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1.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Psychological distress by type of fertility barrier.
Author: Jacob MC; McQuillan J; Greil AL
Source: Human Reproduction. 2007 Mar;22(3):885-894.
Abstract: We examined fertility-specific distress (FSD) and general distress by type of fertility barrier (FB). In a random sample telephone survey, 580 US women reported their fertility intentions and histories. Six groups of women were identified: (i) no FBs, (ii) infertile with intent, (iii) infertile without intent, (iv) other fertility problems, (v) miscarriages and (vi) situational barriers. Multiple regression analyses were used to compare groups with FBs. Sixty-one percent reported FBs and 28% reported an inability to conceive for at least 12 months. The infertile with intent group had the highest FSD, which was largely explained by (a) self-identification as infertile and (b) seeking medical help for fertility. The no FB group had a mean Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale score above the commonly used cut-off of 16, although 23% of the women with FBs did score above 16. FBs are common. Self-identification as infertile is the largest source of FSD. More women with FBs had elevated general distress than women without FBs; mean general distress was below 16 for all FB groups. It may be that, for some women (even those with children), FBs can have lasting emotional consequences, but many women do heal from the emotional distress that may accompany fertility difficulties. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS | EVALUATION INDEXES | WOMEN | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | STRESS | INFERTILITY | EMOTIONS | Developed Countries | United States of America | North America | Americas | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Analysis | Quantitative Evaluation | Evaluation | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Reproduction
Document Number: 312205

2.
Title: Weekly problems scales: instruments for sexually abused youth and their nonoffending parents in treatment.
Author: Sawyer GK; Tsao EH; Hansen DJ; Flood MF
Source: Child Maltreatment. 2006 Feb;11(1):34-48.
Abstract: This study's purpose was to determine if efficient measures could be created to assess multiple problematic behaviors identified in youth who were sexually abused and in treatment. Because of the lack of easily administered brief instruments that assess multiple domains of interest in this population, complementary parent and child assessment measures were developed. The Weekly Problems Scale--Child Version (WPSC) and the Weekly Problems Scale--Parent Version (WPS-P) were created to monitor the weekly progress of the child and family in treatment and focus specifically on common areas of difficulties in this population. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to assist in identifying the number of underlying dimensions in the scales. Results indicate that the WPS-C and WPS-P demonstrate adequate internal consistency, temporal stability, and construct validity. The WPS-C and WPSP display significant promise as research and clinical assessment tools for use with youth who are sexually abused and their nonoffending parents in treatment. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN | FACTOR ANALYSIS | ADOLESCENTS | PARENTS | TREATMENT | CHILD ABUSE | NEEDS ASSESSMENT | SEXUAL ABUSE | EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | RISK ASSESSMENT | United States of America | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Survey Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Analysis | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Crime | Social Problems | Evaluation
Document Number: 304077

Title: Trading sex: voluntary or coerced? The experiences of homeless youth.
Author: Tyler KA; Johnson KA
Source: Journal of Sex Research. 2006 Aug;43(3):208-216.
Abstract: This study examined the circumstances surrounding a homeless youth's "decision" to trade sex for food, money, shelter, or drugs. Forty homeless youth in 4 Midwestern states participated in individual, in-depth qualitative interviews. Interviewers recruited youth through both service agencies and street outreach. The findings revealed that approximately one third of the sample had some experience with trading sex, whether it was in the form of having traded sex, having been propositioned to trade sex but having refused, or having friends or acquaintances that had traded sex. Young people's reports indicated that they had traded sex for things they deemed necessary in order to survive (i.e., food, shelter, money, or drugs) and that they did not want to trade sex, but did so because they were desperate and lacked alternatives. Additionally, others were coerced, manipulated, or forced to do so, indicating that the decision to trade sex is not always voluntary. We discuss the implications of these findings in terms of cumulative effects on youths' later development. Directions for future research among this population are also discussed. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | YOUTH | STREET KIDS | SEX WORKERS | DECISION MAKING | QUALITY OF LIFE | FOOD SUPPLY | RISK BEHAVIOR | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEXUAL HARASSMENT | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Homeless Persons | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Behavior | Social Welfare | Economic Factors | Natural Resources | Environment | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 314287

Title: What if: How declines in teen births have improved poverty and child well-being in Nebraska.
Author: National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy
Source: Washington, D.C., National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, 2005 Apr. 3 p.
Abstract: Years of research have closely linked teen pregnancy and early childbearing to a host of other critical social issues, including overall child health and well-being, out-of-wedlock births, educational attainment and workforce readiness, responsible fatherhood, and poverty in particular -- especially child poverty. For example, young children born to a mother who is a teenager, is not married, and did not finish high school are nine times more likely to be poor than children born to mothers without these three risk factors. Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing cost taxpayers at least $7 billion annually and place a serious economic burden on schools and on health, welfare and social service systems. The U.S. teen birth rate declined by 30 percent between 1991 and 2002--a significant decrease that has made major contributions to American communities. Illustrating this very point, the U.S. Congress' Joint Economic Committee completed an analysis in April 2004 that the National Campaign in turn summarized. The congressional study posed an intriguing question: if the nation's teen birth rate had remained at its 1991 level through 2002 (rather than decreasing as it did), how many more children would have been born to teen mothers and to single mothers, and what would have been the effect on poverty and on the living arrangements of children? Findings included the following: if teen birth rates had not declined nationally by 30 percent during that time, there would have been an additional 1.2 million more children born to teen mothers, approximately 460,000 additional children in poverty and almost 700,000 more children living with a single mother. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | ONE PARENT FAMILY | BIRTH RATE | POVERTY | CHILD HEALTH | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | CAMPAIGNS | FERTILITY DECLINE | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Fertility Measurements | Economic Factors | Health | Communication Programs | Communication | Fertility Changes
Document Number: 307027

7.
Title: "Partial-birth abortion" and the Supreme Court.
Author: Annas GJ
Source: New England Journal of Medicine. 2001 Jan 11;344(2):152-6.
Abstract: Abortion has long been, and remains, the most politicized medical procedure in the US. This paper explores issues concerning the constitutionality of partial-birth abortion in the context of the court case of Stenberg vs. Carhart in Nebraska. The controversies include 1) the process of describing the procedure and 2) circumstances for physicians to use partial-birth abortion to protect the health of a pregnant woman. The Nebraska law provides that no partial-birth abortion shall be performed in this state, unless such procedure is necessary to save the life of the mother, whose life is endangered by a physical disorder, illness, or injury, including a life-endangering physical condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy itself. Consequently, Dr. Leroy Carhart, a Nebraska physician who performed abortions, sued in federal court, has asked for the declaration of the unconstitutionality of the law. The US District court then ruled the unconstitutionality of the partial-birth abortion law with the affirmation of the Court of Appeals. This court decision strongly reinforces the belief that the decision for abortion should belong to the woman and her physician together. While the law can determine whether abortions are permitted or not, it is only the physicians, with their patients, who can determine how they may be performed safely.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | ABORTION LAW | ABORTION | PHYSICIANS | COURT DECISION | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Litigation
Document Number: 154839 Notification

8.
Title: Consequences of population change for retail/wholesale sector employment in the nonmetropolitan Great Plains: 1950-1996.
Author: Adamchak DJ; Bloomquist LE; Bausman K; Qureshi R
Source: RURAL SOCIOLOGY. 1999 Mar;64(1):92-112.
Abstract: This study examined the relationship between population decline in 438 counties and local retail and wholesale (R/W) sectors during 1950-90 in the nonmetropolitan Great Plains states of North and South Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Colorado. The focus was on the impact of population change in a region where the R/W trade sector has been a major source of employment for nonmetropolitan residents post-1945. Population declined over the long term. Analysis was based on economic restructuring views and central place theory. Data were obtained from the Censuses of Population (1950-90) and from the County and City Data Books (1947-94). The choice of few control variables was based on Lieberson's (1985) methods. Analysis included tests for multicollinearity. Findings are reported for counties adjacent to a metro area (AM), urban nonadjacent (UN) counties, and rural nonadjacent (RN) counties. Findings indicate that the 1980s had the greatest population loss (84% of counties), despite the population increases of the 1970s. AM counties followed the regional pattern. UN counties followed the regional pattern only in recent decades. RN counties lost population throughout the period and had the greatest percentage of counties losing population. Population change had a positive significant effect on R/W employment throughout the period and in all types of counties. Trade became more concentrated in larger, more diverse, and fewer trade centers, especially in UN counties. Gains occurred in the 1990s. Four anomalies were identified. Findings support the work of Drabenstott and Smith (1996).
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH DAKOTA | SOUTH DAKOTA | MONTANA | WYOMING | NEBRASKA | OKLAHOMA | NEW MEXICO | COLORADO | RESEARCH REPORT | NONMETROPOLITAN POPULATION | POPULATION DECREASE | COMMERCIAL SECTOR | URBANIZATION | LABOR FORCE | EMPLOYMENT | DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACT | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Dynamics | Commerce | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Urban Population Distribution | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Human Resources
Document Number: 142219

9.
Title: Rural-urban women's experience of symptoms of depression related to economic hardship.
Author: Craft BJ; Johnson DR; Ortega ST
Source: Journal of Women and Aging. 1998;10(3):3-18.
Abstract: This study compares rural and urban women's experiences of depressive symptoms. Cross-sectional data were used from 623 women 55 years of age and older who were part of a randomly selected community based sample. Theoretical perspectives included individual stress and community context as explanatory factors contributing to differences in the proportion of women who identify having had the experience of symptoms of depression. Results of the analysis using correlation and multiple regression supported the importance of perceptions of financial status. Community type and age were not related to the level of depressive symptoms reported by the women who were interviewed. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | RESEARCH REPORT | COMPARATIVE STUDIES | ADULTS | WOMEN | RURAL POPULATION | URBAN POPULATION | AGRICULTURAL WORKERS | OLDER ADULTS | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | ECONOMIC CONDITIONS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Labor Force | Human Resources | Economic Factors | Behavior | Macroeconomic Factors
Document Number: 181270

10.
Title: Adolescents' perceptions of pain during labor.
Author: Sittner B; Hudson DB; Grossman CC; Gaston-Johansson F
Source: CLINICAL NURSING RESEARCH. 1998 Feb;7(1):82-93.
Abstract: To enable nurses to provide optimal pain management to adolescents during labor, a descriptive study was conducted of the quality and intensity of such pain at different stages of labor. Enrolled was a convenience sample of 24 primiparous and 9 multiparous women 16-19 years old (mean, 17.78 years) who entered a Nebraska hospital in full labor. The interactive Gaston-Johansson Pain-O-Meter was used to measure the affective, sensory, and intensity components of pain. The sensory words selected most frequently during the three stages of labor were "cramping" (46%), "pressing" (39%), and "pressing" (42%), respectively, while the most common affective terms were "killing" (52%), "miserable" (36%), and "killing" (79%). The highest mean affective and sensory pain scores were reported during the second stage of labor. Primiparas experienced the lowest pain levels during phase I of labor and the highest during phase II, while multiparas' mean scores increased as labor progressed; however, there were no significant differences in mean pain scores by parity. The study was not able to take into account the impact of variables such as self-efficacy, anxiety, analgesics, childbirth education class attendance, and length of labor on pain perceptions. Knowledge of the intensity of pain, and whether it is primarily affective or sensory, can assist nurses to develop individualized interventions for adolescents experiencing labor pains.
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | CHILDBIRTH | PAIN | PERCEPTION | MEASUREMENT | NURSES AND NURSING | COUNSELING | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Pregnancy Outcomes | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Signs and Symptoms | Diseases | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 133405

11.
Title: Two appeals panels affirm decisions striking down abortion funding bans.
Source: REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM NEWS. 1995 Jul 28;4(15):2-3.
Abstract: On July 25, 1995, federal appellate courts in Arkansas and Nebraska affirmed lower court decisions invalidating measures that would ban federal funding for abortions for Medicaid recipients except in cases of life endangerment. The proposed measures were even more restrictive than the Hyde Amendment, which permits Medicaid abortions in cases of rape and incest. On the same day, a federal appellate court in Pennsylvania ruled that current reporting requirements for abortion coverage in cases of rape and incest and the two-physician certification mandate in cases of life endangerment violate both the Hyde Amendment and federal Medicaid law.
Language: English
Keywords:
ARKANSAS | NEBRASKA | PENNSYLVANIA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ABORTION LAW | LEGISLATION | ABORTION | FUNDS | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Financial Activities | Economic Factors
Document Number: 107048 Notification

12.
Title: A comparative evaluation of oral contraceptive use and associated compliance issues in a rural population.
Author: Miller LG
Source: CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS. 1995 May-Jun;17(3):541-51.
Abstract: Oral contraceptives are used by 13 million women each year in the US. The cost and inconvenience of daily use, however, are cause for concern and noncompliance among users of oral contraceptives. The author examined the outpatient use of oral contraceptives and attendant factors influencing compliance and outcomes in a rural population. 133 patients of mean age 31 years, in the range of 13-49, in three rural communities, were enrolled in the study. 92% were White, 4.5% Hispanic, and 3% Native American. Genora, Ortho-Novum, and Triphasil were the most frequently prescribed oral contraceptives. Triphasic oral contraceptives comprised 64 of 203 prescriptions, while conventional monophasic preparations made up the rest. 20% of patients were noncompliant, with cost and inconvenience being the most frequently cited causes of such behavior. Generic alternatives, however, were requested in only 43% of the cases for which generic equivalents were available. The author stresses the need to advocate less expensive alternatives in the effort to deter patient noncompliance. Drug interactions and adverse effects were not reported in this population.
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | RURAL POPULATION | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | USER COMPLIANCE | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Behavior
Document Number: 111437

13.
Title: Efficacy of a composite biological age score to predict ten-year survival among Kansas and Nebraska Mennonites.
Author: Uttley M; Crawford MH
Source: HUMAN BIOLOGY. 1994 Feb;66(1):121-44.
Abstract: "Our purpose here is to test the ability of functional-biological age computed using multiple regression to predict 10-year survival. Predictive ability is tested with three research questions. First, is the mean standardized residual, indicating biological age, higher for the group of deceased compared with [those surviving]? Second, are more biologically older individuals deceased than would be expected based on probability? Third, is the risk of being deceased higher for the functionally older? The null hypothesis is that predicted biological age is unrelated to 10-year survival." Data are from a 1980-1981 survey of Mennonites in Kansas and Nebraska. (EXCERPT)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | KANSAS | NEBRASKA | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | MORTALITY | SURVIVORSHIP | DIFFERENTIAL MORTALITY | ADULTS | AGE FACTORS | BIOLOGICAL AGING | RISK FACTORS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Length of Life | Population Characteristics | Physiology | Biology
Document Number: 240038

14.
Title: Chlamydia trachomatis in patients who used oral contraceptives and had intermenstrual spotting.
Author: Krettek JE; Arkin SI; Chaisilwattana P; Monif GR
Source: OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY. 1993 May;81(5 Pt 1):728-31.
Abstract: 65 women who had used oral contraceptives for 3 months or more and had new onset of intermenstrual spotting or bleeding underwent testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and were compared with 65 matched control OC users without bleeding and 65 women planning contraception. All subjects were prospectively ascertained from clients at the Women's Clinic of Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, from September 1986 to February 1988. Chlamydia specimens were taken with a Cytobrush and tested with the Microtrak System (Syva Co., Palo Alto, CA). 29.2% of the women with breakthrough bleeding had positive Microtrak tests, compared to 10.7% of pill users without breakthrough bleeding (p<0.01). On average 9.7-10.1% of clients at this clinic have positive Chlamydia tests. 6.1% of the women applying for contraception without intermenstrual bleeding had positive Microtrak tests. 8 of the test subjects who had endometrial biopsies had a lymphocyte-plasma cell stromal infiltrate, suggesting chronic endometritis similar to that often found in chlamydia patients. These results suggest that new onset breakthrough bleeding in previously well-controlled pill users may be another marker for chlamydial disease.
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CHLAMYDIA | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | METRORRHAGIA | LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Bleeding | Signs and Symptoms | Examinations and Diagnoses
Document Number: 081838

15.
Title: Zal v. Steppe [1 July 1992].
Author: United States. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
Source: FEDERAL REPORTER. 2D SERIES. 1992;968:924-36. This summary takes into consideration amendments to the decision made on 31 July 1992.
Abstract: In the course of affirming a citation for contempt of court made with respect to a lawyer defending anti-abortion protesters, the US Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit, made the following ruling on available defenses in cases involving criminal trespass: evidentiary orders in a trial excluding defenses of necessity, defense of others, and compliance with international law, treaties, or declarations did not violate a) the lawyer's First Amendment right to free speech; and b) the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendment rights of the his clients. On 25 September 1992, the Supreme Court of Nebraska held that defenses of justification or choice of evils were not available in a similar case of criminal trespass (State v. Cozzens, North Western Reporter, Series 2, Vol. 490, 1992, p. 184). On 18 November 1992, the Court of Appeals of Texas held that the defense of necessity was not available in such a case (Elam v. State, South Western Reporter, Series 2, Vol. 841, 1992, p. 937). On 19 August 1992, the Supreme Court of North Dakota held that a preliminary injunction granted against persons protesting outside of a clinic where abortions were performed could not include a prohibition against speaking to clinical staff and patients or against distribution of literature to persons who had indicated a desire not to receive such literature; such an injunction was in violation of the First Amendment right to free speech (Fargo Women's Health v. Lambs of Christ, North Western Reporter, Series 2, Vol. 488, 1992, p. 401).
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH DAKOTA | NEBRASKA | TEXAS | ABORTION | CRIME | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Health Facilities | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Social Problems
Document Number: 087300 Notification

16.
Title: A comprehensive age-phased approach: Girls Incorporated.
Author: Nicholson HJ; Postrado LT
Source: In: Preventing adolescent pregnancy: model programs and evaluations, edited by Brent C. Miller, Josefina J. Card, Roberta L. Paikoff, James L. Peterson. Newbury Park, California, Sage Publications, 1992. :110-38. (Sage Focus Editions 140)
Abstract: A longitudinal study evaluated the effect of Girls Incorporated's comprehensive age-phased model for pregnancy prevention on 343 females at the following sites: Dallas, Texas; Memphis, Tennessee; Omaha, Nebraska; and Wilmington, Delaware. The components were Growing Together for 12-to-14-year-old girls and their parents, Will Power/Won't Power for 12-to-14-year-old girls, Taking Care of Business for 15-to-17-year-old girls and Healthy Bridge for 15-to-17-year-olds. Youth who attended at least 2 program components were 2.7 times less likely to have sexual intercourse during the last 4 weeks without contraception than those who attended just 1 component (8.9% vs. 20.6%; p = .018). Surprisingly, none of the program participants were significantly less likely to have sexual intercourse without contraception than nonprogram participants. Nonprogram youth experience a higher percentage of pregnancies than both the 1-component and 2-or-more-component program participants (12.3% vs. 6.8% and 4.8%, respectively; p = .062; odds ratio = 2.8). Even though the 50% reduction in pregnancies between the 1-component and 2-or-more-component program participants was not significant, it indicated a possible positive program effect. Just 3.6% of the girls who attended only the Will Power/Won't Power became pregnant compared to more than 11% of the girls who attended the other components. Further, a relatively small percentage of girls who attended Will Power/Won't Power and another component became pregnant. Thus, Will Power/Won't Power was apparently the most effective component. It used role play to practice assertive skills to resist pressure to become sexually active and to avoid risky situations. Will Power/Won't Power also developed a peer network to support particpants' decisions to resist peer pressure to become sexually active. Further analysis revealed that neither Will Power/Won't Power nor any other component alone contributed to pregnancy reduction. Thus, program components for different age groups with different objectives together affect pregnancy reduction.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | DELAWARE | NEBRASKA | TENNESSEE | TEXAS | RESEARCH REPORT | LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | PROGRAM EVALUATION | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ABSTINENCE | PREMARITAL SEX BEHAVIOR | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | PREGNANCY RATE | AGE FACTORS | PEER GROUPS | CURRICULUM | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Organization and Administration | Adolescents | Youth | Population Characteristics | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Family Planning | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Contraception | Fertility Measurements | Knowledge Sources | Communication | Education
Document Number: 081078

17.
Title: An Act relating to public health and welfare [29 May 1991].
Author: United States. Nebraska
Source: LAWS OF NEBRASKA. 1991;:1260-8.
Abstract: This Act prohibits the performance of an abortion in Nebraska on an unemancipated minor under the age of 18 until 48 hours after her parent or guardian has been notified in writing of the pending abortion. The notice must be delivered personally by the physician performing the abortion or an agent or delivered by registered or certified mail. If a minor chooses not to notify her parent, she may obtain authorization from a judge if the judge determines that she is mature and capable of giving informed consent or that the performance of the abortion would be in her best interest. Proceedings to make this determination are to be confidential, and the minor is entitled to have a lawyer appointed to represent her. Notification is not required if the attending physician certifies that continuation of the pregnancy poses an immediate threat or grave risk to the life or health of the minor and there is insufficient time to notify her parent, if the minor has already received written consent from the parent, or if the minor states that she is a victim of abuse or neglect. A physician who knowingly or intentionally performs an abortion in violation of the Act is guilty of a misdemeanor and can be sued in a civil action by the person who should have been notified. The Act requires school districts to provide information to all students in grades 7 or higher on the notification requirement and the possibility of obtaining judicial approval for the performance of an abortion. Schools are not required to provide specific information on how to obtain judicial approval. On 18 July 1991, the state of Michigan repealed provisions of its parental consent law enacted in 1990 that required school districts to distribute standardized information on the consent law to students. See Act No. 81 of 1991 (Public Acts, 1991, p. 332).
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | MICHIGAN | LAWS AND STATUTES | ABORTION | PARENTAL CONSENT | NOTIFICATION | SCHOOLS | CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION | MINORS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Education | Ethics | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Adolescents | Youth
Document Number: 086683 Notification

18.
Title: A county that has gone downhill.
Author: Baltensperger BH
Source: GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW. 1991 Oct;81(4):433-42.
Abstract: This is a survey of population declines in the central Great Plains region of the United States in general, and a detailed analysis of spatial variations in depopulation in one county. "Population growth bypassed large portions of the central Great Plains during the 1970s. Counties without large central places or access to interstate highways continued to lose population. Examination of conditions in the Republican River valley and in Furnas County, Nebraska, illustrates how open-country population decline was especially severe in areas of upland terrain." (EXCERPT)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | POPULATION DECREASE | RURAL POPULATION | RURAL POPULATION DISTRIBUTION | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors
Document Number: 235489

19.
Title: An Act relating to discrimination; to prohibit discrimination against individuals with or suspected of having human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome as prescribed; and to authorize a civil action to enforce violations [15 February 1990].
Author: United States. Nebraska
Source: LAWS PASSED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEBRASKA. 1990;:208-9.
Abstract: This Nebraska Act prohibits discrimination against persons suffering from or suspected of suffering from AIDS or an HIV infection with respect to employment, public accommodations, education, and the sale or lease of property. The Act gives a person who has been discriminated against in violation of the Act the right to file a civil action to enforce the Act. Actions with respect to education or employment otherwise prohibited by the Act will not constitute violations if the person discriminated against poses a direct threat to the health or safety of himself, herself, or other individuals or is unable to perform the duties of the job he or she is applying for or is employed to perform.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | LAWS AND STATUTES | AIDS | HIV INFECTIONS | LABOR FORCE | EDUCATION | SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION | PUBLIC HEALTH | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Human Resources | Economic Factors | Social Problems | Health
Document Number: 085143

20.
Title: The relationship of maternal age, quickening, and physical symptoms of pregnancy to the development of maternal-fetal attachment.
Author: Lerum CW; LoBiondo-Wood G
Source: BIRTH. 1989 Mar;16(1):13-7.
Abstract: The association of maternal age, quickening, physical symptoms of pregnancy, and other socioeconomic and medical factors with maternal- fetal attachment was explored using questionnaires and clinical data. 80 pregnant women, both primigravidas and multigravidas from a Nebraska clinic participated, filling out the Cranley maternal-fetal attachment scale and the Leifer pregnancy symptoms checklist. Having experienced quickening, and intensity and frequency of fetal movement were significantly correlated with attachment (p<0.0001). Having has an ultrasound scan and having planned the pregnancy were significantly correlated (p<0.01). Income was inversely correlated with attachment (p<0.05). Neither maternal age nor pregnancy symptoms had any relationship with attachment.
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | BONDING | MATERNAL AGE | INCOME | SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS | PREGNANCY | CORRELATION OF DATA | MOTHERS | WOMEN | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Interpersonal Relations | Behavior | Parental Age | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Diseases | Reproduction | Correlation Studies | Statistical Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Parents | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household
Document Number: 059499

21.
Title: Changes in completed family size and reproductive span in Anabaptist populations.
Author: Stevenson JC; Everson PM; Crawford MH
Source: HUMAN BIOLOGY. 1989 Feb;61(1):99-115.
Abstract: Researchers studied reproductive histories of Mennonite women from Goessel and Meridian, Kansas and Henderson, Nebraska. In Goessel, Henderson, and Meridian, the mean completed family sizes for the 1870-1879 cohort are significantly greater (8.4, 7.3, and 7.9 respectively) than those for the 1930-1939 cohort (3.4, 3.5, and 3.6 respectively) [p<.0005]. The mean age at 1st birth has varied since the early 1900s staying in the mid 20s. Goessel women have been generally older than Henderson women, however, at the birth of the 1st child for all cohort comparisons (all p values = or < .032). For women in Goessel, the mean age at last birth drops significantly every decade since 1900 for all but the last cohort (38.1, 36.4, 33.1, and 29.4). Henderson women's mean age at last birth increased from 31.8 (1900-1909) to 34.1 (1910-1919), but decreased in the next 2 decades (32.3 to 30) and increased slightly between the 1930-1939 decade and 1940-1949 decade (30 and 30.5). As for Meridian women, the mean age for last birth hovers around 34 years old. In the period 1900-1949, the mean reproductive span for women in Goessel and Henderson has decreased 7.1 and 2.6 years respectively. On the other hand, for the period from 1910-1949, the mean reproductive span for Meridian women was only shortened 1 year. There has been preliminary evidence of a demographic shift in the Hutterite community and demographers predict such a shift to continue for the Hutterites and that the Amish will soon experience a shift. The ever increasing difficulty of purchasing additional farmland for their children will precipitate them. In addition, in a growing Hutterite colony, the inability to create new positions of responsibility may lead to internal discontent and a decline in family size. Unlike their fellow Anabaptists, fertility measures of Mennonite women indicate that they are beginning to resemble the Kansas-Nebraska population.
Language: English
Keywords:
KANSAS | NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | FERTILITY | DIFFERENTIAL FERTILITY | PROTESTANTISM | RELIGION | MINORITY GROUPS | FAMILY SIZE, COMPLETED | MATERNAL AGE | REPRODUCTIVE AGE | REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR | RURAL POPULATION | DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION | CULTURE | ACCULTURATION | CONSERVATISM | NATURAL FERTILITY | HIGH FERTILITY POPULATION | RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES | COHORT ANALYSIS | CHANGES | Americas | Developed Countries | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Christianity | Population Characteristics | Family Size | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Parental Age | Age Factors | Reproduction | Social Change | Political Factors | Studies | Research Methodology
Document Number: 057966

22.
Title: Initiation of fertility decline in Kansas-Nebraska Mennonites and North American Hutterites.
Author: Stevenson JC; Everson PM
Source: COLLEGIUM ANTROPOLOGICUM. 1989;13(1):17-24.
Abstract: The cultural context of fertility decline between Kansas-Nebraska Mennonites and North American Hutterites is compared with respect to 3 variables: 1) the shift from familial to capitalist modes of production, 2) mass education, and 3) ideology. Both groups migrated in the 1870s to North America as politically and ideologically united farm communities, but the more liberal Mennonites soon adopted individualistic farming practices, modernized farm machinery in the 1890s, and experienced fertility decline by the early part of this century; whereas Hutterites maintain separate communities from the parent culture to this day, modernized machinery in the 1930s, and did not experience a fertility decline until after 1970. However, in both communities, modernization and a more restricted economic climate led to a perception of limited occupational opportunities for offspring and triggered the declines in fertility. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
KANSAS | NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | FERTILITY CHANGES | PRODUCTION | EDUCATION | POLITICAL FACTORS | CULTURE | MODERNIZATION | AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Social Change | Rural Development
Document Number: 203877

23.
Title: Act relating to surrogate parenthood contracts, 10 February 1988.
Author: United States. Nebraska
Source: ANNUAL REVIEW OF POPULATION LAW. 1988;15:60. From: Nebraska, Session Laws, 1988, Legislative Bill 674, p. 572.
Abstract: This Nebraska Act provides that surrogate parenthood contracts are void and unenforceable and that the "biological father of a child born pursuant to such a contract shall have all the rights and obligations imposed by law with respect to the child." A surrogate parenthood contract is defined as "a contract by which a woman is to be compensated for bearing a child of a man who is not her husband." (full text)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | LAWS AND STATUTES | SURROGATE MOTHERS | FILIATION | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Reproductive Technologies | Reproduction | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household
Document Number: 085834

24.
Title: Adolescents and prevention of AIDS.
Author: Melton GB
Source: Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 1988;19(4):403-408.
Abstract: For adolescents to learn to avoid behavior that increases the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, educational programs must increase the personal salience of such risks. Information about risks should be complemented by problem-solving programs designed to counteract social inhibitions on use of contraception and environmental manipulations designed to increase access to condoms. Market-based regulatory strategies show some potential to decrease needle sharing. There exists a compelling need for a large behavioral research initiative to develop a body of knowledge necessary for prevention of HIV infection. Social inhibitions about studying "adult" behavior among adolescents should be overcome, and legal protection of the privacy of adolescent research participants should be expanded. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS | AIDS PREVENTION | SEX EDUCATION | PROMOTION | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | CONDOM USE | RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT | ETHICS | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Education | Marketing | Economic Factors | Contraception | Family Planning | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Technology | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 296978

25.
Title: Serum sperm agglutinating antibody formation in vasectomized men treated with dexamethasone.
Author: Curtis GL; Kahl VA; Ryan WL
Source: ANDROLOGIA. 1987;19(6):597-601.
Abstract: The effect of immunosuppression with dexamethasone on sperm antibody formation following vasectomy in men was determined. Vasectomized men were treated with dexamethasone (4 mg) tablets beginning 2 days prior to vasectomy and each day thereafter for a total of 8 days with a total dose of 30 mg. There was no significant difference in serum sperm agglutinating antibody, cholesterol, triglycerides, or lipoproteins between the dexamethasone and placebo groups. The finding that immunosuppression at the time of vasectomy did not inhibit sperm antibody formation in man was surprising because in a similar study with Cynomolgus monkeys, treatment at the time of vasectomy with dexamethasone inhibited sperm antibody development. The difference between the 2 studies may be that in monkeys, sperm antigen presentation comes at the time of vasectomy and therefore immunosuppression at this time can prevent an immune response; however, in man sperm antigen presentation comes at some later time following vasectomy. This species difference in sperm antigen presentation following vasectomy in man compared to monkeys may affect subsequent atherosclerosis development and explain why no cardiovascular disease is found in many following vasectomy. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | AMERICAS | ANTIBODY FORMATION | IMMUNITY | DEXAMETHASONE ACETATE | HORMONES | REPRODUCTIVE CONTROL AGENTS | VASECTOMY | VAS OCCLUSION | MALE STERILIZATION | STERILIZATION, SEXUAL | DOUBLE-BLIND STUDIES | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | DATA ANALYSIS | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY | ANALYSIS | ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE | LIPID METABOLIC EFFECTS | METABOLIC EFFECTS | Developed Countries | Developing Countries | Antibodies | Immunologic Factors | Immune System | Physiology | Biology | Endocrine System | Family Planning | Studies | Drugs | Treatment | Lipids
Document Number: 049376

26.
Title: Evaluation of platelet function in pregnancy. Comparative studies in non-smokers and smokers.
Author: Davis RB; Leuschen MP; Boyd D; Goodlin RC
Source: THROMBOSIS RESEARCH. 1987 Apr 15;46(2):175-86.
Abstract: The authors evaluated the possible role of platelet functional abnormalities as a contributing factor for thrombosis during pregnancy and to the increased fetal mortality and morbidity among women who smoke. 53 pregnant women were enrolled and evaluated on 2 separate prenatal visits held between the 20th-36th week of pregnancy and, when possible, postpartum. Smoking status was evaluated by personal statement and alveolar carbon monoxide levels. Women in the smoking group deliberately avoided cigarettes for at least 20 minutes before sampling. Plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin, thromboxane B2, and 6- keto-PGF1alpha were evaluated. A significant increase in 6-keto- PGF1alpha levels decreased among nonsmoking women while beta- thromboglobulin increased significantly between the 20th-33rd weeks of pregnancy in nonsmokers. Platelet aggregation, both in platelet rich plasma and in whole blood (by impedance aggregometry), was evaluated by 5 different parameters and 4 different aggregating agents. Significant differences between the nonsmoking and smoking pregnant women were noted for selected age cohorts and aggregating agents. An increase in platelet reactivity among smokers was observed in whole blood by impedance aggregometry with adenosine diphosphate and in 2 cohorts using platelet-rich plasma. In 2 groups in which aggregation was significantly accelerated among nonsmokers, epinephrine was used as the aggregating agent. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEBRASKA | FOLLOW-UP STUDIES | PREGNANCY | TOBACCO USE | PLATELET AGGREGATION | LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | PROSTAGLANDINS | COMPLICATIONS | ANALYSIS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Reproduction | Behavior | Hematological Effects | Hemic System | Physiology | Biology | Examinations and Diagnoses | Endocrine System | Diseases
Document Number: 062379

27.
Title: Sibling resemblance and inter-sibling effects in educational attainment.
Author: Hauser RM; Wong RS
Source: Madison, Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Demography and Ecology, 1987. 41, [11] p. (CDE Working Paper 87-4.)
Abstract: Motivated by Benin and Johnsons's (1984) study of 2 samples of adult Nebraska siblings, the authors model reciprocal influence between male siblings to determine whether there is reciprocal influence between siblings or a predominant flow of influence from older to younger siblings in the determination of educational attainment. Contrary to Benin and Johnson, this reanalysis of their data shows that differences in common family variance among types of sibling pairs are not derived from an unusually high level of fraternal resemblance, but only from the unusually low similarity between older sisters and younger brothers. While the Nebraska data do not identify a model with reciprocal effects between brothers' educational attainments, suitable data are available in Olneck's (1976) study of brothers from Kalamazoo, Michigan. These permit the estimation of reciprocal effects of brothers' educational attainments. In modeling the Kalamazoo data, the authors use a mixture of multiple proxy reports and self-reports to take account of random and correlated response errors in the measured variables. In brief they find evidence of reciprocal influence of brother's levels of educational attainment, net of the common effects of family background and the effect of each brother's mental ability on his schooling. The unconstrained effect of older brother's schooling on younger brother's schooling is larger than the reciprocal effect, but there is no significant difference between the 2 effects. This leaves open the questions whether reciprocal influence occurs in other types of sibling pairs and whether there is a predominant effect of older on younger siblings. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | MICHIGAN | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS | POPULATION | FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS | FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS | FAMILY AND HOUSEHOLD | SEX FACTORS | AGE FACTORS | MATHEMATICAL MODEL | Americas | Developed Countries | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Demographic Factors | Theoretical Models | Research Methodology
Document Number: 203553

28.
Title: Trends in teenage pregnancy: a comparison of Douglas County, Nebraska, and national statistics.
Author: Massop KM; Anderson TL
Source: JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE. 1987 Nov;32(11):830-2.
Abstract: Although adolescent pregnancy remains a significant problem in the US, both national and Nebraska statistics indicate that teenage fertility rates and the proportion of teen births in the national total are declining. Statistics from the Lincoln (Nebraska) Bureau of Vital Statistics, the US 1983 Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 1981 US Department of Health and Vital Statistics abstracts, and unpublished sources were analyzed. 4351 teenagers became pregnant in Nebraska in 1983 and there were 2635 live births in this population, representing 10% of all Nebraska births. Teen deliveries accounted for 39% of total Nebraska deliveries to unmarried women. In Nebraska, the teen pregnancy rate declined from 13% of total births to 9.7% in 1984, paralleling a national decline in this statistic from 19.0% in 1975 to 13.7% in 1983. Douglas County, Nebraska, rates also decreased, from 21.8% in 1978 to 17.5% in 1985. This trend has affected both black and white teenagers. The black teen fertility rate decreased from 147.7/1000 in 1970 to 95.5/1000 in 1983, while the fertility rate for white teens fell correspondingly from 57.4/1000 in 1972 to 43.6/1000 in 1983. The actual number of teen abortions has increased, yet as a proportion of total abortions has declined from 32.8% in 1973 to 28.4% in 1981. The physical and psychological problems associated with adolescent pregnancy are many, including poor nutrition, poor prenatal care, low birthweight, and higher rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Thus, efforts should continue to educate teens and provide services for the prevention of pregnancy.
Language: English
Keywords:
NEBRASKA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | STATISTICAL STUDIES | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENTS | BLACKS | WHITES | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY | REPRODUCTION | ABORTION | FERTILITY CONTROL, POSTCONCEPTION | FAMILY PLANNING | CHANGES | Americas | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Ethnic Groups | Cultural Background | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Social Change
Document Number: 046233 Notification

29.
Title: Delimiting the physical city: disparities between various methods of calculating population densities.
Author: Buckwalter DW; Rugg DS
Source: PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER. 1986 Aug;38(3):258-63.
Abstract: In the absence of physical area measurements, the geographer must choose 1 of 3 surrogates for delimiting the city: the legal city, the urbanized area, or the standard metropolitan statistical area. None corresponds to the physical area, although the urbanized area usually comes closest. This inaccurate representation of the spatial extent of urban development creates conspicuous discrepancies in the results of comparative urban studies that require precise land use delimitation. To overcome these inaccuracies, this study uses aerial photographs to measure the physical area of 2 cities, Lincoln, Nebraska and Lubbock, Texas, and compares the results with those using the legal city and urbanizaed area. The researchers use interpretations of aerial photographs to inventory land in and around cities in 2 categories, urban and nonurban, designed to include all land uses within the study areas and to provide an inventory of the physical city suitable for calculating population densities without errors introduced by underbounding or overbounding. The interpretation procedure consists of superimposing a grid of square cells over an area representing 1 square mile on the aerial photographs. The grid is 16 x 16 cells, with each of the 256 cells representing 2-1/2 acres (1 hectare) of area. Each 2-1/2 acre tract is identified and recorded as either urban or nonurban. The 2-1/2 acre units provide much more detailed delimitation of the physical area than do the larger enumeration districts that are the basis of measurement for urbanized area. In addition, this survey can be conducted relatively quickly. Comparing the physical cities of Lincoln and Lubbock with the 1970 legal cities and urbanized areas, the researchers find significant disparities. The cities vary in the accuracy with which their central city and urbanized area reflect the physical city. In both cities, annexation policies affect the population densities of both the legal city and the urbanized area from 1960-1970. Only the physical city remains unaffected by either annexation policies or by use of large statistical building blocks that fail to correspond to actual physical growth. The physical city is more appropriate for the computation of realistic population densities. The researchers recommend that geographers use a precise measure of the physical city when analyzing urban population densities.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | URBAN POPULATION | POPULATION DENSITY | URBAN POPULATION DISTRIBUTION | HUMAN GEOGRAPHY | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | TEXAS | NEBRASKA | POPULATION DISTRIBUTION | POPULATION | MEASUREMENT | EVALUATION METHODOLOGY | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY | ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS | URBAN AREAS | Developed Countries | Americas | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Geographic Factors | Geography | Social Sciences | Evaluation | Urbanization
Document Number: 203495

30.
Title: West north central: 1984 population and 1983 per capita income estimates for counties and incorporated places.
Author: Starsinic DE
Source: CURRENT POPULATION REPORTS. SERIES P-26, LOCAL POPULATION ESTIMATES. 1986 Jun;(84-WNC-SC):i-iv, 1-141.
Abstract: This report is 1 of 5 regional reports containing current estimates of July 1, 1984, population and calendar year 1983 per capita money income for all general purpose governmental units in each state in the West North Central US. Areas included in this series of reports are 1) counties (or county equivalents), 2) incorporated places, and 3) active minor civil divisions (MCDs). The detailed tables show the July 1, 1984, population estimate and the April 1, 1980, census population for each area, along with the numerical and percentage change between 1980 and 1984. In addition, they present the 1983 per capita money income estimates, together with the 1979 per capita money income and the percentage change between these 2 figures. These estimates are presented for each state in the region in county order, with all incorporated places in each county listed in alphabetical order, followed by any functioning MCDs also listed in alphabetical order.
Language: English
Keywords:
IOWA | KANSAS | MINNESOTA | MISSOURI | NEBRASKA | NORTH DAKOTA | SOUTH DAKOTA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NORTH AMERICA | POPULATION SIZE | INCOME | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | TABLES AND CHARTS | STATISTICS | AREA ANALYSIS | Americas | Developed Countries | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Economic Factors | Research Methodology
Document Number: 206204


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