1.  Peer Reviewed Title: How young is "too young"? Comparative perspectives on adolescent sexual, marital, and reproductive transitions. Author: Dixon-Mueller R Source: Studies in Family Planning. 2008 Dec;39(4):247-262. Abstract: This study puts forth three criteria for assessing the extent to which the timing of sexual, marital, and reproductive transitions among male and female adolescents could be considered "too young": (1) the physiological maturation of the body; (2) the cognitive capacity for making safe, informed, and voluntary decisions; and (3) institutionalized concepts of "old enough" for consent to sexual intercourse and marriage as reflected in legal frameworks and international standards. Expansion of the age grouping of adolescence is proposed, from the customary 15-19 into three age categories-early adolescence (ages 10-14, or 10-11 and 12-14), middle adolescence (15-17), and late adolescence (18-19)-to better capture the age-specific variations in the trajectories of male and female sexual, marital, and reproductive events. An application of the three adolescent development criteria to the timing of transitions observed in Demographic and Health Surveys in 64 developing countries leads to the conclusion that boys and girls aged 14 and younger are universally "too young" to make safe and consensual transitions; that 15-17-year-olds may or may not be too young, depending on their circumstances; and that 18-year-olds are generally "old enough." Policies and programs should focus on capacity building and the creation of an enabling environment for making safe and voluntary transitions among all age groups, but particularly among 10-14-year-olds, whose sexual and reproductive health and rights are so clearly at stake. Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | RESEARCH REPORT | DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEYS | ADOLESCENTS | MINORS | PHYSIOLOGY | ADOLESCENT HEALTH | INTELLIGENCE | DECISION MAKING | AGE FACTORS | SEXUAL INTERCOURSE | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | MARRIAGE AGE | CHILD MARRIAGE | Demographic Surveys | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Youth | Population Characteristics | Biology | Health | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Reproduction | Marriage Patterns | Marriage | Nuptiality Document Number: 328189 |
2.  Title: Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural, including the right to development. Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Yakin Erturk. Addendum: Mission to Algeria. Advance edited version. Author: Erturk Y Source: [Geneva, Switzerland], United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights [OHCHR], Human Rights Council, 2008 Feb 13. 30 p. (A/HRC/7/6/Add.2) Human Rights Council, Seventh Session, Agenda item 3. Abstract: Since independence, Algerian women have made remarkable advances in education, although gender gaps continue at various levels and among certain professions, including judges, teachers and medical doctors. At the same time, marginalization and feminized poverty remain areas of great concern. Women, who are socially stigmatized, including divorced, separated and deserted women, single mothers and street women, are particularly vulnerable and urgently need more State support. While women enjoy formal legal equality in the public sphere, they lack equal access to the labour market and decision-making positions, as evidenced by their low representation in these areas. Moreover, many women are still subject to oppression and discrimination in the community and family circle. The Family Code has been considerably improved but retains institutions that disadvantaged women, most significantly with regard to inheritance and the material consequences of divorce. Violence against women in the private sphere is pervasive and yet largely invisible. The ejection of women and girls into the street is a particularly egregious form of such violence. Sexual harassment and abuse in public institutions is an emerging issue with diverse consequences for women. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: ALGERIA | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | POLITICAL FACTORS | CULTURE | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S STATUS | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | SOCIAL POLICY | SOCIAL PROTECTION | INSTITUTION BUILDING | Developing Countries | Africa, North | Africa | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Human Rights | Sociocultural Factors | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Socioeconomic Factors | Crime | Social Problems | Policy | Program Sustainability | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 326334 |
| 3. Title: What makes a good program? A case study of a school admitting high academic achievers. Author: Lam CM Source: theScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:1027-36. Abstract: This paper reports the results of a qualitative study that explored the administration and implementation of the Tier 1 Program (Secondary 1 Curriculum) of the Project P.A.T.H.S. The case study method was used to explore perceptions of the teachers and the project coordinator of program effectiveness, and to identify various factors for program success. A school admitting high academic achievers was selected, and site visits, as well as individual and focus group interviews, were conducted with the program coordinator, social worker, and course teachers. The results suggested that clear vision and program goals, high quality of curriculum, helpful leadership, positive teacher attitude, and strong administrative support are factors for program success. Analyzing the data enables the researchers to understand the characteristics of a successful program as well as the interplay among factors for producing success. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CASE STUDIES | FOCUS GROUPS | TEACHERS | SOCIAL WORKERS | ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL | ADOLESCENTS | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | PERCEPTION | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | CURRICULUM | LEADERSHIP | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Education | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Organization and Administration | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Programs | Personality Document Number: 329347 |
| 4. Title: A case study on the implementation of a positive youth development program (Project P.A.T.H.S.) in a changing education policy environment. Author: Lee TY Source: theScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:1010-26. Abstract: This investigation of the implementation of a positive youth development program (Project P.A.T.H.S.) was part of a large study undertaken comprehensively to explore how effective the Tier 1 Program was in practice and how the results can shed light on future developments. Case studies on randomly selected schools were conducted in order to examine the factors that influence the process and quality of implementation of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. Through interviews with the school contact person and focus group interviews with the teachers, an integration of the findings of these studies showed that five factors related to the program, people, process, policy, and place (5 "P"s) facilitated the implementation process of the Tier 1 Program in the school. Based on the integrated findings of a randomly selected school, it was found that the school made use of the changes in the educational policy environment to facilitate school policy and structural changes, to pave the way for the success of the implementation of a new and "unfamiliar" curriculum. Overall, the quality of program implementation in the school was good and the program was well received by the program implementers. Implications of the present findings for future program implementation with reference to school administrative arrangements and implementation issues are also discussed. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CASE STUDIES | FOCUS GROUPS | STUDENTS | ADOLESCENTS | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | QUALITY CONTROL | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | POLICY | CURRICULUM | ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Education | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 329348 |
| 5. Title: A case study on the implementation of a positive youth development program (Project P.A.T.H.S.) in Hong Kong: learning from the experimental implementation phase. Author: Lee TY Source: theScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:1047-62. Abstract: This investigation of the implementation of a positive youth development program (Project P.A.T.H.S.) was part of a large study undertaken comprehensively to explore how effective the Tier 1 Program was in practice and how the results can shed light on future developments. Utilizing a case study approach, individual and focus group interviews were conducted in 2007 to examine the factors that influence the process and quality of implementation of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. The focus of this study was on how the implementers of a school made use of the experience gained in the Experimental Implementation Phase (EIP) in 2005/06 to improve the program implementation quality in the Full Implementation Phase (FIP) in 2006/07. Results showed that the program implementation in the FIP was generally high and the program was well received by the implementers. Factors that facilitated the implementation of the program were identified, including the adoption of an incremental change strategy, the incorporation of the program into both formal and informal curricula, positive perceptions of the program among staff and agency social workers, sufficient school administrative support, excellent cooperation between the school and the social work agency, presence of a dedicated school contact person and instructors who engaged themselves in continuous quality improvement of the implementation, and an emphasis on application of what had been learned. Difficulties encountered by the school in the process of implementation were also observed. Based on the present findings, key process variables that facilitate or impede the implementation of positive youth development programs are discussed. Implications for future program implementation are also discussed. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | KAP SURVEYS | FOCUS GROUPS | ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL | ADOLESCENTS | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | CURRICULUM | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | PERCEPTION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | CULTURE | BELIEFS | ENVIRONMENT | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Data Collection | Organization and Administration | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Education | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Personality | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 329346 |
| 6. Title: Normalising the abnormal: Palestinian youth and the contradictions of resilience in protracted conflict. Author: Nguyen-Gillham V; Giacaman R; Naser G; Boyce W Source: Health and Social Care in the Community. 2008;:1-8. Abstract: This qualitative study explores the construct of resilience by Palestinian youth in the 10th to 12th grades at school living in and around Ramallah in the West Bank. We look at how adolescents themselves interpret and give meaning to the concept of resilience in dehumanising and abnormal conditions. The aim is to 'problematise' the construct to go beyond quantitative research and objective inquiry. Focus groups were conducted with 321 male and female Palestinian students in 15 schools in Ramallah and the surrounding villages. This study presents findings that are consistent with previous research on the value of supportive relationships such as families and friends. Political participation and education are vital to a sense of identity and political resistance. However, a key finding reveals the normalisation of everyday life in fostering resiliency within abnormal living conditions. Palestinian youth, nonetheless, paint a picture of resilience that reveals contradictions and tensions. This study underlines the fluid and dynamic nature of resilience. Despite the desire for order, Palestinian young people complain of emotional distress and boredom. Feelings of desperation are intermingled with optimism. We also argue that the concept of resilience developed in predominantly Western settings ignores a local idiom of communal care and support. International and local organisations providing psychosocial care rely on trauma programmes based on a Western style of counselling. An over-emphasis on individualised intervention overlooks the notion of collective resiliency and fails to build on existing social capital within communities. Policy-makers should do more than 'tweak' preconceived projects to fit the cultural context or to replicate them from one conflict area to another. We should also keep in mind that the search for psychological well-being and justice are not mutually exclusive. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GAZA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | YOUTH | ADOLESCENTS | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | VIOLENCE | PERCEPTION | QUALITY OF LIFE | EMOTIONS | VALUE ORIENTATION | STRESS | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | CARE AND SUPPORT | Developing Countries | Middle East | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Personality | Behavior | Social Welfare | Economic Factors | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 325517 |
| 7. Title: Implementation of a positive youth development program in a Chinese context: the role of policy, program, people, process, and place. Author: Shek DT; Sun RC Source: theScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:980-96. Abstract: In this paper, a case study is presented based on one school, conducted to examine the factors that influenced the process and quality of implementation of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. Through interviews with the school contact person and focus group interviews with the instructors, an integration of the findings showed that several factors related to the program, people, process, policy, and place (5 "P"s) facilitated the implementation process of the Tier 1 Program in the school. Obstacles and difficulties with reference to the 5 "P"s that affected the quality of implementation were also identified. Overall, the quality of program implementation in the school was good, and the program was well received by the program implementers. Implications of the present findings for future program implementation with reference to school administrative arrangements and implementation issues are discussed. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CASE STUDIES | FOCUS GROUPS | STUDENTS | ADOLESCENTS | TEACHERS | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | QUALITY CONTROL | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | POLICY | CURRICULUM | PERCEPTION | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Education | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Organization and Administration | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 329350 |
| 8. Title: Implementation of a positive youth development program in Hong Kong using seven cases as evidence [editorial] Author: Shek DT; Ma HK Source: TheScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:976-9. Abstract: In Western contexts, curricular-based positive youth development programs have been designed to promote and nurture the potentials and competencies in young people. However, few related attempts have been carried out in the Chinese context. This Special Issue "Implementing Positive Youth Development Programmes" looks at implementation of the Project P.A.T.H.S. across in variety of scenarios each presenting their own challenges in the context of Chinese culture. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CASE STUDIES | FOCUS GROUPS | STUDENTS | ADOLESCENTS | TEACHERS | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | QUALITY CONTROL | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | POLICY | CURRICULUM | PERCEPTION | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Education | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Organization and Administration | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 329351 |
| 9. Title: Implementation quality of a positive youth development program: cross-case analyses based on seven cases in Hong Kong. Author: Shek DT; Sun RC Source: theScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:1075-87. Abstract: Cross-case analyses of factors that influence the process and implementation quality of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. based on seven cases were carried out. Systematic and integrative analyses revealed several conclusions. First, several factors related to policy, people, program, process, and place (5 "P"s) were conducive to the successful implementation of the Tier 1 Program in the schools. Second, there were obstacles and difficulties with reference to the 5 "P"s that impeded the quality of implementation. Third, policy support and people (especially commitment and passion of the principals, senior school administrators, and program implementers) are two main groups of factors that influence the quality of program implementation. Fourth, although there were different arrangements for program implementation, incorporation of the Tier 1 Program into the formal curriculum was a sound and viable strategy. Fifth, implementation of the Tier 1 Program in schools that admitted students with high or low academic achievement was viable. Sixth, the program was generally perceived positively by the program participants and implementers. Finally, the program implementers perceived the program to be beneficial to the program participants. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | KAP SURVEYS | ADOLESCENTS | ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL | QUALITY CONTROL | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | PROGRAM EVALUATION | POLICY | CURRICULUM | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | PERCEPTION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Organization and Administration | Programs | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Education | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Personality Document Number: 329344 |
| 10. Title: School-related factors in the implementation of a positive youth development project in Hong Kong. Author: Shek DT; Chak YL; Chan CW Source: theScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:997-1009. Abstract: Individual and focus group interviews were conducted to identify school-related factors that influence the process and quality of implementation of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong. Results of this case study approach showed that the program implementation quality was generally high. Factors that facilitate the implementation of the program were identified, including administrative support from the school and social work agency, presence of dedicated teachers, positive perceptions of the program among teachers, the teachers' self-disclosure, effective continuous assessment, and excellent co-teaching mode. Difficulties encountered by the school in the process of implementation were also observed. Based on the present findings, school-related process variables that facilitate or impede the implementation of positive youth development programs in the Chinese context are discussed. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CASE STUDIES | FOCUS GROUPS | STUDENTS | ADOLESCENTS | ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL | TEACHERS | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | QUALITY CONTROL | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | POLICY | CURRICULUM | PERCEPTION | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Education | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Organization and Administration | Programs | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 329349 |
| 11. Title: Positive school and classroom environment: precursors of successful implementation of positive youth development programs. Author: Sun RC; Shek DT; Siu AM Source: TheScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:1063-74. Abstract: This case study was based on a school where the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. was integrated into the formal curriculum. In this case study, an interview with the school principal, vice-principal, and social worker was conducted in order to understand their perceptions of administrative arrangements and issues in the school, implementation characteristics, program effectiveness, program success, and overall impression. Results showed that several positive school and classroom attributes were conducive to program success, including positive school culture and belief in students' potentials, an inviting school environment, an encouraging classroom environment, high involvement of school administrative personnel, and systematic program arrangement. Language: English Keywords: HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | KAP SURVEYS | ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL | SOCIAL WORKERS | ADOLESCENTS | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | CURRICULUM | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | PERCEPTION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | CULTURE | BELIEFS | ENVIRONMENT | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Organization and Administration | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Education | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Personality Document Number: 329345 |
| 12. Title: Adolescents, social support and help-seeking behaviour: An international literature review and programme consultation with recommendations for action. Author: Barker G Source: Geneva, Switzerland, World Health Organization [WHO], Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development, 2007. 56 p. (WHO Discussion Papers on Adolescence) Abstract: With this brief introduction and justification, this document presents: The findings from an international literature review on the topic of adolescents and help-seeking behaviour. The results of a programme consultation with 35 adolescent health programmes (including public health sector programmes, university-based adolescent health programmes and non-government organizations (NGO) working in adolescent health) from Latin America (10), the Western Pacific region (4), Asia (20), and the Middle East (1), and the results of six key informant interviews. These results are incorporated into the literature review where relevant. The complete report from this consultation of programmes is found in Appendix 1. Recommendations for action, including a brief outline for developing a set of guidelines for the rapid assessment of social supports to promote the help-seeking of adolescents. This document is part of a WHO project to identify and define evidence-based strategies for influencing adolescent help-seeking and identify research questions and activities to promote improved help-seeking behaviour by adolescents. To achieve this objective, the consultants, with WHO guidance: (1) carried out an international literature review of the topic; (2) sent 67 questionnaires and received 35 questionnaires back from adolescent health programmes on the topic of adolescents and help-seeking in the four regions; and (3) carried out key informant interviews with nine individuals (three in Latin America, three in the Pacific region and three in South Asia). The consultants also developed short case studies of illustrative approaches in promoting help-seeking behaviour. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | LITERATURE REVIEW | RECOMMENDATIONS | CASE STUDIES | ADOLESCENTS | SOCIAL NETWORKS | WHO | RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR | UTILIZATION OF HEALTH CARE | SOCIAL POLICY | HEALTH POLICY | QUESTIONNAIRES | ADOLESCENT HEALTH SERVICES | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | Studies | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Friends and Relatives | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | UN | International Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Behavior | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Policy | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 322586 |
| 13. Title: Emerging adulthood in Europe: Common traits and variability across five European countries. Author: Buhl HM; Lanz M Source: Journal of Adolescent Research. 2007 Sep;22(5):439-443. Abstract: The fact that there is a specific age marking the emergence of adulthood in the United States has been well documented. The starting point for the studies included in this special issue is the assumption that the same can be said for European countries. Thus, a comparison of characteristics of emerging adulthood between different European countries was performed. In this special issue, contributions of scholars from five different European countries are taken as representative of different regions: Spain, Italy, Finland, Germany, and the Czech Republic. The efforts of the research are twofold. The first is to look at how the traditional markers of adulthood have changed and how the concept of adulthood is seen in the different countries. The second is to highlight the influence that the entrance into the working world and romantic partnership have on emerging adults and to detect the impact of the timing of entering adulthood on identity achievement. The results are presented here as different pathways that emerging adults follow to reach the same goal of mature adulthood. (author's) Language: English Keywords: EUROPE | CRITIQUE | YOUTH | ADULTS | SELF-PERCEPTION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | EMPLOYMENT | CULTURE | SOCIAL CHANGE | Developed Countries | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Perception | Behavior | Personality | Child Rearing | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 313796 |
| 14. Title: Gender equity for the 21st century: The imperative for women to control their bodies. Author: Gallagher KA Source: Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. 2007 Jan-Feb;18(1):63-66. Abstract: Have you heard the song Pussy Control? If not, you might want to take a listen to it. Despite its shocking use of the taboo word pussy, it is an incredibly empowering song. The illustrious, if vulgar, thought promulgates in a woman's mind that she, in fact and in deed, is the owner of her destiny. Such ownership begins by understanding the weight and power she wields with a few small skin flaps south of her belly button. In large part, she controls her life, and the world, when she truly owns her vagina and her sexual and reproductive health and well-being. Of course I reference she as every woman, in every corner and curve of the world. At the XIV International AIDS Society Conference, both Bill and Melinda Gates spoke passionately, if not eloquently, about the imperative of pussy control as it relates to HIV. Although neither used those words and they were in fact much more urbane in their presentations, the idea is the same. Women of the world are ravaged by HIV infection. This is often because of the fact that they have no true ownership of their bodies, of their health (reproductive, physical, mental or otherwise), or of their place in the world as competent, dignified human members in a world community. They are deprived of a voice and socialized to be forgettable and thus do not receive legitimate consideration or respect of their needs, concerns, and power. Honest ownership by a woman of her body, all of it, and acknowledgement of such property rights is the beginning of the end of gender inequality, and in some part, of the spread of HIV. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CRITIQUE | WOMEN | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | LOW INCOME POPULATION | GENDER ISSUES | INEQUALITIES | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | MALE ROLE | FEMALE ROLE | HIV PREVENTION | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Women's Status | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Social Behavior Document Number: 312891 |
| 15. Peer Reviewed Title: Paediatric HIV / AIDS disclosure: Towards a developmental and process-oriented approach. Author: Lesch A; Swartz L; Kagee A; Moodley K; Kafaar Z Source: AIDS Care. 2007 Jul;19(6):811-816. Abstract: As antiretroviral therapy becomes more widely available in low-resource settings and children with HIV/AIDS live for longer periods, disclosure of HIV diagnosis to infected children is becoming increasingly important. This article reviews the current literature on HIV-related disclosure in light of theories of cognitive development, and argues for the adoption of a process-oriented approach to discussing HIV with infected children. Disclosure presents unique challenges to healthcare workers and caregivers of children with HIV/AIDS that include controlling the flow of information about the child's HIV status to him/her and deciding on what is in his/her best interest. Health care workers' and caregivers' views regarding disclosure to children may often be contradictory, with healthcare workers likely to support disclosing the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS to children and caregivers more reluctant to discuss the disease with them. There is a clear need for practical interventions to support paediatric HIV disclosure which provide children with age-appropriate information about the disease. (author's) Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | LITERATURE REVIEW | EVALUATION | CHILDREN | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | COUNSELORS | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | CHILD DEVELOPMENT | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | AGE FACTORS | COUNSELING | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Youth | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Behavior | Biology | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 317616 |
| 16. Title: Contemporary Czech emerging adults: Generation growing up in the period of social changes. Author: Macek P; Bejcek J; Vanickova J Source: Journal of Adolescent Research. 2007 Sep;22(5):444-475. Abstract: Similarly to other European countries, in the Czech Republic scholars can identify a developmental stage of emerging adulthood. There has been a lack of studies describing subjective feelings and personal everyday experiences of young Czechs at this age. Results of the quantitative Study 1 indicate that two thirds of respondents experience the present time as the age of feeling in-between. Demographic and social characteristics are related to the subjective developmental status. Psychological characteristics also differentiate: Compared with emerging adults, the adults consider themselves as more emotionally stable, have a clearer idea about their future, and view adult life as more attractive. Qualitative Study 2 aims to specify feelings and experiences of contemporary emerging adults. The respondents especially emphasize the feeling of freedom, which may be viewed in connection with social changes in Czech society. However, often freedom correlates with anxieties and doubts concerning not only individual competencies and possibilities but also others' behavior. (author's) Language: English Keywords: CZECH REPUBLIC | RESEARCH REPORT | QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | QUESTIONNAIRES | MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS | YOUTH | ADULTS | SELF-PERCEPTION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT | CULTURE | SOCIAL CHANGE | Europe, Central | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Data Analysis | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Perception | Behavior | Personality | Child Rearing | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 313795 |
| 17. Title: Adolescent sexual health. Author: Monasterio E; Hwang LY; Shafer MA Source: Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care. 2007 Sep;37(8):302-325. Abstract: Starting from the perspective of normative adolescent sexual development and expression, this review article presents current data on US adolescent sexual behaviors, influences on sexual decision-making, and reproductive health outcomes in adolescents. Issues in the provision of quality adolescent sexual health care, including confidential services and promoting family communication and involvement, are addressed. Practical approaches to the clinician/ adolescent interaction are suggested, and guidelines for the care of sexually active youth including a review of principles of screening and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and information about contraceptive options for the adolescent client are incorporated. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | HEALTH SURVEYS | CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISONS | LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | ADOLESCENTS | INFORMED CONSENT | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | SEX BEHAVIOR | CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | RISK BEHAVIOR | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Health | Comparative Studies | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Behavior | Ethics | Sociocultural Factors | Personality | Psychological Factors | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Contraception | Family Planning Document Number: 319473 |
| 18. Title: Influence of parenting styles on development of children aged three to six years old. Author: Nanthamongkolchai S; Ngaosusit C; Munsawaengsub C Source: Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 2007 May;90(5):971-976. Abstract: The objective was to investigate the influences of parenting styles on development of children aged three to six years. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 360 children and their parents selected by multi-stage random sampling. The data were collected from July 24th to August 31st, 2004. The Denver II test kit and the scale by Baumrind D were used to test the child development and parenting styles respectively. A questionnaire was used to collect the family and child factors. Data were analyzed by frequency distribution and Multiple logistic regression with the significant level set at p-value of < 0.05). Parenting styles had significant influences on child development (p-value < 0.05). Children raised with a mixed parenting style had a 1.9 times higher chance of having delayed development compared with those with democratic parenting style. In addition, significant family and child factors for explaining child development were family type, mother's education, father's occupation, relationship within the family, nutritional status and sex. Parenting styles had a significant influence on child development. The children raised with mixed parenting style had a 1.9 times higher chance of having delayed development compared to those whose parents used democratic parenting style. Therefore, the parents should rear their children by using the democratic parenting style that leads to the age-appropriate development child. (author's) Language: English Keywords: THAILAND | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | CHILDREN | PARENTS | PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT | PARENTING EDUCATION | CHILD DEVELOPMENT | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | OCCUPATIONAL STATUS | FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS | CHILD NUTRITION | SEX FACTORS | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Child Rearing | Behavior | Education | Biology | Personality | Psychological Factors | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Employment Status | Nutrition | Health Document Number: 317811 |
| 19. Title: Risking it: Young heterosexual femininities in South African context of HIV / AIDS. Author: Reddy S; Dunne M Source: Sexualities. 2007;10(2):159-172. Abstract: This article explores gender power relations and the contradictions and confusions associated with sexual identity and normative (hetero-)sexual practices. Theories of 'identity' and 'performativity' are used to understand the relationships between young women's sexual identity constructions and sexual practices within the context of HIV/AIDS in South Africa. The discussion focuses on young women's accounts of their feminine identities with respect to issues of intimacy and romantic love; pregnancy, virginity and respect; desire, danger and disease; future marriage and family. It highlights the fragility and ambiguity in the processes of identity construction and performance of heterosexual femininity in an HIV/AIDS environment. Significantly, the dominant discourses of femininity through which these young women made sense of their sexual selves, stood in direct contradiction to their sexual safety. Given this, greater understanding of these identity processes would appear vital to successful strategies in the protection against HIV/AIDS in South Africa. (author's) Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | YOUTH | HETEROSEXUALS | WOMEN | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | RISK BEHAVIOR | SEXUALITY | GENDER RELATIONS | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Sex Behavior | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Personality | Psychological Factors | Gender Issues | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 321090 |
| 20. Title: The (hetero) sexualization of the military and the militarization of (hetero) sex: Discourses on male (hetero) sexual practices among a group of young men in the South African military. Author: Shefer T; Mankayi N Source: Sexualities. 2007;10(2):189-207. Abstract: The article is framed in the context of the challenge of HIV/AIDS in South Africa and recognizes that military men are particularly vulnerable to infection. This is argued on the basis of their specific contexts of mobility, isolation and being among communities where they have greater economic and political power, as well as in relation to their identities and sexualities as men, and how these are exaggerated by the institutional framework of the military. Drawing on data from a larger study exploring a group of military men's narratives on their masculinity, sexuality, sexual relationships and HIV/AIDS, the discussion is presented in four broad thematic areas. These point to core aspects of the dominant construction of male sexualities in the military and the complex intersection of hegemonic masculinities and military masculinities, which facilitate a particular vulnerability to unsafe sexual practices. The article concludes with a recommendation that tackling HIV in the military needs to involve rigorous examination of how constructions of masculinity in the military context, at the level of material conditions and in terms of normative discourses on what it means to be a man in the military, exert specific pressures on men to adhere to traditional models of being a man with their attendant sexual practices. (author's) Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | MEN | YOUTH | MILITARY PERSONNEL | HETEROSEXUALS | RISK BEHAVIOR | SEXUALITY | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | POWER | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Government | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 321098 |
| 21. Title: Learning sex and gender in Zambia: Masculinities and HIV / AIDS risk. Author: Simpson A Source: Sexualities. 2007 Apr;10(2):173-188. Abstract: For men in Southern Africa to play an effective role in efforts to combat HIV/AIDS, more needs to be learnt about their perceptions of themselves as engendered sexual beings. The author describes how a group of Zambian men learnt sex and gender and highlights the importance of the peer group in constructions of masculinity. He reveals the anxieties these men experienced in their early sexual experience and the significance of this experience in adult life. He argues that many expressions of masculinity are best understood as fragile entities and that this fragility, inculcated in childhood and adolescence, explains, in part, the risks men may take in their sexual conduct in spite of the threat of HIV/AIDS. (author's) Language: English Keywords: ZAMBIA | RESEARCH REPORT | LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | MEN | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | GENDER RELATIONS | RISK BEHAVIOR | SEX BEHAVIOR | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | SEXUALITY | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Gender Issues | Sociocultural Factors | Behavior | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 321097 |
| 22. Title: Visual art for human development workshop at the youth shelter, Monterrey Mexico. Author: Victorica G Source: Art'ishake. 2007 Summer-Fall;(6):12-13. Abstract: I want to share my experience using Visual Art for Human Development in a voluntary youth program in Monterrey Mexico. I am a Communications and Human Development Professor with a degree in Visual Arts and Mass Communication. The program is given to adolescent girls with discipline problems, in a shelter run by Catholic nuns called "Casa Hogar el Refugio", in Monterrey NL México. The workshop is voluntary so the number of participants depends on the activity I bring to them and the type of snack! The attendance is from 6 to 15 girls. The activity that is the most popular is when we paint the white walls of the school with colored chalk. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: MEXICO | CRITIQUE | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ARTS AND CRAFTS | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | North America | Americas | Developing Countries | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Culture | Sociocultural Factors | Economic Factors | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior Document Number: 320154 |
| 23. Title: Empowering adolescents in India: the Better Life Options Program. Author: Centre for Development and Population Activities [CEDPA] Source: Washington, D.C., CEDPA, 2006 Mar. [2] p. Abstract: In 1987, the Centre for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA) established the Better Life Options Program in India to address the numerous concerns and needs in an adolescent's life. The program seeks to break gender stereotypes and change the gender balance between boys and girls; develop life skills; and build self-esteem, confidence and feelings of self worth in young people. The Better Life Options Program (BLP) is based on an empowerment model and combines elements of education, family life education, life skills, vocational training, health services and character development. The program is based on CEDPA's Better Life Options and Opportunities Model (BLOOM), which focuses on an integrated and holistic approach to adolescent development. At the center of the model is the goal of developing a cadre of empowered adolescents-educated, healthy, economically empowered and capable of making autonomous decisions in life. This is achieved through an enabling environment that provides adolescents with options to make choices and take advantage of opportunities that can translate into action for their well-being. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | PROGRESS REPORT | THEORETICAL MODELS | ADOLESCENTS | GENDER RELATIONS | SEX DISCRIMINATION | SELF ESTEEM | FAMILY LIFE EDUCATION | EDUCATION | ADOLESCENT HEALTH SERVICES | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | CURRICULUM | CAPACITY BUILDING | ADVOCACY | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Gender Issues | Sociocultural Factors | Social Discrimination | Social Problems | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Personality | Program Sustainability | Programs | Organization and Administration | Communication Document Number: 318300 |
| 24. Title: International Resilience Project project report. Author: Dalhousie University. School of Social Work. International Resilience Project Source: Halifax, Canada, Dalhousie University, School of Social Work, International Resilience Project, 2006 Jan. 24 p. Abstract: The International Resilience Project (IRP) uses different types of research methods to examine aspects of young people's lives that help them cope with the many challenges they face. The project looks at how youth cope from the perspectives of youth and adults in participating communities around the world. The IRP now has partnerships with researchers and community-based organizations on six continents in over 25 communities. This report is based on work with youth and adults in eleven countries on five continents -- the initial sites of the project. Dr. Michael Ungar at Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, founded the project in 2002. From 2003 to 2005, team members from around the world developed a quantitative measure to investigate aspects of resilience among youth in ways that account for both cultural and contextual differences. Qualitative tools and interview protocols were also developed to investigate children's own accounts of their resilience and the meaning they, and their communities, give to resilience related phenomena. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CANADA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | CHILDREN | YOUTH | COMMUNITY | FAMILY AND HOUSEHOLD | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | North America, Northern | Americas | Developed Countries | North America | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Behavior | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 307110 |
| 25. Title: Transitions to adulthood. Unexplored elements of adolescence in the developing world. Author: Population Council Source: Population Briefs. 2006 Jan;12(1):[4] p.. Abstract: Adolescence entails changes, some of them drastic, in young people's bodies, emotions, capabilities, ways of thinking, and financial situations. Particularly for girls in the developing world, this period often fails to bring opportunities for increased autonomy. The circumstances of young people's lives, as well as young people's ability to meet and address the challenges they encounter as they become adults, have a direct impact on their future and the futures of their children and their country. The largest-ever generation of young people aged 10-24 is now making the transition from childhood to adulthood. One and a half billion of them--86 percent--live in developing countries. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CHINA | SUMMARY REPORT | ADOLESCENTS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | CHILD DEVELOPMENT | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | GROWTH | CHILD MARRIAGE | AGE FACTORS | MARRIAGE | EDUCATION | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Youth | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Biology | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Marriage Patterns | Nuptiality Document Number: 300386 |
| 26. Title: Evaluation of exposure and retention of youth power mass media campaign among at-risk youth age 15-25 in nine cities in Uzbekistan. Results from a TRaC-M study (2nd wave). Author: Population Services International [PSI] / Central Asia. Research Division Source: [Tashkent], Uzbekistan, PSI / Central Asia, Research Divison, 2006 Oct. 18 p. Abstract: Between May 2006 and August 2006, PSI/Uzbekistan broadcast the second wave of a mass media campaign entitled "Memories" in nine cities across Uzbekistan. This campaign targeted youth aged 15-25 who are at-risk for heroin/opiate use and injecting drugs due largely to their living on major heroin trafficking routes in Central Asia from Afghanistan to Russia and Europe. The campaign was developed based on several qualitative and quantitative studies that identified a lack of knowledge regarding the association between injecting drugs use and HIV infection among at-risk youth. The principle objectives of the campaign were to: 1. Educate at-risk youth about the dangers of injecting drugs, particularly of HIV infection, and, 2. Encourage targeted youth to go to PSI Youth Power Centers for more information and support. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UZBEKISTAN | EVALUATION REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | YOUTH | URBAN POPULATION | IV DRUG USERS | MASS MEDIA | CAMPAIGNS | BROADCASTING | DRUG USE AND ABUSE | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | TELEVISION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | Developing Countries | Asia, Central | Asia | Evaluation | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Communication | Communication Programs | Broadcast Media | Diseases | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 318960 |
| 27. Title: Same-sex attraction and successful adolescent development. Author: Busseri MA; Willoughby T; Chalmers H; Bogaert AR Source: Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 2006 Aug;35(4):563-575. Abstract: This study investigated the relation of adolescent same-sex attraction to "successful development". Based on a survey of high-school adolescents, four groups were defined according to the nature of self-reported sexual attraction: exclusively heterosexual (EHA; n = 3594); mostly heterosexual (MHA; n = 124); bisexual (BSA; n = 122); and same-sex attraction (SSA, n = 36). Groups were compared across multiple intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental domains based on mean group differences and prevalence of developmental assets. Although the EHA group reported the most positive status across domains, several similarities among the groups were noted. Groups did not differ significantly in friendship quality and perceptions of school climate in the mean group comparisons, as well as academic orientation and (low) peer victimization in the assets-based analyses. Implications for successful development among adolescents reporting same-sex attraction are discussed along with the integration of the study of non-heterosexual youth into mainstream adolescent research. (author's) Language: English Keywords: CANADA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | ADOLESCENTS | HOMOSEXUALS | BISEXUALS | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | PERCEPTION | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | Developed Countries | North America, Northern | Americas | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Psychological Factors | Personality Document Number: 312628 |
| 28. Peer Reviewed Title: Born unwanted, 35 years later: the Prague Study. Author: David HP Source: Reproductive Health Matters. 2006 May;14(27):181-190. Abstract: A long-held belief among mental health practitioners is that being born unwanted carries a risk of negative psychosocial development and poor mental health in adulthood. The Prague Study was designed to test this hypothesis. It followed the development and mental well-being of 220 children (now adults) born in 1961--63 in Prague to women twice denied abortion for the same unwanted pregnancy. The children were individually pair-matched at about age nine with 220 children born from accepted pregnancies when no abortion had been requested. This article brings together in one place the theoretical assumptions and hypotheses, the criteria for selecting the study participants and major findings from five follow-up waves conducted among the children around the ages of 9, 14--16, 21--23, 28--31 and 32--35 years, plus a sub-study of married unwanted pregnancy subjects and accepted pregnancy controls at ages 26--28. To control for potential confounding factors in data interpretation, all siblings of all subjects were included in the last two waves. It was found that differences in psychosocial development widened over time but lessened at around age 30. All the differences consistently disfavoured the unwanted pregnancy subjects, especially only children (no siblings). They became psychiatric patients (especially in-patients) more frequently than the accepted pregnancy controls and also more often than their siblings. The overall findings suggest that, in the aggregate, denial of abortion for unwanted pregnancy entails an increased risk for negative psychosocial development and mental well-being in adulthood. (author's) Language: English Keywords: CZECH REPUBLIC | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE CONTROL STUDIES | ADULTS | ABORTION | CHILDREN | PREGNANCY, UNPLANNED | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | CHILD DEVELOPMENT | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | Developing Countries | Europe, Central | Europe | Studies | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Youth | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Behavior | Biology | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 304730 Notification |
| 29. Title: The influence of developmental idealism on marriage: evidence from Nepal. Author: de Jong JA; Ghimire DJ; Thornton A Source: [Unpublished] 2006. Presented at the Population Association of America, 2006 Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, California, March 30 - April 1, 2006. 53 p. Abstract: We hypothesize that developmental ideas and models concerning family life have been disseminated widely around the world where they have become forces for both ideational and behavioral change. In this paper, we examine the ways in which marriage has been influenced by these ideas of development in Nepal, a country that has historically practiced young age at marriage, arranged marriage, taboos against intercaste marriage, polygamy, and almost no divorce as recently as the 1950s. Using qualitative and quantitative data from recent face-to-face interviews, we demonstrate that large fractions of Nepalis now endorse marriage behavior similar to that found in the West. The evidence suggested that preferred age at marriage has risen, tolerance for intercaste marriage has increased, divorce has become more permissible, young people are more likely to be involved in their spousal choice, and polygamy has greatly decreased. Further analyses examine potential mechanisms, such as education and media exposure, behind this recent change. (author's) Language: English Keywords: NEPAL | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | THEORETICAL MODELS | EVER MARRIED | FAMILY LIFE | MARRIAGE PATTERNS | CHILD MARRIAGE | MARRIAGE AGE | ARRANGED MARRIAGE | CASTE | TABOO | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | POLYGAMY | SOCIAL CHANGE | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Marital Status | Nuptiality | Demographic Factors | Population | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Marriage | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Culture | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior Document Number: 317410 |
| 30. Title: Personality, identity styles, and religiosity: an integrative study among late and middle adolescents. Author: Duriez B; Soenens B Source: Journal of Adolescence. 2006 Feb;29(1):119-135. Abstract: Past research has shown that the way people deal with religion is related to prejudice. Therefore, it is important to study the determinants of individual differences in adolescent religious attitudes. In the present study, it is proposed that both differences in personality and identity formation might determine these religious attitudes. Recently, Duriez, Soenens, and Beyers tested an integrative model of the Five Factor Model of personality, Berzonsky’s identity styles and the religiosity dimensions of Exclusion vs. Inclusion of Transcendence and Literal vs. Symbolic. In this model, it is assumed that the relationships between adolescent personality and adolescent religious attitudes are mediated by the identity styles. The aim was to replicate this model among late adolescents (Sample 1; N = 332) and to test whether it extends to middle adolescence (Sample 2; N = 323). Whereas most personality factors were weakly and inconsistently related to the religiosity dimensions, Openness to Experience was consistently positively related to Literal vs. Symbolic and negatively to Exclusion vs. Inclusion of Transcendence. Whereas the former relation was mediated by the informational identity style, the latter relation was mediated by the normative identity style in Sample 1 only. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BELGIUM | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | THEORETICAL MODELS | ADOLESCENTS | STUDENTS | PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT | RELIGIOUS ASPECTS | SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION | ATTITUDES | UNIVERSITIES | Europe, Western | Europe | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Religion | Sociocultural Factors | Social Problems | Schools Document Number: 300262 |
 |
||
 |
Information & Knowledge for Optimal Health (INFO) Project 111 Market Place Suite 310, Baltimore, MD 21202 Phone: 410-659-6300 Fax: 410-659-6266 Security & Privacy Policy |  |