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Peer Reviewed

Title: Changes in sexual behavior following a sex education program in Brazilian public schools. Mudancas no comportamento sexual de adolescentes de escolas publicas no Brasil apos um programa de educacao sexual.
Author: Andrade HH; de Mello MB; Sousa MH; Makuch MY; Bertoni N; Faundes A
Source: Cadernos�de Saude Publica. 2009 May;25(5):1168-1176.
Abstract: This paper describes an evaluation of possible changes in sexual behavior in adolescents who participated in a school-based sex education program in selected public schools in four municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The program, given within the context of reproductive rights, dealt with risks involved in unsafe sexual practices, and focused on the positive aspects of sexuality. A quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests and a nonequivalent control group was used to evaluate the intervention. A total of 4,795 questionnaires were included in this analysis. The program succeeded in more than doubling consistent condom use with casual partners and in increasing the use of modern contraceptives during last intercourse by 68%. The intervention had no effect on age at first intercourse or on adolescents' engagement in sexual activities. The sex education program was effective in generating positive changes in the sexual behavior of adolescents, while not stimulating participation in sexual activities.
Language: Portuguese
Keywords:
BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | SECONDARY SCHOOLS | ADOLESCENTS | SEX EDUCATION | PARTICIPATION | CHANGES | SEX BEHAVIOR | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | SEXUALITY | RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR | CONDOM USE | PROGRAM EVALUATION | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Schools | Education | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Social Behavior | Behavior | Social Change | Sociocultural Factors | Human Rights | Political Factors | Personality | Psychological Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 340176

5.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Changes in sexual behavior following a sex education program in Brazilian public schools.
Author: Andrade HH; Mello MB; Sousa MH; Makuch MY; Bertoni N; Faundes A
Source: Cadernos De Saude Publica. 2009 May;25(5):1168-76.
Abstract: This paper describes an evaluation of possible changes in sexual behavior in adolescents who participated in a school-based sex education program in selected public schools in four municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The program is inserted within the context of reproductive rights, deals with risks involved in unsafe sexual practices and focuses on the positive aspects of sexuality. A quasi-experimental design with pre and post-tests and a non-equivalent control group was used to evaluate the intervention. A total of 4,795 questionnaires were included in this analysis. The program succeeded in more than doubling consistent condom use with casual partners and in increasing the use of modern contraceptives during last intercourse by 68%. The intervention had no effect on age at first intercourse or on adolescents' engagement in sexual activities. The sex education program was effective in generating positive changes in the sexual behavior of adolescents, while not stimulating participation in sexual activities.
Language: English
Keywords:
BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEX EDUCATION | SCHOOLS | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | RISK BEHAVIOR | INTERVENTIONS | PROGRAM EVALUATION | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Education | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 342612

Title: From reproductive choice to reproductive justice.
Author: Cook RJ; Dickens BM
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 May 6;
Abstract: Since the 1994 Cairo Conference on Population and Development, the human rights movement has embraced the concept of reproductive rights. These are often pursued, however, by means to which objection is taken. Some conservative political and religious forces continue to resist implementation of several means of protecting and advancing reproductive rights. Individuals' rights to grant and to deny consent to medical procedures affecting their reproductive health and confidentiality have been progressively advanced. However, access to contraceptive services, while not necessarily opposed, is unjustifiably obstructed in some settings. Rights to lawful abortion have been considerably liberalized by legislative and judicial decisions, although resistance remains. Courts are increasingly requiring that lawful services be accommodated under transparent conditions of access and of legal protection. The conflict between rights of resort to lawful reproductive health services and to conscientious objection to participation is resolved by legal duties to refer patients to non-objecting providers.
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | POLICYMAKERS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | RELIGION | CONSERVATISM | POLITICAL FACTORS | CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION | CONTRACEPTION | ABORTION LAW | LITIGATION | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Human Rights | Sociocultural Factors | Ethics | Family Planning | Fertility Control, Postconception | Program Evaluation | Programs
Document Number: 341457

Peer Reviewed

Title: Condom Access in South African Schools: Law, Policy, and Practice.
Author: Han J; Bennish ML
Source: PLoS Medicine. 2009 Jan 20;6(1):e6.
Abstract: Summary points of the article are: 1) South Africa's recently adopted Children's Act provides children the right to access reproductive health services as a way of addressing the HIV pandemic, but there remains confusion about how socially divisive rights provided for by the Act, such as condom access for youth, will be achieved; 2) The Children's Act, together with South African government policies, allows individual schools to decide whether to distribute condoms, but most school staff are unaware of South African policy and regulations governing condom provision in schools; 3) Because of confusing and contradictory government policies and public pronouncements regarding provision of condoms in public schools, few schools have undertaken to provide condoms, leaving students, especially in rural areas, with few options for obtaining them; 4) PEPFAR regulations potentially conflict with South African law by prohibiting PEPFAR-funded organizations from distributing condoms in schools or providing condom information to youth aged 14 and under; and 5) The current South African government's policy of leaving the decision of whether to distribute condoms in schools to the School Governing Body of individual schools, rather than enacting a clear national policy, is unlikely to be an effective public health strategy for improving access to condoms for the population of youths at high risk for HIV.
Language: English
Keywords:
SOUTH AFRICA | SUMMARY REPORT | CHILDREN | ADOLESCENTS | HEALTH POLICY | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | CONDOMS | LEGISLATION | ATTITUDES | HIV PREVENTION | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Human Rights | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Psychological Factors | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases
Document Number: 329660

Peer Reviewed

Title: Abortion access for incarcerated women: are correctional health practices in conflict with constitutional standards.
Author: Kasdan D
Source: Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2009 Mar;41(1):59-62.
Abstract: Does a pregnant woman who is in prison or jail still have the constitutional right to decide whether to continue her pregnancy or to have an abortion? The simple legal answer is yes. Of course, this provides little, if any, insight into what actually happens when thousands of women each year must make this decision while living behind prison walls.* But gaining such insight in any systematic manner has long presented a challenge to health professionals, researchers and advocates. The ways in which prisons handle a woman's abortion request are often shielded from public scrutiny, and they can be enormously varied. Women are incarcerated at the federal, state and local levels. Accordingly, policies and practices of prison and jail officials, and the experience of pregnant women in their custody, may differ dramatically from state to state, county to county, and facility to facility. Despite these challenges, understanding incarcerated women's ability, or inability, to access reproductive health care, including abortion, is key to developing strategies to advance their reproductive health and rights. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CRITIQUE | ABORTION | PRISONERS | PRISONS | POLICY | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | COURT DECISION | CONSTITUTION | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Political Factors | Human Rights | Litigation
Document Number: 341656

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11.

13.

Title: Working with young women: empowerment, rights and health.
Author: Ricardo C; Fonseca V; de Leon GS; Rosas EM; Dorantes OA
Source: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, PROMUNDO, 2009. [144] p.
Abstract: Although there has been a significant amount of work done to promote women's empowerment, most of it has been geared towards the experiences of adult women. This manual, part of an initiative called Program M, includes a series of group educational activities to promote young women's [ages 15-24] awareness about gender inequities, rights and health. It also seeks to develop their skills to feel more capable of acting in empowered ways in different spheres of their lives. Modules in this manual include: identity and relationships - this section focuses on how gender influences young women's identities and aspirations and the ways in which women and men express themselves and relate to each other; violence - this chapter explores the many forms of violence that exist, particularly in the context of young women's lives and relationships, and the links between gender, power and violence; drugs - addresses the different types of drugs that affect young women's lives and relationships and explores the concept of harm-reduction; young women and work - focuses on the traditional gender divisions which exist in different types of work and the rights of women in the workplace; and community participation - these activities can be developed in a variety of environments including schools, clubs, and community organisations, and are most effective when done with smaller groups of 10 to 20 participants. All of the activities draw on an experiential learning model in which young women are encouraged to question and analyse their own experiences and lives, in order to understand how gender can perpetuate unequal power in relationships, and make both young women and men vulnerable to sexual and reproductive health problems, including HIV/AIDS. The activities engage young women to share ideas and opinions and think about how they can make positive changes in their lives and communities.
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | MANUAL | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | PREGNANT WOMEN | MOTHERS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | WOMEN'S HEALTH | GENDER ISSUES | HIV PREVENTION | SEX EDUCATION | CHILD CARE | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Parents | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Human Rights | Political Factors | Health | Education | Child Rearing | Behavior
Document Number: 329171

14.

Title: Expanding contraceptive choice: five promising innovations.
Author: Ringheim K; Gribble J
Source: Washington, D.C., Population Reference Bureau, 2009 Jun. 4 p.
Abstract: This new policy brief from the Population Reference Bureau highlights five "next generation" contraceptives, each of which offers one or more advantages over similar earlier methods. These innovations are among those expected to enter the market within five years and can assist country programs to make contraception more accessible and attractive to women and couples.
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | SUMMARY REPORT | COUPLES | WOMEN | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS CHOSEN | AGE FACTORS | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | FAMILY PLANNING | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | NEEDS | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraception | Contraceptive Usage | Population Characteristics | Human Rights | Political Factors | Economic Factors
Document Number: 328045

15.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Summary of proceedings of the IUSTI Global Challenges Symposium (ISSTDR 2007/10th IUSTI World Congress).
Author: Ross JD; Garcia PJ; Zenilman J; Lewis DA; Chan R; Poder A
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS. 2009 Feb;20(2):130-4.
Abstract: Working in our own geographical areas it can be easy to take a parochial view of sexually transmitted infection (STI) management and control. But although the problems and challenges faced by STI physicians vary enormously around the world, there are also common themes which can benefit from a common approach. By understanding how health services in different regions identify and address STI control, we can contribute and improve our local services, and contribute to the development of global STI care. At the 17th conference of the International Society for Sexually Transmitted Disease Research (ISSTDR) in Seattle, a symposium on Global Challenges was organized by the International Union against STIs (IUSTI) to provide feedback from physicians around the world on what they consider to be their greatest challenges. Moderated by Angelika Stary and Kit Fairley, the symposium included contributions from North and South America, Africa, Europe and Asia-Pacific regions. In this article, the speakers' have summarized their talks and provide an insight into the many challenges facing global STI control today. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
LATIN AMERICA | ASIA | AFRICA | SUMMARY REPORT | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | HEALTH POLICY | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | TRAINING ACTIVITIES | TREATMENT | HEALTH SERVICES | Americas | Developing Countries | Health | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Human Rights | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Training Programs | Education | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Delivery of Health Care
Document Number: 331168

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17.

Title: Reproductive and sexual health rights: 15 years after the International Conference on Population and Development [editorial]
Author: Serour GI
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 May 8;:[2] p.
Abstract: For the past 15 years, the World Report on Women's Health has been published in the International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (IJGO) every 3 years to mark the occasion of the FIGO World Congress. The topic of the 2006 World Report was promoting partnerships to improve access to women's reproductive and sexual health. It is fitting that, following the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) held in Cairo in 1994, the 2009 World Report addresses reproductive and sexual health rights 15 years after this significant conference took place. Despite some of the progress made in achieving reproductive and sexual health rights in many countries, many agenda items from the ICPD Programme of Action remain unfinished, and these are now emphasized in the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4, 5, and 6. The WHO Reproductive Health Research division has indicated that the core elements for improvement include improving prenatal, delivery, post partum, and newborn care; providing high-quality services for family planning including infertility services; eliminating unsafe abortion; combating sexually transmitted infections including HIV, reproductive tract infections, cervical cancer, and other gynecological morbidities; and promoting sexual health. It identified 6 areas of action including strengthening the capacity of health systems, improving the information base for priority settings, mobilizing political will, creating supportive legislation and regulatory frameworks, and strengthening, monitoring, evaluation, and accountability. The 2009 World Report provides the reader with a comprehensive and concise overview of what has been achieved in women's reproductive and sexual health rights since the ICPD, unmet needs, obstacles, and the feasible actions in the countdown to 2015 as outlined in the ICPD Programme of Action and the health-related MDGs. The July 2008 Summit Declaration of the G8 countries called for reproductive health to be "widely accessible," for closer links between HIV/AIDS and family planning programs, and strengthening of health systems. It is hoped that the latest global economic crisis will not negatively impact the commitments of rich countries to reproductive and sexual health programs in low-resource countries to reduce mortality and improve the quality-of-life of women and newborns around the world. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | POLICYMAKERS | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | MATERNAL MORTALITY | DEATH RATE | WHO | HUMAN RIGHTS | HEALTH POLICY | GOALS | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Health | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | UN | International Agencies | Organizations | Policy | Planning
Document Number: 341456

18.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Unintended consequences: exploring the tensions between development programs and indigenous women in Mexico in the context of reproductive health.
Author: Smith-Oka V
Source: Social Science and Medicine. 2009;68:2069-2077.
Abstract: This article offers a case study of the politics of reproduction present between development programs, medical practitioners, and population policies in Mexico. It particularly explores how these policies have shaped indigenous women's family planning choices. It analyzes the unintended consequences that emerge from the interaction between indigenous women, medicine, and an economic development program-Oportunidades. The study was based on participant observation and in-depth interviews carried out between 2004 and 2007 with 53 women, as well as doctors and nurses, in northern Veracruz. Results show that the close association of government policies with medical practitioners serves to constrain women's reproductive decisions. Medical practitioners use this association to promote the state's concern for family planning, unintentionally disempowering their target population. This article uses a political economy of fertility framework to look at broader processes affecting women's choices beyond thepersonal or domestic level. Such a framework allows us to analyze these connections and place women's reproductive rights within a larger struggle for human rights and dignity.
Language: English
Keywords:
MEXICO | RESEARCH REPORT | INDIGENOUS POPULATION | WOMEN | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | FERTILITY | FAMILY PLANNING | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | POLITICAL FACTORS | PROGRAM EVALUATION | North America | Americas | Developing Countries | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Human Rights | Sociocultural Factors | Population Dynamics | Economic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 340202

19.

Title: Rights to emergency contraception.
Author: Weisberg E; Fraser IS
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Jun 17;
Abstract: Emergency contraception (EC) provides women with a safe means of preventing pregnancy following unprotected sexual intercourse or potential contraceptive failure, and is accepted as a legitimate method of fertility control. The right of women to access EC, along with other contraceptive methods, needs to be affirmed. The consequences of unintended pregnancy are serious, imposing appreciable burdens on children, women, men, and families. Every child has the right to be a wanted child and not enter this world because its mother was denied access to EC. For maximum effectiveness, barriers to access must be removed. It is essential that EC pills are available over-the-counter with no minimum age for access. There is a tension between the rights of women to access EC without medical or legal intervention and the rights of providers who have a conscientious objection to provision on religious or moral grounds. The principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, and beneficence all weigh in favor of the rights of a woman faced with the possibility of an unintended pregnancy to unrestricted access to EC against providers whose religious views are opposed to this.
Language: English
Keywords:
AUSTRALIA | CRITIQUE | PROVIDERS WITH CLIENTS | EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION | CONTRACEPTIVE AVAILABILITY | OBSTACLES | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | CONTRACEPTIVE MODE OF ACTION | CONTRACEPTIVE SAFETY | LEGISLATION | RELIGIOUS ASPECTS | Oceania | Developed Countries | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Contraception | Family Planning | Organization and Administration | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Safety | Public Health | Religion
Document Number: 341749

20.

Title: Intimate relations: Sex, lives and poverty. A resource for policy makers and programmers working in population and development.
Author: Asia-Pacific Alliance
Source: [Bangkok, Thailand], Asia-Pacific Alliance, 2008. [47] p.
Abstract: The New Zealand Coalition of the Asia Pacific Alliance, advancing the ICPD agenda proudly presents a new resource: Intimate Relations: Sex, Lives and Poverty. This resource has been created as a tool to highlight how sexual and reproductive health is crucial to achieve quality development (or more specifically, the MDGs). With a Pacific flavour, the resource highlights the issues and provides a set of questions to guide policy-makers and programmers in thinking about sexual and reproductive health in all that they do.
Language: English
Keywords:
OCEANIA | RECOMMENDATIONS | POLICYMAKERS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | POVERTY | GOALS | POLICY DEVELOPMENT | PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT | FOREIGN AID | EDUCATION | FAMILY PLANNING | ENVIRONMENT | Developing Countries | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Health | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Economic Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Planning | Programs | Financial Activities
Document Number: 331849

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Title: Change lives, save lives. Reducing poverty with sexual and reproductive health.
Author: Family Planning International
Source: [Wellington, New Zealand], Family Planning International, [2008]. [15] p.
Abstract: This set of speech cards and briefing sheets are tools to use in your work to promote the sexual and reproductive health of your people. You can use these to inform yourself and others, and to stimulate discussion about the situation in your country. The key message contained in the speech cards and briefing sheets is that by investing in sexual and reproductive health you will be able to prevent and eradicate poverty in your communities and country. (Excerpt) .
Language: English
Keywords:
OCEANIA | CRITIQUE | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | POVERTY | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT | EDUCATION | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | MATERNAL HEALTH | HIV PREVENTION | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | Developing Countries | Health | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Women's Status | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections
Document Number: 331851

23.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Ethical aspects concerning termination of pregnancy following prenatal diagnosis. FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women�s Health. FIGO committee report.
Author: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO]. Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health
Source: International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2008 Jul;102(1):97-98.
Abstract: The FIGO Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health considers the ethical aspects of issues that impact the discipline of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health. The following document represents the result of that carefully researched and considered discussion. This material is intended to provide material for consideration and debate about these ethical aspects of our discipline for member organizations and their constituent membership. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | FRANCE | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | ETHICS | WOMEN | ABORTION | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | BIRTH DEFECTS | ULTRASONICS | SCREENING | BELIEFS | CULTURE | RECOMMENDATIONS | Europe, Western | Europe | Developed Countries | Sociocultural Factors | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Human Rights | Political Factors | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Examinations and Diagnoses
Document Number: 327333 Notification

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Title: The Mexico City Policy / Global Gag Rule: its impact on family planning and reproductive health. Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, October 31, 2007.
Author: United States. Congress. House of Representatives. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Source: Washington, D.C., United States Government Printing Office, 2008. 132 p. (Serial No. 110-121)
Abstract: Witnesses testifying on the impact of the Mexico City Policy / Global Gag Rule on family planning and reproductive health included: The Honorable Nita Lowey, a Representative in Congress from the State of New York, The Honorable Marilyn Musgrave, a Representative in Congress from the State of Colorado, Duff G. Gillespie, Ph.D., Professor and Senior Scholar, Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Ejike Oji, M.B.B.S., Country Director, Ipas Nigeria, Joana Nerquaye-Tetteh, Ph.D., Former Executive Director, Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana, Jean Kagia, M.D. (Kenya), Consultant, Obstetrician & Gynecologist.
Language: English
Keywords:
MEXICO | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | COURT DECISION | LITIGATION | FAMILY PLANNING | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | IMPACT | HEALTH POLICY | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | ABORTION | North America | Americas | Developing Countries | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health | Communication | Policy | Human Rights | Fertility Control, Postconception
Document Number: 331436

26.

Title: Selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use. 2008 update.
Author: World Health Organization [WHO]. Department of Reproductive Health and Research
Source: Geneva, Switzerland, WHO, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, 2008. [4] p.
Abstract: The Selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use -one of the four cornerstones of the World Health Organization's (WHO) evidence-based family planning guidance -provides evidence-based recommendations on how to safely and effectively use contraceptive methods once they are deemed medically appropriate for an individual. This guideline is intended for use by policy-makers, programme managers, and the scientific community in the preparation of national family planning/sexual and reproductive health programmes for delivery of contra�ceptives. The first edition of the Selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use was published in 2002, and the second edition in 2004. On 1-4 April 2008, WHO convened an expert Working Group in Geneva, Switzerland, to revise the second edition in response to newly published evidence and requests for clarification of specific recommendations from users of the guideline. The meeting brought together 43 participants from 23 countries, including nine agency representatives. The expert Working Group was comprised of: international family planning experts, including clinicians, epidemiologists, policy-makers, programme managers; experts in evidence identification and synthesis; experts in pharmacology; and users of the guideline. All members of the expert Working Group were asked to declare any conflict of interest; three of the experts declared a conflict of interest relevant to the subject matter of the meeting. They were not asked to withdraw from recommendation formulation.
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | SUMMARY REPORT | RECOMMENDATIONS | FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS | COUPLES | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS CHOSEN | CONTRACEPTIVE SAFETY | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE DETERMINANTS | DECISION MAKING | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | IUD | SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS | MENSTRUATION DISORDERS | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD SWITCHING | INJECTABLES | CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, PROGESTIN | PROGESTERONE | POSTPARTUM PROGRAMS | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Contraception | Safety | Public Health | Health | Behavior | Human Rights | Political Factors | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Contraceptive Methods | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Progestational Hormones | Hormones | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology
Document Number: 329562

27.
Title: Promoting adolescent friendly reproductive and sexual health services.
Author: Agarwal RK
Source: Indian Pediatrics. 2008 Nov;45(11):881-2.
Abstract: In the National Rural Health Mission, a national strategy for Adolescent Reproductive and Sexual Health (ARSH) has been approved as part of Reproductive and Child Health Program Phase II (RCH II). This strategy should address the sexual and reproductive health needs of 230 million adolescents (10-19 years) in India. The strategy highlights the need to generate awareness, create an enabling and supportive social environment for improving the health seeking behavior of adolescents and also to build the capacity of the health system and service providers for ensuring effective delivery mechanisms and quality of services. Addressing adolescent health, especially, sexual and reproductive health issues would contribute to reduction of TFR, MMR and IMR in the country and thus contribute in achieving the national RCH targets. States have responded by including components of ARSH in the State Program Implementation Plans. The main focus is on training, orientation workshops, providing information and counseling services in selected districts and health facilities. Varied approaches like strengthening of school health services, peer led approach have been proposed by some States for mobilizing youth for optimal utilization of services and improving their health seeking behavior. However, efforts to create and sustain demand for adolescent health services are not adequately reflected in the Program Implementation Plans (PIPs). The author suggests several ways in which health care professionals across the country can provide impetus to friendly services for adolescent sexual reproductive health.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CRITIQUE | ADOLESCENTS | ADOLESCENT HEALTH | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | HEALTH SERVICES | PROMOTION | IMPLEMENTATION | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | YOUTH PROGRAMS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Health | Delivery of Health Care | Marketing | Economic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 330750

28.

Title: Linking sexual and reproductive health and HIV/AIDS. Gateways to integration: A case study from Haiti. Voluntary HIV counselling and testing: an entry point for comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services.
Author: Armstrong S
Source: Geneva, Switzerland, World Health Organization, 2008. 24 p. Also available in Spanish: http://149.120.32.2/upload/lib_pub_file/794_filename_ippf_linkages_haiti_sp.pdf and French: http://149.120.32.2/upload/lib_pub_file/828_filename_linking_sexual_rh_fr.pdf
Abstract: The process of linking sexual and reproductive health and HIV/AIDS needs to work in both directions: traditional sexual and reproductive health services need to integrate HIV/AIDS interventions, and programmes set up to address the AIDS epidemic need to integrate more general services for sexual and reproductive health. The case studies featured in this series have been chosen to demonstrate this two-way flow and to reflect the diversity of integration models. While these case studies focus primarily on service delivery components, structures, systems and policy issues are also important elements of successful integration.
Language: English
Keywords:
HAITI | RESEARCH REPORT | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | HIV PREVENTION | VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING | CONDOM USE | PROMOTION | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | RAPE | Caribbean | Americas | Developing Countries | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Programs | Organization and Administration | Health | HIV Testing | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Marketing | Economic Factors | Family Planning | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Crime | Social Problems
Document Number: 327836

29.

Title: Professional right of conscience.
Author: Beal MW; Cappiello J
Source: Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health. 2008 Sep-Oct;53(5):406-12; quiz 487-8.
Abstract: In recent years there have been numerous media reports of professionals attempting to expand the right of conscience and deny health care services requested by consumers. While the media has focused the most attention on pharmacists' right to refuse access to contraception, this trend is an expansion of the right originally established to protect professionals from being required to perform abortions or to provide direct assistance with abortions. State legislatures have addressed this issue, in some cases by overtly protecting consumers' rights and in other cases by broadening professional right of conscience. In this article, the literature on provider right of conscience is reviewed, and approaches advised by professional organizations are discussed.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CRITIQUE | LITERATURE REVIEW | HEALTH PERSONNEL | LEGISLATION | EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION | PHARMACISTS | INFORMATION | ABORTION | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Contraception | Family Planning | Fertility Control, Postconception | Human Rights
Document Number: 329649 Notification

30.

Title: Defending the sexual and reproductive health rights of women affected by HIV in Argentina.
Author: Bianco M; Re MI
Source: Exchange on HIV / AIDS, Sexuality and Gender. 2008;(1):10-11.
Abstract: Feminization and pauperization together with an increased concentration of AIDS cases in urban environments are the main characteristics of the HIV and AIDS epidemics in Argentina. Increased infection of HIV among poor young child-bearing women generates an increase in the demand for public health care and services. Although the country has had a legal framework guaranteeing reproductive health care for all women since 2002, a lack of collaboration between reproductive health services and HIV/AIDS programmes has denied women living with HIV (WLWH) access to adequate health care, particularly for their sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs. Additionally, WLWH's access to information on reproductive health, family planning services, control of cervical cancer, STIs and other gynecological problems is limited. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
ARGENTINA | CRITIQUE | WOMEN | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | FAMILY PLANNING | South America, Southern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health
Document Number: 325923


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