1.  Title: Philani program: a case study of an integrative approach of empowerment and social and economic development. Author: Austin SA; Mbewu N Source: Social Work In Public Health. 2009 Jan-Apr;24(1-2):148-60. Abstract: This article reports a case study of a South African nongovernmental organization's role in implementing maternal and child health care services for families in Khayelitsha, an informal township in the Western Cape. The township is an extremely poor community with high unemployment and many other social indicators of high need. The case study explores how services were enhanced to respond to the service needs of children and families. The role of economic development as a means of empowering the mothers is examined within the context of nongovernmental organization services. The implications of developing services that integrate social and economic development are discussed as a model for social work practice in the United States. Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | SUMMARY REPORT | CASE STUDIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES | NEEDS | POVERTY | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | SOCIAL POLICY | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Studies | Research Methodology | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Economic Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Women's Status | Programs | Organization and Administration | Policy Document Number: 341952 |
| 3. Peer Reviewed Title: Can sex workers regulate police? Learning from an HIV prevention project for sex workers in southern India. Author: Biradavolu MR; Burris S; George A; Jena A; Blankenship KM Source: Social Science and Medicine. 2009 Apr;68(8):1541-7. Abstract: There is an argument that policing practices exacerbate HIV risk, particularly for female sex workers. Interventions that mobilize sex workers to seek changes in laws and law enforcement practices have been prominent in India and have received considerable scholarly attention. Yet, there are few studies on the strategies sex worker advocates use to modify police behavior or the struggles they face in challenging state institutions. This paper draws upon contemporary theories of governance and non-state regulation to analyze the evolving strategies of an HIV prevention non-governmental organization (NGO) and female sex worker community-based organizations (CBOs) to reform police practices in southern India. Using detailed ethnographic observations of NGO and CBO activities over a two year period, and key informant interviews with various actors in the sex trade, this paper shows how a powerless group of marginalized and stigmatized women were able to leverage the combined forces of community empowerment, collective action and network-based governance to regulate a powerful state actor, and considers the impact of the advocacy strategies on sex worker well-being. Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | POLICE | SEX WORKERS | HIV PREVENTION | INTERVENTIONS | ADVOCACY | POWER | INTERVIEWS | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Corrections Officers | Government | Sex Behavior | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Programs | Organization and Administration | Communication | Data Collection | Research Methodology Document Number: 341691 |
| 4. Peer Reviewed Title: Project AID Khmer: addressing the health impact of HIV/AIDS on Cambodia through rural capacity building. Author: Chang M; Kong NB; Phal V; Pugatch D; Allen S Source: Global Public Health. 2009 May 27;:1-12. Abstract: HIV/AIDS prevention efforts in Cambodia have largely focussed on urban populations. This focus, however, has diverted attention from the impact of the disease on rural communities, where poverty and a lack of basic infrastructure forced many to migrate to urban areas. Rural communities thus play a crucial part in the understanding of HIV/AIDS transmission dynamics in Cambodia. This paper will provide an analysis of socio-economic and health-related needs of rural communities in Cambodia, giving a different context for understanding the national burden of HIV/AIDS. These concepts will be illustrated with experiences from Project AID Khmer, a Cambodian non-governmental organisation that is working to improve Cambodian health through education programmes and community capacity building in rural Takeo province. Language: English Keywords: CAMBODIA | RESEARCH REPORT | EVALUATION | RURAL POPULATION | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | CAPACITY BUILDING | HIV PREVENTION | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | PROGRAM EVALUATION | POVERTY | AGRICULTURE | LAND TENURE | RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION | HIV TRANSMISSION | RISK FACTORS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Program Sustainability | Programs | Organization and Administration | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Economic Factors | Macroeconomic Factors | Migration | Population Dynamics | Health Document Number: 341470 |
| 5. Peer Reviewed Title: [Abortion: 20 years of Brazilian research] Aborto: 20 anos de pesquisas no Brasil. Author: Diniz D; Correa M; Squinca F; Braga KS Source: Cadernos De Saude Publica. 2009 Apr;25(4):939-42. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to discuss the main characteristics of the scientific literature on abortion in Brazil. Data were collected from 88 literature bases, and 2,109 documents from 1987 to 2008 were retrieved. Based on the findings, the field of abortion in Brazil is dominated by female researchers affiliated with public universities and nongovernmental organizations from the Southeast, with training in health sciences. There is no research on abortion in the North, while 14% of the studies were conducted in the Northeast and 4% in the Central-West. Abortion has been a constant theme in the scientific literature in Brazil, increasing in the mid-20th century. Language: Portuguese Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA COLLECTION | LITERATURE REVIEW | WOMEN | ABORTION | UNIVERSITIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Schools | Education | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Technology | Economic Factors Document Number: 342613 Notification |
6.  Title: Haiti: Going to scale with a performance incentive model. Author: Eichler R; Auxila P; Antoine U; Desmangles B Source: In: Performance incentives for global health: potential and pitfalls [by] Rena Eichler, Ruth Levine and the Performance-Based Incentives Working Group. Washington, D.C., Center for Global Development, 2009. :165-188. Abstract: Rewarding NGOs for increasing access to a package of basic services and paying them for achieving population-based performance targets can result in significant increases in essential services such as immunizations and assisted deliveries. Paying NGOs for results strengthens institutional capacity to deliver services from the bottom up. Changes in the design throughout the six years offer lessons for other contexts. Language: English Keywords: HAITI | RESEARCH REPORT | PILOT PROJECTS | MATERNAL HEALTH | CHILD HEALTH | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | FAMILY PLANNING | MEASUREMENT | PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT | PROGRAM ACTIVITIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION | PROGRAM EVALUATION | MONITORING | Developing Countries | Caribbean | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Health | Management | Programs | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Evaluation Document Number: 331456 |
| 7. Title: Systematic analysis of research underfunding in maternal and perinatal health. Author: Fisk NM; Atun R Source: BJOG. 2009 Feb;116(3):347-56. Abstract: BACKGROUND: Little published evidence supports the widely held contention that research in pregnancy is underfunded compared with other disease areas. OBJECTIVES: To assess absolute and relative government and charitable funding for maternal and perinatal research in the UK and internationally. SEARCH STRATEGY, SELECTION CRITERIA, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYSIS: Major research funding bodies and alliances were identified from an Internet search and discussions with opinion leaders/senior investigators. Websites and annual reports were reviewed for details of strategy, research spend, grants awarded, and allocation to maternal and/or perinatal disease using generic and disease-specific search terms. MAIN RESULTS: Within the imprecision in the data sets, < or =1% of health research spend in the UK was on maternal/perinatal health. Other countries fared better with 1-4% investment, although nonexclusive categorisation may render this an overestimate. In low-resource settings, government funders focused on infectious disease but not maternal and perinatal health despite high relative disease burden, while global philanthropy concentrated on service provision rather than research. Although research expenditure has been deemed as appropriate for 'reproductive health' disease burden in the UK, there are no data on the equity of maternal/perinatal research spend against disease burden, which globally may justify a manyfold increase. AUTHOR'S CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review of research expenditure and priorities from national and international funding bodies suggests relative underinvestment in maternal/perinatal health. Contributing factors include the low political priority given to women's health, the challenging nature of clinical research in pregnancy, and research capacity dearth as a consequence of chronic underinvestment. Language: English Keywords: UNITED KINGDOM | LITERATURE REVIEW | EVALUATION | POLICYMAKERS | GOVERNMENT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | CHILDBIRTH | MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES | FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES | ECONOMIC FACTORS | PREGNANCY | GRANTS | RESEARCH ACTIVITIES | EXPENDITURES | Developed Countries | Europe, Western | Europe | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Organizations | Pregnancy Outcomes | Reproduction | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Research Methodology Document Number: 331089 |
| 8. Peer Reviewed Title: Challenge and co-operation: civil society activism for access to HIV treatment in Thailand. Author: Ford N; Wilson D; Cawthorne P; Kumphitak A; Kasi-Sedapan S; Kaetkaew S; Teemanka S; Donmon B; Preuanbuapan C Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2009 Mar;14(3):258-66. Abstract: Civil society has been a driving force behind efforts to increase access to treatment in Thailand. A focus on HIV medicines brought civil society and non-governmental and government actors together to fight for a single cause, creating a platform for joint action on practical issues to improve care for people with HIV/AIDS (PHA) within the public health system. The Thai Network of People with HIV/AIDS, in partnership with other actors, has provided concrete support for patients and for the health system as a whole; its efforts have contributed significantly to the availability of affordable generic medicines, early treatment for opportunistic infections, and an informed and responsible approach towards antiretroviral treatment that is critical to good adherence and treatment success. This change in perception of PHA from 'passive receiver' to 'co-provider' of health care has led to improved acceptance and support within the healthcare system. Today, most PHA in Thailand can access treatment, and efforts have shifted to supporting care for excluded populations. Language: English Keywords: THAILAND | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | ADVOCACY | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | AIDS PREVENTION | TREATMENT | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE | USER COMPLIANCE | PERCEPTION | ACCEPTANCE PROCESS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Communication | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | AIDS | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Health | HIV | Behavior | Psychological Factors | Decision Making Document Number: 330957 |
| 9. Peer Reviewed Title: A public policy approach to local models of HIV/AIDS control in Brazil. Author: Le Loup G; de Assis A; Costa-Couto MH; Thoenig JC; Fleury S; de Camargo K Jr; Larouze B Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2009 Jun;99(6):1108-15. Abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated involvement and cooperation patterns of local Brazilian AIDS program actors and the consequences of these patterns for program implementation and sustainability. METHODS: We performed a public policy analysis (documentary analysis, direct observation, semistructured interviews of health service and nongovernmental organization [NGO] actors) in 5 towns in 2 states, Sao Paulo and Para. RESULTS: Patterns suggested 3 models. In model 1, local government, NGOs, and primary health care services were involved in AIDS programs with satisfactory response to new epidemiological trends but a risk that HIV/AIDS would become low priority. In model 2, mainly because of NGO activism, HIV/AIDS remained an exceptional issue, with limited responses to new epidemiological trends and program sustainability undermined by political instability. In model 3, involvement of public agencies and NGOs was limited, with inadequate response to epidemiological trends and poor mobilization threatening program sustainability. CONCLUSIONS: Within a common national AIDS policy framework, the degree of involvement and cooperation between public and NGO actors deeply impacts population coverage and program sustainability. Specific processes are required to maintain actor mobilization without isolating AIDS programs. Language: English Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | AIDS PREVENTION | HIV PREVENTION | HEALTH POLICY | DECENTRALIZATION | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | COORDINATION | IMPLEMENTATION | PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Policy | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 341684 |
| 10. Peer Reviewed Title: Cultural scripts for multiple and concurrent partnerships in southern Africa: Why HIV prevention needs anthropology. Author: Leclerc-Madlala S Source: Sexual Health. 2009;6(2):103-110. Abstract: Background: Multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships have been identified as southern Africa's key behavioural driver of HIV, resulting in calls to make partner reduction programming central to an intensified HIV prevention focus. Various efforts are currently being made in the region in response to this call. Such efforts will likely have as limited success as past prevention efforts if the cultural milieu in which sexual partnering practices are located and reproduced remains poorly understood, unaccounted for, and unaddressed in prevention programming. Methods: Focussed ethnographic discussions were held between October 2007 and November 2008 with 228 members of southern African non-government organisations representing seven countries. Discussions formed part of follow-up activities to a high level regional meeting and were aimed at exploring contextual factors in HIV transmission, most especially the role of culture in relation to multiple and concurrent partnerships. Results: Common patterns in cultural scripts for the performance of sexuality were discernable. Several predominant scripts that tend to affirm and lend cultural legitimacy to multiple and concurrent partnering were identified, discussed and analysed. Conclusion: Effectuating change at the level of cultural scripting to discourage multiple and concurrent partnerships is required for sustainable long-term protection of people and communities against HIV. The success of partner reduction programs will be largely determined by the extent to which they are informed by anthropological knowledge and work with cultural logics to allow people to envision how they can transform obstacles into support for risk reduction. (author's) Language: English Keywords: AFRICA, SOUTHERN | CRITIQUE | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | MULTIPLE PARTNERS | CULTURE | HIV PREVENTION | ANTHROPOLOGY, CULTURAL | SEXUALITY | INFIDELITY | SEXUAL ABUSE | RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR | WORKSHOPS | Developing Countries | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Sexual Partners | Sex Behavior | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Anthropology | Social Sciences | Science | Personality | Psychological Factors | Crime | Social Problems | Education Document Number: 342231 |
| 11. Title: Mexico City Policy and assistance for voluntary population planning [memorandum] Author: Obama BH Source: Washington, D.C., White House, 2009 Jan 23. [2] p. Abstract: Memorandum for the Secretary of State and the administrator of the United States Agency for International Development with appended statement of President Barack Obama on rescinding the Mexico City policy, including the following: "It is clear that the provisions of the Mexico City Policy are unnecessarily broad and unwarranted under current law, and for the past eight years, they have undermined efforts to promote safe and effective voluntary family planning in developing countries. For these reasons, it is right for us to rescind this policy and restore critical efforts to protect and empower women and promote global economic development.", The White House, Office of the Press Secretary (23 Jan 2009). White House press statement appended 31 Mar 2009. (Excerpts) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | GOVERNMENT PUBLICATION | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | GOVERNMENT AGENCIES | GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS | ABORTION LAW | FAMILY PLANNING POLICY | FOREIGN AID | USAID | GRANTS | STANDARDS | POPULATION POLICY | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Social Policy | Policy | Financial Activities | Economic Factors | Research Methodology Document Number: 331358 Notification |
| 12. Title: A rights-based approach to accessing health determinants. Author: Perkins F Source: Global Health Promotion. 2009 Mar;16(1):61-4. Abstract: This commentary summarizes the experience and learnings from a site visit in May 2008 to a drop-in centre for vulnerable women in downtown Cairo run by El-Shehab Institution for Comprehensive Development, which provides street outreach for the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI). The Centre successfully provides services and support for women, many of who are displaced or refugees and are from the most marginalized areas in Cairo. Through a rights-based approach to the work, the Centre helps people living in the slums fight and win the right to access clean water, sewerage and electrical power in their communities. An individual-based approach to human rights is also used. In the last year El-Shehab have helped 67 women go to court and win their marriage rights from husbands who have abandoned them. Their approach is an example of a successful way to achieve access to basic health determinants. Language: English Keywords: EGYPT | SLUMS | CRITIQUE | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | SEX WORKERS | HIV PREVENTION | AIDS PREVENTION | HUMAN RIGHTS | HEALTH | ADVOCACY | WATER SUPPLY | SANITATION | ELECTRICITY | COURT DECISION | Developing Countries | Africa, North | Africa | Urbanization | Urban Population Distribution | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Population | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Sex Behavior | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | AIDS | Communication | Natural Resources | Environment | Public Health | Energy Supply | Litigation Document Number: 342373 |
| 13. Title: Known to be positive but not in care: a pilot study from Thailand. Author: Rithpho P; Grimes DE; Grimes RM; Senaratana W Source: Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care. 2009 May-Jun;8(3):202-7. Abstract: This study was designed to describe persons with HIV/ AIDS (PWHAs) in Thailand who have not disclosed their HIV status to the government HIV clinics to receive medical care. Objectives were to (1) demonstrate a way to access these persons, and (2) describe their characteristics, HIV status, reasons for nondisclosure, and problems related to their self-care. Two nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) serving the nonmedical needs of PWHAs were used. In all, 22 PWHAs participated. Approximately 80% have known their HIV status for more than 1 year and 30% for more than 5 years. Almost 60% currently used recreational drugs. Reasons for not disclosing their HIV status included that they were still healthy (81.8%) and worried about stigma (77.3%). Two thirds will disclose when a serious problem occurs. This study demonstrates that this population can be accessed and studied through NGOs and that this population differs slightly from PWHAs in Thailand studied at initiation of medical care. Language: English Keywords: THAILAND | RESEARCH REPORT | SAMPLING STUDIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | NONACCEPTORS | UTILIZATION OF HEALTH CARE | NONACCEPTOR CHARACTERISTICS | SELF CARE | INTERVIEWS | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Data Collection | HIV Document Number: 342449 |
| 14. Title: Foot soldiers of global health: teaching and preaching AIDS science and modern medicine on the frontline. Author: Robins S Source: Medical Anthropology. 2009 Jan-Mar;28(1):81-107. Abstract: This article investigates the ways in which global health messages and forms of health citizenship are mediated by AIDS activists in rural South Africa. It focuses on how these activists and treatment literacy practitioners are not only concerned with changing the lives of people living with AIDS to better manage biological conditions associated with their seropositive status, but also with how they are also committed to recruiting new members into their biopolitical projects and epistemic communities. These mobilization processes involve translating and mediating biomedical ideas and practices into vernacular forms that can be easily understood and acted on by the "targets" of these recruitment strategies. However, these processes of "vernacularization" of biomedical knowledge often occur in settings where even the most basic scientific understandings and framings of medicine cannot be taken for granted. This ethnographic case study shows that global health programs and their local mediators often encounter "friction" from the most powerful national actors as well as the most marginalized local ones. Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RURAL AREAS | CRITIQUE | CASE STUDIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS | HIV INFECTIONS | AIDS | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | IMPLEMENTATION | ADVOCACY | MESSAGE DEVELOPMENT | OBSTACLES | POLITICAL FACTORS | BELIEFS | TRADITIONAL MEDICINE | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Geographic Factors | Population | Studies | Research Methodology | Organizations | Sociocultural Factors | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Viral Diseases | Diseases | HIV | Programs | Communication | Culture | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 342376 |
| 15. Title: Afghanistan: Paying NGOs for performance in a postconflict setting. Author: Sondorp E; Palmer N; Strong L; Wali A Source: In: Performance incentives for global health: potential and pitfalls, [by] Rena Eichler, Ruth Levine and the Performance-Based Incentives Working Group. Washington, D.C., Center for Global Development, 2009. :139-164. Abstract: Large-scale contracting of nongovernmental organizations can deliver essential services to the population, even in a postconflict setting with weak service delivery capacity. Government stewardship of the health sector can be enhanced with services delivered by contracted nongovernmental organizations. Results suggest that nongovernmental organizations that are paid based partly on results perform better than those that are paid for expenditures on inputs, although this evidence is far from conclusive. Language: English Keywords: AFGHANISTAN | RESEARCH REPORT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | HEALTH SERVICES | EXPENDITURES | FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES | PROGRAM ACTIVITIES | PROGRAM EVALUATION | MONITORING | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Economic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Evaluation Document Number: 331455 |
| 16. Peer Reviewed Title: Power and empowerment: Fostering effective collaboration in meeting the needs of orphans and vulnerable children. Author: Wallis A; Dukay V; Mellins C Source: Global Public Health. 2009 Jul 22;:1-14. Abstract: In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV/AIDS has resulted in a rapidly growing population of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). These OVC have strained the traditional safety net provided by extended families to its breaking point. Increasingly, community-based initiatives are emerging to fill the gap. However, relatively little is known about these efforts and their effectiveness. This article looks at one such initiative in rural Tanzania, and explores the relationship between local communities that seek to empower themselves to address the needs of their OVC and external organisations that have the resources and power to help them. This case study describes the successful effort of a community to build a Centre housing its orphans, and the subsequent closure of that Centre despite its evident success, because of a conflict between internal and external interests. This case study is used as the basis of a broader discussion on how those with power, and communities seeking empowerment, are complexly intertwined. Language: English Keywords: TANZANIA | RURAL AREAS | CRITIQUE | CASE STUDIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN | NEEDS | HIV INFECTIONS | AIDS | COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION | POWER | PROGRAM EVALUATION | PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY | COORDINATION | Developing Countries | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Geographic Factors | Population | Studies | Research Methodology | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Family and Household | Economic Factors | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Organization and Administration | Programs Document Number: 342277 |
| 17. Title: The expansion of community-based tuberculosis programming: crucial program design issues for new partners. Author: CORE Group Source: Washington, D.C., CORE Group, 2008 Jan. 49 p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. GHS-A-00-05-0006-00) Abstract: The Tuberculosis Working Group of the CORE Group met with global partners and colleague agencies over two days in Washington, D.C., in early 2007. The meeting, "Lessons Learned Exchange: TB Programming from the Community-Based Perspective," sought to gather and exchange lessons learned in community-based treatment of tuberculosis (TB). This paper reflects participant discussions and lessons learned that were articulated throughout the event. This document outlines nine project-design challenges most likely to face those working at the community level. This document should be used as a primer for gaining a better understanding of the challenges community-based programs and providers face, as well as some of the ways nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are currently addressing these challenges. This document is not intended to outline a comprehensive community-based TB effort. There is no right way to respond to the challenges outlined here. The best way to answer them will depend on the nature of your organization and in the setting in which you seek to do this work. (author's) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | TEACHING MATERIALS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | PROVIDERS WITH CLIENTS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | TUBERCULOSIS | COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES | PROGRAM DESIGN | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | STIGMA | BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION | UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Infections | Primary Health Care | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Problems | Behavior Change | Behavior | Communication Programs | Communication | Safety | Public Health Document Number: 324508 |
| 18. Title: Programming for training in FP / RH. Author: EngenderHealth. ACQUIRE Project Source: New York, New York, EngenderHealth, ACQUIRE Project, 2008. 4 p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. GPO-A-00-03-00006-00) Abstract: Programming for training is the process of planning, implementation, systems strengthening, and evaluation of training within the larger setting of RH / FP service delivery so as to improve service delivery outcomes. Programming for training reflects a comprehensive and holistic view that considers both the systems in which training and services are provided and the greater social and political environment that influences service delivery. The ACQUIRE Model for RH / FP Training is a "drill-down" of the training component of the overall ACQUIRE Program Model for FP/ RH Service Delivery. It is applicable to national, regional, and district-level RH / FP programs, and entails a focus on the centrally important fundamentals of care-informed choice, medical safety, and continuous quality improvement. The Programming for Training in RH / FP Model depicts the dynamics of the inputs and activities that contribute to the desired program outputs of stronger training systems and more providers performing to standard, which in turn contribute to achievement of the larger program outcome (goal), increased availability of quality RH / FP services. (Excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | SUMMARY REPORT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | FAMILY PLANNING TRAINING | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | TRAINING ACTIVITIES | RESOURCES | LEADERSHIP | STANDARDS | PROGRAM EVALUATION | QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE | SUPERVISION | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Training Programs | Education | Health | Organization and Administration | Research Methodology | Programs | Health Services Evaluation | Management Document Number: 331615 |
| 19. Title: AWARENESS Project. Benin country report, 2002-2007. Author: Georgetown University. Institute for Reproductive Health. AWARENESS Project Source: Washington, D.C., Georgetown University, Institute for Reproductive Health, 2008 Jan. [16] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A-00-97-00011-00) Abstract: Benin became the first African country to introduce the SDM when the Ministry of Health (MOH) and IRH agreed in December 2000 to conduct a pilot introduction study in two urban centers, Cotonou and Parakou. The study determined that strong demand for the method existed; that the SDM could be offered effectively through existing service delivery channels; that there was a high degree of acceptability and continuation of use; and that the SDM could be used correctly and consistently. The government requested IRH?s help to expand delivery of the method nationwide, an effort that began in December 2004. As service sites multiplied, Benin participated in other international, multisite studies, including a long-term (up to two-year) follow up of users and a study to determine the impact of social marketing campaigns on SDM use, particularly comparing pharmacy and clinic-based services. There was no significant difference in correct use between clients who obtained the SDM through clinics and those who obtained it in pharmacies. The government has included the SDM in national reproductive health norms, policies, and training protocols and materials. The AWARENESS Project, in collaboration with local partners, trained more than 600 providers countrywide, recording more than 12,000 SDM acceptors between 2004 and 2007. The SDM is currently offered in more than 150 public, community, and commercial sites in all 12 departments of the country. An evaluation of the integration process after three years showed that the SDM is well integrated into the health system, and was offered in all visited clinics, where 57% of providers had been trained on the SDM. The Benin program serves as a demonstration site for neighboring francophone countries. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: BENIN | TECHNICAL REPORT | FERTILITY AWARENESS | PILOT PROJECTS | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATION | CLINICAL DISTRIBUTION | PHARMACY DISTRIBUTION | COMMUNITY-BASED DISTRIBUTION | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Family Planning | Studies | Research Methodology | Programs | Organization and Administration | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Nonclinical Distribution Document Number: 327616 |
| 20. Title: AWARENESS Project. Bolivia country report, 2001-2006. Author: Georgetown University. Institute for Reproductive Health. AWARENESS Project Source: Washington, D.C., Georgetown University, Institute for Reproductive Health, 2008 Jan. [12] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A-00-97-00011-00) Abstract: IRH collaborated with the MOH and the PROCOSI (Programa de Coordinación en Salud Integral) network of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to integrate the SDM into public- and private sector services. As a result, in 2001, the MOH included the SDM in its national family planning (FP) norms and in 2004 added it to services covered by its public health insurance policy, thereby requiring that the method be provided free of charge to qualifying women at all MOH clinics. The MOH, key NGOs, and EngenderHealth (the USAID cooperating agency [CA] now responsible for TA to the MOH on family planning), all have integrated the SDM into their pre-service curricula, as have two auxiliary nursing programs in Trinidad and Beni departments. Efforts continue to integrate the SDM into the Cochabamba school of public health?s auxiliary nursing curriculum, as this school is responsible for certifying curriculum changes for all public-sector auxiliary nursing programs nationally. USAID/Bolivia discontinued field support to IRH after FY05, and IRH phased out activities in Bolivia by September 2006. By then the SDM was available in 270 MOH networks in six departments, and seven NGOs; over 2,100 providers had been trained; and over 14,000 couples were registered as SDM users. With a grant from EngenderHealth, IRH has continued to transfer capacity for further consolidation of SDM integration. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: BOLIVIA | TECHNICAL REPORT | FERTILITY AWARENESS | FAMILY PLANNING, BEHAVIORAL METHODS | IEC | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | CAPACITY BUILDING | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE | NEEDS | South America, Central | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Family Planning | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Program Sustainability | Program Evaluation | Health Services Evaluation | Economic Factors Document Number: 327617 |
| 21. Title: Saving children's lives: Why equity matters. Author: Save the Children Source: London, United Kingdom, Save the Children, 2008. [31] p. Abstract: The death of a child in infancy is an unbearable loss. In wealthy countries, this occurrence is now thankfully pretty rare. But in many of the poorest countries in the world, it is still shockingly commonplace. Save the Children believes and can demonstrate that, with determined action, it is possible to save millions of children's lives every year. The new Wealth and Survival Index - an innovative measure of performance on child mortality - highlights the critical importance of political and policy choices made at the national level, and the opportunity for all countries to enhance the survival prospects of their children. In the year 2000, world governments committed themselves to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) - eight targets for poverty reduction and development. MDG 4 is specifically focused on child survival, calling for a reduction by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, in the under-five mortality rate. While a small number of countries are on track, at current rates of progress this target will not be achieved globally until 2045. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | TECHNICAL REPORT | RECOMMENDATIONS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | CHILD MORTALITY | INFANT MORTALITY | MORTALITY DETERMINANTS | CAUSES OF DEATH | DISEASE PREVENTION | POVERTY | INEQUALITIES | CHILD HEALTH | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Prevention and Control | Diseases | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Health Document Number: 324220 |
| 22. Title: The level of Internet access and ICT training for health information professionals in sub-Saharan Africa. Author: Ajuwon GA; Rhine L Source: Health Information and Libraries Journal. 2008 Sep;25(3):175-85. Abstract: BACKGROUND: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are important tools for development. Despite its significant growth on a global scale, Internet access is limited in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Few studies have explored Internet access, use of electronic resources and ICT training among health information professionals in Africa. OBJECTIVE: The study assessed Internet access, use of electronic resources and ICT training among health information professionals in SSA. METHODS: A 26-item self-administered questionnaire in English and French was used for data collection. The questionnaire was completed by health information professionals from five Listservs and delegates at the 10th biannual Congress of the Association of Health Information and Libraries in Africa (AHILA). RESULTS: A total of 121 respondents participated in the study and, of those, 68% lived in their countries' capital. The majority (85.1%) had Internet access at work and 40.8% used cybercafes as alternative access points. Slightly less than two-thirds (61.2%) first learned to use ICT through self-teaching, whilst 70.2% had not received any formal training in the previous year. Eighty-eight per cent of respondents required further ICT training. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In SSA, freely available digital information resources are underutilized by health information professionals. ICT training is recommended to optimize use of digital resources. To harness these resources, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations must play a key role. Language: English Keywords: AFRICA, SUB SAHARAN | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES | INTERNET | TRAINING PROGRAMS | NEEDS ASSESSMENT | RESOURCES | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | Africa | Developing Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Information Networks | Communication | Education | Evaluation | Organization and Administration Document Number: 323152 |
| 23. Title: Madrasas and NGOs: complements or substitutes? Non-state providers and growth in female education in Bangladesh. Author: Asadullah MN; Chaudhury N Source: [Washington, D.C], World Bank, South Asia Region, Human Development Unit, 2008 Feb. 20 p. (Policy Research Working Paper No. 4511) Abstract: There has been a proliferation of non-state providers of education services in the developing world. In Bangladesh, for instance, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee runs more than 40,000 non-formal schools that cater to school-drop outs from poor families or operate in villages where there's little provision for formal schools. This paper presents a rationale for supporting these schools on the basis of their spillover effects on female enrollment in secondary (registered) madrasa schools (Islamic faith schools). Most madrasa high schools in Bangladesh are financed by the sate and include a modern curriculum alongside traditional religious subjects. Using an establishment-level dataset on student enrollment in secondary schools and madrasas, the authors demonstrate that the presence of madrasas is positively associated with secondary female enrollment growth. Such feminization of madrasas is therefore unique and merits careful analysis. The authors test the effects of the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee primary schools on growth in female enrollment in madrasas. The analysis deals with potential endoegeneity by using data on number of the number of school branches and female members in the sub-district. The findings show that madrasas that are located in regions with a greater number of Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee schools have higher growth in female enrollment. This relationship is further strengthened by the finding that there is, however, no effect of these schools on female enrollment growth in secular schools. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BANGLADESH | RESEARCH REPORT | STATISTICAL STUDIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ISLAM | EDUCATION | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | SCHOOL ENROLLMENT | SECONDARY SCHOOLS | RURAL DEVELOPMENT | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Religion | Women's Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Educational Status | Socioeconomic Status | Schools Document Number: 325677 |
| 24. Peer Reviewed Title: NGO facilitation of a government community-based maternal and neonatal health programme in rural India: Improvements in equity. Author: Baqui AH; Rosecrans AM; Williams EK; Agrawal PK; Ahmed S Source: Health Policy and Planning. 2008;23(4):234-243. Abstract: Socio-economic disparities in health have been well documented around the world. This study examines whether NGO facilitation of the government's community-based health programme improved the equity of maternal and newborn health in rural Uttar Pradesh, India. A quasi-experimental study design included one intervention district and one comparison district of rural Uttar Pradesh. A household survey conducted between January and June 2003 established baseline rates of programme coverage, maternal and newborn care practices, and health care utilization during 2001-02. An endline household survey was conducted after 30 months of programme implementation between January and March 2006 to measure the same indicators during 2004-05. The changes in the indicators from baseline to endline in the intervention and comparison districts were calculated by socio-economic quintiles, and concentration indices were constructed to measure the equity of programme indicators. The equity of programme coverage and antenatal and newborn care practices improved from baseline to endline in the intervention district while showing little change in the comparison district. Equity in health care utilization for mothers and newborns also showed some improvements in the intervention district, but notable socio-economic differentials remained, with the poor demonstrating less ability to access health services. NGO facilitation of government programmes is a feasible strategy to improve equity of maternal and neonatal health programmes. Improvements in equity were most pronounced for household practices, and inequities were still apparent in health care utilization. Furthermore, overall programme coverage remained low, limiting the ability to address equity. Programmes need to identify and address barriers to universal coverage and care utilization, particularly in the poorest segments of the population. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY | MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES | COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | INTERVENTIONS | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | UTILIZATION OF HEALTH CARE | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Programs | Organization and Administration | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Program Evaluation | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 327081 |
| 25. Title: Fatal misconception: the struggle to control world population. Author: Connelly M Source: Cambridge, Massachusetts, Belknap Press, 2008. xiv, 521 p. Abstract: Rather than a conspiracy theory, this book presents a cautionary tale. It is a story about the future, and not just the past. It therefore takes the form of a narrative unfolding over time, including very recent times. It describes the rise of a movement that sought to remake humanity, the reaction of those who fought to preserve patriarchy, and the victory won for the reproductive rights of both women and men -- a victory, alas, Pyrrhic and incomplete, after so many compromises, and too many sacrifices. (Excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | HISTORICAL REVIEW | LITERATURE REVIEW | CRITIQUE | POPULATION CONTROL | FAMILY PLANNING | INTERVENTIONS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | POPULATION POLICY | POPULATION PROGRAMS | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | FOREIGN AID | INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | Social Policy | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Health | Human Rights | Financial Activities | Economic Factors | Organizations Document Number: 328182 |
| 26. Title: Microcredit for people affected by HIV and AIDS: insights from Kenya. Author: Datta D; Njuguna J Source: SAHARA J. 2008 Jul;5(2):94-102. Abstract: Consequences of HIV and AIDS are exponential in Kenya, touching not only the health of those infected, but also depleting socioeconomic resources of entire families. Access to financial services is one of the important ways to protect and build economic resources. Unfortunately, the norm of financial viability discourages microfinance institutions from targeting people severely impacted by HIV and AIDS. Thus, HIV and AIDS service NGOs have been increasingly getting involved in microcredit activity in recent years for economic empowerment of their clients. Despite limited human resources and funding in the area of microcredit activity, these NGOs have demonstrated that nearly 50% of their microcredit beneficiaries invested money in income-generating activities, resulting in enhancement to their livelihood security. In the short term these NGOs need to improve their current practices. However, this does not mean launching microfinance initiatives within their AIDS-focused programmes, as financial services are best provided by specialised institutions. Longer-term cooperation between microfinance institutions and other AIDS service organisations and donors is necessary to master appropriate and rapid responses in areas experiencing severe impacts of HIV and AIDS. Language: English Keywords: KENYA | CRITIQUE | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | MICROENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT | HIV INFECTIONS | TIME FACTORS | AIDS | COORDINATION | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population Document Number: 329225 |
| 27. Peer Reviewed Title: Global and local networking for HIV / AIDS prevention: the case of the Saathii E-forum. Author: DeSouza R; Jyoti Dutta M Source: Journal of Health Communication. 2008 Jun;13(4):326–344. Abstract: The global spread of HIV/AIDS has sparked the proliferation of civil society groups working on various aspects of the disease such as prevention, treatment, support, and policy. In this article, we explore the role of the Internet in networking civil society organizations working on HIV/AIDS-related issues across local and global spaces. Specifically, we conducted a thematic analysis of an e-forum established by the nongovernmental organization (NGO) Saathii, working on HIV/AIDS issues in India to (a) identify the specific functions served by the e-forum and (b) explore how global and local actors use the e-forum to network with one another. The thematic analysis documented four key functions of the online forum: (a) to provide HIV/AIDS-related news, (b) to serve as an informational resource, (c) to promote political activism, and (d) to express emotions. The discussion elaborates on the how global and local actors network with one another and build solidarity. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | SOCIAL NETWORKS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | SUPPORT GROUPS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | INTERNET | HIV PREVENTION | HUMAN GEOGRAPHY | INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION | ADVOCACY | EMOTIONS | Friends and Relatives | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Organizations | Political Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Information Networks | Communication | Geography | Social Sciences | Science | Psychological Factors | Behavior Document Number: 327380 |
| 28. Title: Addressing sexual violence in the education system. Author: Devnarain B; Couzens M Source: Exchange on HIV / AIDS, Sexuality and Gender. 2008;(3):11-13. Abstract: South Africa has high HIV incidence and prevalence rates, with sexual violence identified by research as one of the drivers of the twin problem. The number of sexually abused children in South Africa is not known, as statistics from the South African Police Service do not provide a breakdown of the age of the victims of sexual offences. However, sexual violence against children is common, and some studies show that 20 percent of women and 13 percent of men have been sexually abused by the age of 18.1 A study by Tropical Disease Research Centre (CIET) concluded that seven percent of the respondents in a study in South African schools reported that they had been forced to have sex in the past year.2 The same study reveals that a history of sexual violence correlates positively with increased risk of HIV infection. This is the background against which the activities of Crime Reduction in Schools Project (Crisp) are undertaken in KwaZulu-Natal. Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | CHILDREN | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | TABOO | HIV PREVENTION | CHILD ABUSE | SEXUAL ABUSE | SCHOOLS | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Domestic Violence | Crime | Social Problems | Diseases | Culture | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Education | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 323157 |
| 29. Title: Evaluation of the long-term impact of the TOSTAN programme on the abandonment of FGM / C and early marriage: results from a qualitative study in Senegal. Author: Diop NJ; Moreau A; Benga H Source: [Dakar, Senegal], Population Council, Frontiers in Reproductive Health, 2008 Jan. [36] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A-00-98-00012-00) Abstract: In 1998-1999, a village empowerment programme was implemented in the Thies / Fatick and Kolda regions of Senegal by the non-governmental organization Tostan. This report is the qualitative component of an evaluation conducted at the request of UNICEF to assess the impact of this programme several years after its implementation. The overall responsibility of the evaluation was given to Macro International. The Human Development Research Centre (CRDH) implemented the quantitative component and the Population Council implemented the qualitative component, with funding from USAID through its Frontiers in Reproductive Health program. In 1998, the Tostan program was organised around the following modules: problem solving; basic hygiene; oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and vaccination; resource and financial management; leadership; feasibility studies (income-generating / micro-credit projects); women s health (sexuality, pregnancy management); child development; democracy; and sustainable management of natural resources. The ultimate goal of the programme was to mobilise communities to hold public declarations in support of abandoning harmful traditional practices, including FGM/C and child marriage. The objectives of this evaluation were to assess the: Overall impact of the program implemented by Tostan on the daily life of women and men in several communities in Senegal; Post declaration phase of the program, in order to evaluate whether it is associated with actual abandonment of FGM/C and to estimate the magnitude and pace of abandonment; Abandonment of child marriage as it is associated with FGM/C. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: SENEGAL | EVALUATION REPORT | LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | CASE CONTROL STUDIES | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING | USAID | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | HEALTH EDUCATION | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Evaluation | Studies | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Harmful Traditional Practices | Traditional Health Practices | Culture | Government Agencies | Programs | Organization and Administration | Diseases | Education Document Number: 326785 |
| 30. Title: Setting the pace for peace: understanding the Casamance conflict in Senegal. Author: Diouf PS Source: Women's World. 2008;43:3-8. Abstract: Language: English Keywords: SENEGAL | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN | ETHNIC GROUPS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | WAR | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | HUMAN GEOGRAPHY | HUMAN RIGHTS | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION | CONSTITUTION | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Cultural Background | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Organizations | Political Factors | Domestic Violence | Crime | Social Problems | Geography | Social Sciences | Science Document Number: 331337 |
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