New York, United Nations Development Fund for Women [UNIFEM], 2008. :33-39. Abstract: Most available national and international level monitoring and reporting tools are gender blind, or at best gender neutral, and do not draw particular attention to the priorities of women or assess positive improvement in the lives of women in general, or HIV-positive women in particular. The Positive Women Monitoring Change (PWMC) tool intends to explore the realities of HIV-positive women's lives, including young HIV-positive women (aged 18-30), whose voices are consistently left unheard in decision making fora, and whose rights, concerns and needs both differ from those of older women and are usually overlooked. The tool intends to provide a platform for the voices of other marginalized women too, such as disabled women and sex workers. Thus the first part of the tool looks at positive women's knowledge and awareness of rights and issues that concern them in the three areas mentioned above (ACTS, sexual and reproductive health rights, and violence against women), but also their lived experiences of putting or attempting to put that knowledge into practice, and the challenges that they face in doing so. The second part of the tool looks at the experiences and attitudes of service providers working in the three areas. This part explores the strengths and weaknesses of available services, and also considers the constraints and barriers service providers themselves face in providing quality care and support in resource poor, remote and under-prioritized settings. Women can use the first part of the tool to cross-check information they receive from service providers. The third part of the tool takes the survey to government level, where it can be used to hold governments and ministries to account on their promises, to advocate for priority issues using evidence from both HIV-positive women and service providers, as well as to monitor the progress of government commitments. More recently, and in view of experiences in using it in various situations, the PWMC tool has been further developed into a package including information sheets, position briefings and a training curriculum. (Excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | SUMMARY REPORT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | MONITORING | CARE AND SUPPORT | TREATMENT | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | ADVOCACY | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Evaluation | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Human Rights | Domestic Violence | Crime | Social Problems | Communication Document Number: 331403 |
| 12. Title: Empowering married young women and improving their sexual and reproductive health: effects of the First-time Parents Project. Author: Santhya KG; Haberland N; Das A; Lakhani A; Ram F; Sinha RK; Ram U; Mohanty SK Source: New Delhi, India, Population Council, 2008. 68 p. Abstract: A growing body of evidence from India and other countries shows that the situation and needs of married adolescent girls and young women are different from both that of unmarried adolescent girls and married adult women, posing distinct programme challenges. For example, given the pressure to initiate childbearing soon after marriage in India, married young women are far more likely to experience regular sexual relations, less likely to use condoms and less likely to refuse sex than are unmarried sexually active adolescents or adult women. This places married young women at higher risk than unmarried sexually active adolescents of acquiring sexually transmitted infections and, among those under 16, at higher risk than married adult women of experiencing obstetric complications associated with early childbearing. Moreover, married young women are socially and economically more disadvantaged than their unmarried peers and married adult counterparts. For example, married adolescents are far less likely than older married women to report involvement in decision-making pertaining to their own lives, access to economic resources or mobility within and outside the marital village. These differences call for specific strategies to meet the special needs of married adolescent girls and young women. While recent policies and programmes have recognised the special needs of married adolescents and young women, their effective implementation has been handicapped by the lack of evidence on the kinds of intervention models that are feasible and effective in improving the situation of this group. In this background, the Population Council, in partnership with Child In Need Institute (CINI) in Kolkata, Deepak Charitable Trust (DCT) in Vadodara and International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, initiated an intervention project, the First-time Parents Project. The project aimed to develop and test an integrated package of health and social interventions to improve married young women's reproductive and sexual health knowledge and practices, increase their ability to act in their own interest and expand their social support networks. The project was formulated on the hypothesis that the periods immediately following marriage and surrounding the first pregnancy and birth, though periods of substantial vulnerability, offer a unique and powerful entry point for improving the situation of married young women. This report describes the First-time Parents Project and examines the extent to which the intervention improved the social and reproductive health situation of married young women. Specifically, the report assesses the extent to which exposure to the intervention influenced young women's agency and social support networks; knowledge of key reproductive health issues; reproductive health behaviours, including the use of contraceptives to delay pregnancy and the use of appropriate pregnancy-related health services; and partner communication and support. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | PROGRESS REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CURRENTLY MARRIED | YOUTH | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | MOTHERS | RURAL POPULATION | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES | SOCIAL MOBILIZATION | FIRST BIRTH | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Marital Status | Nuptiality | Demographic Factors | Population | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Parents | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Health | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Social Change | Pregnancy History | Fertility Measurements | Fertility | Population Dynamics Document Number: 328279 |
| 13. Title: Preliminary report on characteristics of women participating in the meeting of the Oral Contraceptive Pill Members Club at Siriraj Hospital. Author: Thamkhantho M; Jivasak-Apimas S; Chiravacharadej G; Inthawong J; Butrpetch K Source: Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 2008 Jun;91(6):781-786. Abstract: Oral Contraceptive (OC) services are not frequented a lot in Siriraj Hospital. Therefore, the OC services initiated the Siriraj OC Members Club to increase the number of OC users, develop a 'one-stop service' clinic and a 'help line' to assist women in coping with the side effects during OC use, and provide proper information. Hospital personnel who worked at Sirriaj Hospital were informed about the program of the Siriraj OC Members Club by posters, leaflets, hospital website, and word of mouth. Those who registered as members participated in the half-day meeting of the program. Questionnaire assessment was distributed to all members who attended the meeting. The average age of participants was 31.4 years. The lowest education level was secondary school and the highest was doctorate. Most married members have used at least one kind of contraceptive method. OC's and condoms were the most common contraceptive method used in the past. Their source for obtaining OC was drug stores. In general, most women had had irritability and depression. Almost all women expected to have more information about advantages and disadvantages of OC use to cope with fear and side effects of OC use. The conclusion was that women who attended the meeting still need accurate and full information about the OC's. This program proposed to provide them with up-to-date and correct information about the OC. Furthermore, the one-stop-service will save their time and the help-line will assist them to cope with the side effects of OC use. (Author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTOR CHARACTERISTICS | INTERNET | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, SIDE EFFECTS | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | AGE FACTORS | PHARMACY DISTRIBUTION | CONTRACEPTIVE DISTRIBUTION | FEAR | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Information Networks | Communication | Contraceptive Safety | Safety | Public Health | Health | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Nonclinical Distribution | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Emotions | Psychological Factors | Behavior Document Number: 327453 |
| 14. Title: Establishing support groups for HIV-infected women: using experiences to develop guiding principles for project implementation. Author: Visser MJ; Mundell JP Source: SAHARA J. 2008 Jul;5(2):65-73. Abstract: HIV-infected women need support to deal with their diagnosis as well as with the stigma attached to HIV. As part of their practical training, Master's-level psychology students negotiated with the staff of four clinics in townships in Tshwane, South Africa, to establish support groups for HIV+ women and offered to assist them in facilitating the groups. This study aimed to understand why the implementation of groups was successful in one clinic and not other clinics. The student reports on their experiences and interaction with clinic staff and clients were used as sources of data. Using qualitative data analysis, different dynamics and factors that could affect project implementation were identified in each clinic. The socio-ecological and systems theories were used to understand implementation processes and obstacles in implementation. The metaphor of building a bridge over a gorge was used to describe the different phases in and obstacles to the implementation of the intervention. Valuable lessons were learnt, resulting in the development of guiding principles for the implementation of support groups in community settings. Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | THEORETICAL MODELS | OPERATIONS RESEARCH | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | SUPPORT GROUPS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | SYSTEMS ANALYSIS | IMPLEMENTATION | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | PROGRAM EVALUATION | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Programs | Organization and Administration | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Social Networks | Friends and Relatives | Family and Household | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Behavior Document Number: 329228 |
| 15. Title: World YWCA leaders and the UN decade for women. Author: Garner K Source: Journal of International Women's Studies. 2007 Nov;9(1):212-233. Abstract: This essay analyzes the contributions of three Young Women's Christian Association leaders who chaired the nongovernmental organization forum planning committees during the UN Decade for Women (1975-1985). It assesses the effectiveness of their leadership and addresses questions of distribution and uses of power within women's international NGOs and in relationship to the global feminist community. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | UN | ORGANIZATIONS | WOMEN | WOMEN'S GROUPS | LEADERSHIP | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | FEMINISM | CHRISTIANITY | International Agencies | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Demographic Factors | Population | Interest Groups | Organization and Administration | Religion Document Number: 323855 |
| 16. Title: "Rights to stop the wrong": Cultural change and collective mobilization -- the case of Kolkata sex workers. Author: Gooptu N; Bandyopadhyay N Source: Oxford Development Studies. 2007 Sep;35(3):251-272. Abstract: In the past decade-and-a-half, sex workers in Kolkata (India) red-light districts have involved themselves in a STD-HIV health project and, at the same time, formed an autonomous organization to protest against exploitation and to challenge social norms that ostracize them. This paper examines how this marginalized group, who previously saw themselves as socially alienated victims, came to reinvent themselves as social actors, endowed with a sense of collective rights and capacity. The analytical focus is on the transformation of the worldview and self-perception of sex workers, and on the specific aspects of the development intervention that facilitated this transition. The following elements were found to be most significant: (a) the establishment of an egalitarian organizational culture in the health project; (b) the introduction of a dialogic educational programme; and (c) the development of a culture of political activism among sex workers, animated by a notion of their right to protest against injustice and inequality. The study draws attention to the change of attitudes and identity as the key factor propelling the engagement of the socially excluded and the poor in development processes and public action. By analysing this largely neglected theme in development literature, this paper contributes to debates on the question of participation from a hitherto under-explored perspective. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | SEX WORKERS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | CULTURE | SOCIAL CHANGE | ADVOCACY | INEQUALITIES | SELF-PERCEPTION | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Research Methodology | Sex Behavior | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Communication | Socioeconomic Factors | Perception | Psychological Factors Document Number: 321429 |
| 17. Title: Violence against women and children [letter] Author: Gupta V; Goel A; Bhoi S Source: Lancet. 2007 Jan 6;369(9555):24. Abstract: Your Editorial on violence against women and children is timely and thought-provoking. It is pleasing that the UN report you discuss coincides with implementation of a new law against domestic violence in India. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 20053 came into force on Oct 26, 2006. The array of cases reported nationwide within a week of its implementation underscores the long-felt need for such legislation. This stringent act clearly defines and recognises domestic violence for the first time and promises to provide comprehensive attention to actual abuse or the threat of abuse whether physical, sexual, verbal, emotional, or economical. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | LEGISLATION | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | TREATIES | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Crime | Social Problems | Interest Groups | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors Document Number: 310745 |
| 18. Title: Sudanese women acting to end sexual violence. Author: Hashim FA Source: Forced Migration Review. 2007 Jan;(27):44. Abstract: The UN and the African Union must do more to insist that the Government of Sudan create an enabling environment to report, investigate and prosecute cases of violence against women. Militarisation and long-standing armed conflicts in many regions have deeply affected the daily lives of Sudanese women, most recently and tragically in Darfur. Fundamentalist interpretations of sharia law are used to control women and are given as reason for not ratifying the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). When it was established in May 2004 the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) - the only external military force in Darfur - was charged with monitoring the cease-fire agreement signed between parties at conflict to deter uncontrolled armed groups from committing hostile acts against civilians. AMIS public reporting has focused on breaches of the cease-fire, including attacks on civilians, but has failed to integrate gender issues. AMIS has conspicuously failed toprevent widespread rape and sexual violence. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: SUDAN | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS | WAR | RAPE | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | WOMEN'S GROUPS | LEGISLATION | REFUGEE CAMPS | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | Developing Countries | Africa, Northern | Africa | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Settlement and Resettlement | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Crime | Social Problems | Interest Groups | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Diseases Document Number: 313189 |
| 19. Title: From mother to mother: A peer mentor program to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV in South Africa offers much needed support. Author: Khan H; Baek C; Mathambo V; Mkhize S; Friedman I Source: Horizons Report. 2007 Jun;:2-5. Abstract: In South Africa most PMTCT services are offered through government-supported health facilities that provide rapid HIV testing at the first prenatal care visit and Nevirapine for women in labor and for infants after delivery. The facilities are now scaling up to provide dual treatment with AZT and Nevirapine for pregnant women and infant testing for HIV at six weeks of age using HIV DNA PCR tests. However, despite the availability of services, the reality is that for many women, adhering to the recommendations is hindered by fear of stigma, lack of information, and little time for overworked health providers to offer counselling and support services. In addition, there is weak follow-up in the postpartum period, which means many women and children do not get all the services they need. While anecdotal information suggested that mothers2mothers (m2m) fills an important gap in service provision, the program had not been formally evaluated until now. To determine whether it improved the psychosocial well-being and behaviors of women living with HIV, and increased the uptake of PMTCT services, the Horizons Program, in collaboration with Health Systems Trust, conducted an evaluation of the program in 2006. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | CRITIQUE | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | MOTHERS | PREGNANCY | HIV | VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING | HIV TESTING | WOMEN'S GROUPS | HEALTH EDUCATION | MATERNAL HEALTH | EVALUATION | PROGRAM ACTIVITIES | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Persons Living With HIV/AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Parents | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Reproduction | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Education | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 320165 |
| 20. Title: Neo-liberal globalization in the Philippines: Its impact on Filipino women and their forms of resistance. Author: Lindio-McGovern L Source: Journal of Developing Societies. 2007;23(1-2):15-35. Abstract: This article argues that neo-liberal globalization is not a neutral process. Using the Philippines as a case in point, it shows that neo-liberal policies have exacerbated poverty especially within already marginalized communities, and especially among women, while benefiting transnational capital and wealthier nations. Consequently, neo-liberal globalization has engendered conflict and resistance both on the home front and across national borders. The politics of GABRIELA, the militant women's movement organization in the Philippines, and Migrante International, a coalition of Filipino migrant organizations overseas, are examined. Both organizations challenge neo-liberal globalization in the Philippines. The nation-state is implicated in the implementation of neo-liberal policies and in the politics of resistance. In the former, the state plays an instrumentalist role; in the latter, the state is a target for transformation and is called upon to take the side of those who are harmed by globalization. (author's) Language: English Keywords: PHILIPPINES | CRITIQUE | CASE STUDIES | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | GOVERNMENT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | MACROECONOMIC FACTORS | WOMEN'S STATUS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | POVERTY | ECONOMIC POLICY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Organizations | Socioeconomic Factors | Policy Document Number: 320680 |
| 21. Title: Women's centres: spaces of empowerment in Darfur. Author: Lowry C Source: Forced Migration Review. 2007 Jan;(27):[1] p. Abstract: Survivors of sexual assault need emotional support, safe and private spaces for healing and access to resources, information and networks. The International Rescue Committee (IRC) operates ten Women's Centres in Darfur to try to meet their needs. These Centres - in South, North and West Darfur - allow women to access the resources, support and referral processes vital for survivors of sexual violence. In situations where rape is used as a weapon of war, the actual experience of rape and other forms of sexual violence is one that is shared collectively. Women are often attacked in groups. Yet without recognised and accessible safe spaces - environments where disclosure and sharing are encouraged and facilitated - survivors will often not talk about their collective experience of violation. The Women's Centres try to create an environment where survivors feel welcome and safe. As women share their individual stories, the barriers to seeking assistance - shame, fear of being ostracised, fear of beingsingled out - break down as women realise that they are not alone in their experience. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: SUDAN | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WAR | RAPE | EMERGENCY SERVICES | CLINICS | TREATMENT | Developing Countries | Africa, North | Africa | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Crime | Social Problems | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Health Facilities | Medical Procedures | Medicine Document Number: 313188 |
| 22. Title: Women's rights in a global context. Author: McLaren MA Source: Journal of Developing Societies. 2007;23(1-2):159-173. Abstract: The classical liberal theories of rights overemphasize individual autonomy. Feminists from a variety of approaches criticize this individualistic model. Other feminists argue that rights discourse is essential to help end discrimination against women. However, these proponents of international women's rights too often focus on legal and political rights at the expense of economic rights. In a global context it is important to recognize the interconnections between different kinds of rights. A case study of the cooperative organization Marketplace/SHARE illustrates the importance of economic empowerment to the overall goal of advancing the cause of women's rights and equality. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CRITIQUE | RECOMMENDATIONS | CASE STUDIES | KAP SURVEYS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | MACROECONOMIC FACTORS | ECONOMIC POLICY | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | FEMINISM | SEX DISCRIMINATION | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | COOPERATIVES | Asia, Southern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Interest Groups | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Social Discrimination | Social Problems | Human Rights | Organizations Document Number: 320685 |
| 23. Title: Gathering women in the postcolonial pacific region. Author: McPhillips K Source: Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion. 2007 Spring;23(1):117-120. Abstract: As I am writing this editorial in December 2006, thinking about how best to describe recent scholarship and local activism in the field of feminist studies in religion in the Pacific region, there has just been another military coup in Fiji, and island residents are preparing themselves for further violence and social chaos. The prime minister, installed six years ago by the Fijian military, has been forced to step down. While the situation surrounding this coup is historically, socially, and economically specific to Fiji, decolonization struggles have characterized the current political situation across the Pacific Ocean. The Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, and Tonga have all been engaged in-often deadly and violent-economic and political power struggles, most intensely in the past six years. These four countries account for 92 percent of the region's population and almost 99 percent of its land mass. Such struggles take place against growing global economic agendas and in the shadow of Australia's enormous power in the Pacific region. The situation is tricky. Australia provides economic aid to these small nations and commands a good deal of political and economic clout. In Fiji, the police commissioner is Australian. And Australian military forces have been sent to a number of Pacific nations, including the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea, to assist in dealing with the social chaos and violence that political instability fosters. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: OCEANIA | CRITIQUE | WOMEN'S GROUPS | FEMINISM | COLONIALISM | POLITICAL FACTORS | RELIGIOUS ASPECTS | CULTURE | ECONOMIC CONDITIONS | GENDER ISSUES | Developing Countries | Interest Groups | Sociocultural Factors | Political Systems | Religion | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors Document Number: 317157 |
| 24. Title: Economic empowerment of women through information technology: A case study from an Indian state. Author: Prasad PN; Sreedevi V Source: Journal of International Women's Studies. 2007 May;8(4):107-120. Abstract: It is universally accepted that Information Communication Technologies (ICT) offer immense opportunities for the comprehensive social and economic development of the people all over the world. Without its adoption, there is little chance for countries or regions to develop. However, the potential of ICT as a technology for promoting micro-enterprises by poor women is still unused in many countries. This article discusses the success story of a government project for poverty eradication using ICT. The case study on 'ICT micro-enterprises by self-help group of poor women' describes the story of a self-help group, which uses potential of ICT for poverty eradication through economic empowerment of poor women. It illustrates how ICT can effectively be used as a technology for micro-enterprises, which are promoted by poor women under self-employment scheme. The article also deals with SWOT analysis that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for ICT based microenterprises. The article proves that if a country has the necessary enabling environment permitting the establishment of ICT micro-enterprises, poor women can promote such business for their economic empowerment. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | LOW INCOME POPULATION | INFORMATION PROCESSING | TECHNOLOGY | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | MICROENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Information | Women's Status | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 319966 |
| 25. Title: No more killings! Women respond to femicides in Central America. Author: Prieto-Carron M; Thomson M; Macdonald M Source: Gender and Development. 2007 Mar;15(1):25-40. Abstract: This article looks at a specific form of social violence against women in Mexico and Central America, the violent murder of women - femicidio or feminicidio in Spanish, 'femicide' in English. We explore the nature of femicide by analysing the situation from a gender perspective, as an extreme form of gender-based violence (GBV), and linking femicides with discrimination, poverty and a 'backlash' against women. In a climate of total state impunity, it is extremely important to support the responses of feminists and women's organisations in the region who are carrying out research to document femicides and GBV in general, supporting survivors and their families, and carrying out advocacy activities. (author's) Language: English Keywords: CENTRAL AMERICA | LITERATURE REVIEW | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERVIEWS | WOMEN | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | HOMICIDE | GENDER ISSUES | WOMEN'S STATUS | CULTURE | GOVERNMENT | WOMEN'S GROUPS | Developing Countries | Latin America | Americas | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Domestic Violence | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Political Factors | Interest Groups Document Number: 326678 |
| 26. Peer Reviewed Title: Treatment of postnatal depression in low-income mothers in primary-care clinics in Santiago, Chile: A randomised controlled trial. Author: Rojas G; Fritsch R; Solis J; Jadresic E; Castillo C Source: Lancet. 2007 Nov 10;370(9599):1629-1637. Abstract: The optimum way to improve the recognition and treatment of postnatal depression in developing countries is uncertain. We compared the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention with usual care to treat postnatal depression in low-income mothers in primary-care clinics in Santiago, Chile. 230 mothers with major depression attending postnatal clinics were randomly allocated to either a multicomponent intervention (n=114) or usual care (n=116). The multicomponent intervention involved a psychoeducational group, treatment adherence support, and pharmacotherapy if needed. Usual care included all services normally available in the clinics, including antidepressant drugs, brief psychotherapeutic interventions, medical consultations, or external referral for specialty treatment. The primary outcome measure was the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) score at 3 and 6 months after randomisation. Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00518830. 208 (90%) of women randomly assigned to treatment groups completed assessments. The crude mean EPDS score was lower for the multicomponent intervention group than for the usual care group at 3 months (8.5 [95% CI 7.2-9.7] vs 12.8 [11.3-14.1]). Although these differences between groups decreased by 6 months, EPDS score remained better in multicomponent intervention group than in usual care group (10.9 [9.6-12.2] vs 12.5 [11.1-13.8]). The adjusted difference in mean EPDS between the two groups at 3 months was -4.5 (95% CI -6.3 to -2.7; p less than 0.0001). The decrease in the number of women taking antidepressants after 3 months was greater in the intervention group than in the usual care group (multicomponent intervention from 60/101 [59%; 95% CI 49-69%] to 38/106 [36%; 27-46%]; usual care from 18/108 [17%; 10-25%] to 11/102 [11%; 6-19%]). Our findings suggest that low-income mothers with depression and who have newly born children could be effectively helped, even in low-income settings, through multicomponent interventions. Further refinements to this intervention are needed to ensure treatment compliance after the acute phase. (author's) Language: English Keywords: CHILE | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL TRIALS | COMPARATIVE STUDIES | CONTROL GROUPS | KAP SURVEYS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | POSTPARTUM WOMEN | LOW INCOME POPULATION | URBAN POPULATION | WOMEN'S GROUPS | DEPRESSION | TREATMENT | USER COMPLIANCE | DRUGS | REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION | Developing Countries | South America, Southern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Clinical Research | Research Methodology | Studies | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Puerperium | Reproduction | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Mental Disorders | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Behavior | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 313954 |
| 27. Title: Feminist community building in Ciudad Juarez. A local cultural alternative to the structural violence of globalization. Author: Swanger J Source: Latin American Perspectives. 2007 Mar;34(2):108-123. Abstract: Globalization and violence against women and children are processes of dehumanization and manifestations of alienation. Casa Amiga, a feminist organization in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, is creating a local alternative to globalization through working to restore a sense of empowerment and multidimensional humanity-through community building. The small-scale "culture of solidarity" that Casa Amiga is constructing is in direct opposition to the narrow rules underpinning neoliberal globalization. Through the techniques of feminist therapy and consciousness-raising workshops, the members of Casa Amiga are constructing a culture based on sharing, reciprocity, responsibility, accountability, and mutual obligation. It seeks thus to enhance the welfare of all and thereby fulfill one of the broken promises of neoliberal globalization. The subtle resistance offered by Casa Amiga plays several crucial roles within new social movements that spectacular forms of resistance do not: (1) it is sustainable in the long term, (2) it tends to be far less alienating and can invite broad alliances, and (3) it tends not to occasion the kind of brutal, state-sponsored repression that squelches popular movements. (author's) Language: English Keywords: MEXICO | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERVIEWS | COMMUNITY | WOMEN'S GROUPS | FEMINISM | CULTURE | ECONOMIC FACTORS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | WORKSHOPS | SOCIAL CHANGE | North America | Americas | Developing Countries | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Population | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Crime | Social Problems | Education Document Number: 318076 |
| 28. Title: With women worldwide: a compact to end HIV / AIDS. Source: Exchange on HIV / AIDS, Sexuality and Gender. 2006;2:[3] p. Also available in French. Abstract: The International Women's Health Coalition (IWHC) has called 2006 a critical year to determine the international community's future response to the global HIV/AIDS pandemic. In the beginning of June, governments and civil society met at the High-Level Meeting on AIDS ('UNGASS+5') to review the implementation of the 2001 Declaration of Commitment on AIDS. In August, the biennial International AIDS Conference (IAC) in Toronto provided an opportunity to reshape dialogue and decisions with an even wider range of leaders. In preparation for these critical discussions, IWHC convened a group of women advocates in Bangkok in November 2005. They developed With Women Worldwide -- A Compact to End HIV/AIDS as a tool for use in 2006 and beyond. The main goal of the authors was to mobilize extensive support for the Compact Agenda to ensure that it was incorporated into discussions and decisions at the UNGASS+5 and the IAC. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | WOMEN | POLICYMAKERS | WOMEN'S GROUPS | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | TREATIES | HIV PREVENTION | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | Demographic Factors | Population | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Human Rights | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors Document Number: 309193 |
| 29. Title: Bringing women into governance. Author: Centre for Development and Population Activities [CEDPA] Source: Washington, D.C., CEDPA, 2006. 20 p. Abstract: In some parts of the world, countries are shifting to democratically elected governments with greater representation from diverse ethnic, socio-economic and geographic groups. These governments are moving toward greater public participation and transparency, becoming more open to citizen inputs and delegating management of government services such as health and education to local authorities. Though women have increased in number in these appointed and elected leadership posts, nowhere in the world do they hold 50 percent of the seats in governing bodies. The Centre for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA) has a longstanding commitment to support women as leaders and change agents in their communities and nations. CEDPA's governance work recognizes that improving the lives of women and their families requires balanced gender representation in government structures. Until women are able to participate fully in decision-making, their interests and basic needs will continue to be marginalized. Increasing the representation and influence of women in government will ensure that government policies, systems and allocated resources represent the diverse needs of all of society. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | PROGRESS REPORT | CASE STUDIES | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS | WOMEN'S GROUPS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | LEADERSHIP | DEMOCRACY | SOCIAL MOBILIZATION | ADVOCACY | WORKSHOPS | VOTING RIGHTS | MICROECONOMIC FACTORS | POLITICAL FACTORS | Studies | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Interest Groups | Sociocultural Factors | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Political Systems | Social Change | Communication | Education Document Number: 318294 |
| 30. Title: Empowering grassroots Egyptian women through advocacy networks. Author: Centre for Development and Population Activities [CEDPA] Source: Washington, D.C., CEDPA, 2006 Jun. [2] p. Abstract: CEDPA has been implementing the Empowering Grassroots Egyptian Women through Advocacy Networks project in Egypt since 2004. Designed to identify and address the specific needs of women and girls by enabling women and their supporters to advocate for and influence policy changes at the governorate level, the project delivers training and technical assistance to governorate level non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and local branches of the National Council for Women (NCW) to form advocacy networks. Implemented in six governorates where CEDPA has longstanding partners and had previously invested extensively in capacity building of local NGOs (including Beni Suef, Qena, Fayoum, Minya, Aswan and North Sinai), the program evolved from a long process of joint planning and collaboration with NGO partners and the National Council for Women. The media and religious leaders are additional longstanding, important CEDPA partners and have been fully integrated into the project. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: EGYPT | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | WOMEN'S GROUPS | SOCIAL NETWORKS | ADVOCACY | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | MASS MEDIA | WOMEN'S HEALTH | Developing Countries | Africa, Northern | Africa | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Interest Groups | Friends and Relatives | Family and Household | Communication | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Health Document Number: 318284 |
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