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Title: Domestic violence on pregnant women in Turkey.
Author: Ergonen AT; Ozdemir MH; Can IO; Sonmez E; Salacin S; Berberoglu E; Demir N
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2009 Apr;16(3):125-9.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Domestic violence is accepted worldwide as an important health problem. Besides diagnosis and treatment process, there are difficulties when considering of medico-legal evaluation of pregnant women subjected to domestic violence. As a signatory of the ''Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)'' Turkey has certain commitments regarding domestic violence and made regulations on national law. The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy among the women who applied to obstetrics clinics and evaluating of the participants' knowledge level about the legal legislation concerning domestic violence. FINDINGS: Pregnant women attending for antenatal care to department of Gynecology and Obstetrics were interviewed using an anonymous and confidential questionnaire. The questionnaire used was a version of Abuse Assessment Screen with guidance of references. 28 (13.4%) women stated that they had been subjected to violence before pregnancy. Only 10 (4.67%) women had stated experience of violence during pregnancy. 148 (69.2%) of them had stated that they had no knowledge about any legislation concerning domestic violence in our country. CONCLUSION: We believe that society awareness should be increased and the health workers should be informed about their ethical and legal responsibilities concerning domestic violence during pregnancy. The knowledge and sensitivity of health care personnel in Prenatal Clinics and Family Planning Services should be increased and examination protocols should be provided about domestic violence against pregnant women.
Language: English
Keywords:
TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PREGNANT WOMEN | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | PREVALENCE | LEGISLATION | KNOWLEDGE | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | QUESTIONNAIRES | TREATIES | ANTENATAL CARE | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Measurement | Research Methodology | Political Factors | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Maternal Health Services | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health
Document Number: 342189

Peer Reviewed

Title: Condom Access in South African Schools: Law, Policy, and Practice.
Author: Han J; Bennish ML
Source: PLoS Medicine. 2009 Jan 20;6(1):e6.
Abstract: Summary points of the article are: 1) South Africa's recently adopted Children's Act provides children the right to access reproductive health services as a way of addressing the HIV pandemic, but there remains confusion about how socially divisive rights provided for by the Act, such as condom access for youth, will be achieved; 2) The Children's Act, together with South African government policies, allows individual schools to decide whether to distribute condoms, but most school staff are unaware of South African policy and regulations governing condom provision in schools; 3) Because of confusing and contradictory government policies and public pronouncements regarding provision of condoms in public schools, few schools have undertaken to provide condoms, leaving students, especially in rural areas, with few options for obtaining them; 4) PEPFAR regulations potentially conflict with South African law by prohibiting PEPFAR-funded organizations from distributing condoms in schools or providing condom information to youth aged 14 and under; and 5) The current South African government's policy of leaving the decision of whether to distribute condoms in schools to the School Governing Body of individual schools, rather than enacting a clear national policy, is unlikely to be an effective public health strategy for improving access to condoms for the population of youths at high risk for HIV.
Language: English
Keywords:
SOUTH AFRICA | SUMMARY REPORT | CHILDREN | ADOLESCENTS | HEALTH POLICY | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | CONDOMS | LEGISLATION | ATTITUDES | HIV PREVENTION | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Human Rights | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Psychological Factors | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases
Document Number: 329660

5.
Title: Iran: migrant smuggling and trafficking in persons.
Author: Hosseini-Divkolaye NS
Source: Forced Migration Review. 2009 Apr;(32):66-67.
Abstract: This article examines two forms of irregular migration in Iran. It discusses differences between trafficking in persons and migrant smuggling, trends in Iran, recent policy initiatives put into place regarding these issues, and the punishment of unauthorized arrivals into the country.
Language: English
Keywords:
IRAN | SUMMARY REPORT | HUMAN TRAFFICKING | SOCIAL PROTECTION | POLICY | LEGISLATION | Middle East | Developing Countries | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Political Factors
Document Number: 340194

Title: The Thai Government's Repatriation and Reintegration Programmes: responding to trafficked female commercial sex workers from the Greater Mekong Subregion.
Author: Jayagupta R
Source: International Migration. 2009 Jun;47(2):227-253.
Abstract: Since the 1990s, trafficked women and girls from neighbouring countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), including Myanmar, Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos), Cambodia, Viet Nam, and Yunnan province in southern China, have increasingly migrated to Thailand and worked in the country's thriving commercial sex industry. In response, the Thai government has launched a range of programmes to supplement its earlier programmes designed primarily to combat internal trafficking. This paper concentrates on one component of the Thai government's response: repatriation and reintegration. The paper is organized as follows: First, a definition of human trafficking, particularly as it relates to women and children, is provided. Second, a succinct discussion of the history of the domestic trafficking of women and girls into commercial sex work in Thailand, focusing especially on the Thai government's broad response to this dilemma, is given. Third, the dynamics of the relatively recent surge of trafficked women and girls from neighbouring GMS countries working in Thailand's commercial sex industry and the Thai government's efforts to combat this are discussed. Finally, the paper focuses on repatriation and reintegration in Thailand; by briefly discussing the situation that trafficked women and girls confront in this process, and by defining repatriation, reintegration, and reintegration assistance. The Thai government's repatriation and reintegration programmes are then described and critically reviewed, focusing particularly on the Kredtrakarn Protection and Occupational Development Centre. Recommendations on how to improve existing repatriation and reintegration programmes are provided. Above all, greater collaboration must take place in order to effectively and efficiently implement policies, plans, and projects to more successfully reintegrate trafficked women and girls back into neighbouring GMS countries, in particular at the local level.
Language: English
Keywords:
THAILAND | CRITIQUE | SEX WORKERS | HUMAN TRAFFICKING | SEXUAL EXPLOITATION | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | LEGISLATION | SOCIAL PROTECTION | POLICY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Political Factors
Document Number: 341297

Peer Reviewed

Title: Legal barriers to second-trimester abortion provision and public health consequences.
Author: Jones BS; Weitz TA
Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2009 Apr;99(4):623-30.
Abstract: Many women need access to abortion care in the second trimester. Most of this care is provided by a small number of specialty clinics, which are increasingly targeted by regulations including bans on so-called partial birth abortion and requirements that the clinic qualify as an ambulatory surgical center. These regulations cause physicians to change their clinical practices or reduce the maximum gestational age at which they perform abortions to avoid legal risks. Ambulatory surgical center requirements significantly increase abortion costs and reduce the availability of abortion services despite the lack of any evidence that using those facilities positively affects health outcomes. Both types of laws threaten to further reduce access to and quality of second-trimester abortion care.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | WOMEN | ABORTION | HEALTH FACILITIES | PREGNANCY, SECOND TRIMESTER | LEGISLATION | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 330894 Notification

Title: The impact of cross-border reproductive care or 'fertility tourism' on NHS maternity services.
Author: McKelvey A; David A; Shenfield F; Jauniaux ER
Source: BJOG. 2009 Jul 15;
Abstract: Please cite this paper as: McKelvey A, David A, Shenfield F, Jauniaux E. The impact of cross-border reproductive care or 'fertility tourism' on NHS maternity services. BJOG 2009; DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02294.x.High order multiple pregnancies have substantial morbidity and mortality. Fertility treatment is commonly responsible for their conception and is available globally with variable regulation. We investigated cross-border fertility treatment in these pregnancies in a UK fetal medicine unit, recording mode of conception, country of fertility treatment, reason for non-UK treatment and fetal reduction. Over an 11-year period, 109 women had a high order multiple pregnancy. Ninety-four women (86%) conceived with fertility treatment of whom 24 (26%) had this performed overseas. Cross-border fertility treatment poses an increasing challenge to obstetricians. National data on its occurrence is urgently needed.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED KINGDOM | RESEARCH REPORT | RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES | PREGNANT WOMEN | REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES | MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES | NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES | LEGISLATION | BORDER CROSSING | PREGNANCY, MULTIPLE | EMBRYO TRANSFER | Developed Countries | Europe, Western | Europe | Studies | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproduction | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | International Migration | Migration | Population Dynamics | Pregnancy
Document Number: 342292

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Title: High rate of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women in a maternity hospital in Cordoba, Argentina: a pilot study.
Author: Palena C; Bahamondes MV; Schenk V; Bahamondes L; Fernandez-Funes J
Source: Reproductive Health. 2009 Jul 20;6(1):11.
Abstract: ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Although Argentina has a new law of Reproductive Health, many barriers continue existing to the provision of contraceptive methods at public healthcare facilities. Methods: This exploratory, descriptive pilot study evaluated 212 pregnant women selected at random at the Maternity and Neonatal Hospital, Cordoba, Argentina, who completed a structured questionnaire. The objectives were to determine the rate of unintended pregnancies, reasons for not using contraception, past history of contraceptive use, and intended future use. Results: Two hundred women responded the questionnaire. Forty percent of the participants stated that they had never used contraception and pregnancy was declared unintended by 65% of the interviewed women. In the unintended pregnancy group, almost 50% of women said that they had not been using a contraceptive method because they were "unaware about contraception", and 25% stated that their contraceptive method had failed. Almost 85% of the women stated that they intended to use a contraceptive method after delivery. Conclusions: Approximately two-thirds of all pregnancies in this sample were unintended. Although the data is limited by the small sample size, our findings suggest that government needs to invest in counseling and in improving the availability and access to contraceptive methods.
Language: English
Keywords:
ARGENTINA | RESEARCH REPORT | SAMPLING STUDIES | PREGNANT WOMEN | PREGNANCY, UNPLANNED | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE DETERMINANTS | QUESTIONNAIRES | FAMILY PLANNING POLICY | CONTRACEPTIVE AVAILABILITY | LEGISLATION | South America, Southern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Contraception | Family Planning | Population Policy | Social Policy | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 342283

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Title: Developments in national policies for food and nutrition security in Brazil.
Author: Rocha C
Source: Development Policy Review. 2009 Mar;27(1):51-66.
Abstract: Brazil is on track to achieve many of the Millennium Development Goals, and this is widely credited to bold and innovative government policies backed by new forms of popular participation in social policy. This article examines evaluation evidence on two of the most important recent initiatives in Brazil's policies for food and nutrition security (conditional cash transfers through Bolsa Fam�lia and support for family agriculture through the Programa de Aquisi��o de Alimentos). It also considers advances in older policies (such as the School Meals programme) and the work of the National Council for Food and Nutrition Security, which has culminated in national legislation establishing food and nutrition security as a right.
Language: English
Keywords:
BRAZIL | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | POLICYMAKERS | NUTRITION PROGRAMS | HEALTH POLICY | SOCIAL POLICY | PARTICIPATION | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | INCENTIVES | HOME ECONOMICS | AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT | SCHOOL-BASED SERVICES | LEGISLATION | HUMAN RIGHTS | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior | Programs | Microeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Rural Development
Document Number: 341094

14.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Structural and environmental barriers to condom use negotiation with clients among female sex workers: implications for HIV-prevention strategies and policy.
Author: Shannon K; Strathdee SA; Shoveller J; Rusch M; Kerr T; Tyndall MW
Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2009 Apr;99(4):659-65.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship between environmental-structural factors and condom-use negotiation with clients among female sex workers. METHODS: We used baseline data from a 2006 Vancouver, British Columbia, community-based cohort of female sex workers, to map the clustering of "hot spots" for being pressured into unprotected sexual intercourse by a client and assess sexual HIV risk. We used multivariate logistic modeling to estimate the relationship between environmental-structural factors and being pressured by a client into unprotected sexual intercourse. RESULTS: In multivariate analyses, being pressured into having unprotected sexual intercourse was independently associated with having an individual zoning restriction (odds ratio [OR] = 3.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00, 9.36), working away from main streets because of policing (OR = 3.01; 95% CI = 1.39, 7.44), borrowing a used crack pipe (OR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.06, 2.49), client-perpetrated violence (OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.06, 4.49), and servicing clients in cars or in public spaces (OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.65, 5.73). CONCLUSIONS: Given growing global concern surrounding the failings of prohibitive sex-work legislation on sex workers' health and safety, there is urgent need for environmental-structural HIV-prevention efforts that facilitate sex workers' ability to negotiate condom use in safer sex-work environments and criminalize abuse by clients and third parties.
Language: English
Keywords:
CANADA | RESEARCH REPORT | MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS | WOMEN | SEX WORKERS | CLIENTS | HIV PREVENTION | NEEDS ASSESSMENT | POLICY | LEGISLATION | RISK FACTORS | IMPACT | Developed Countries | North America, Northern | Americas | Data Analysis | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Evaluation | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health | Communication
Document Number: 330893

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Peer Reviewed

Title: Adolescent reproductive health in Indonesia: contested values and policy inaction.
Author: Utomo ID; McDonald P
Source: Studies in Family Planning. 2009 Jun;40(2):133-146.
Abstract: This study examines the changing social and political context of adolescent sexual and reproductive health policy in Indonesia. We describe how, in 2001, Indonesia was on the brink of implementing an adolescent reproductive health policy that was consistent with international agreements to which the Indonesian government was a party. Although the health of young Indonesians was known to be at risk, the opportunity for reform passed quickly with the emergence of a new competing force, Middle Eastern fundamentalist Islam. Faced with the risk of regional separatism and competing politico-religious influences, the Indonesian government retreated to the safety of inaction in this area of policy. In the absence of a supportive and committed political environment that reinforces policy specifically targeted to young people's reproductive health, extremist approaches that involve considerable health risk prevailed. The sexual and reproductive values and behaviors that are emerging among single young people in contemporary Indonesia are conditioned by a political context that allows the conflicting forces of traditional Indonesian values, Westernization, and the strong emerging force of fundamentalist Islam to compete for the allegiance of young people.
Language: English
Keywords:
INDONESIA | CRITIQUE | ADOLESCENTS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | HEALTH POLICY | ISLAM | POLITICAL FACTORS | SOCIAL CHANGE | LEGISLATION | SEXUALITY | SEX EDUCATION | MASS MEDIA | VALUE ORIENTATION | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Health | Policy | Sociocultural Factors | Religion | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Education | Communication
Document Number: 341897

17.

Title: Rights to emergency contraception.
Author: Weisberg E; Fraser IS
Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2009 Jun 17;
Abstract: Emergency contraception (EC) provides women with a safe means of preventing pregnancy following unprotected sexual intercourse or potential contraceptive failure, and is accepted as a legitimate method of fertility control. The right of women to access EC, along with other contraceptive methods, needs to be affirmed. The consequences of unintended pregnancy are serious, imposing appreciable burdens on children, women, men, and families. Every child has the right to be a wanted child and not enter this world because its mother was denied access to EC. For maximum effectiveness, barriers to access must be removed. It is essential that EC pills are available over-the-counter with no minimum age for access. There is a tension between the rights of women to access EC without medical or legal intervention and the rights of providers who have a conscientious objection to provision on religious or moral grounds. The principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, and beneficence all weigh in favor of the rights of a woman faced with the possibility of an unintended pregnancy to unrestricted access to EC against providers whose religious views are opposed to this.
Language: English
Keywords:
AUSTRALIA | CRITIQUE | PROVIDERS WITH CLIENTS | EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION | CONTRACEPTIVE AVAILABILITY | OBSTACLES | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | CONTRACEPTIVE MODE OF ACTION | CONTRACEPTIVE SAFETY | LEGISLATION | RELIGIOUS ASPECTS | Oceania | Developed Countries | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Contraception | Family Planning | Organization and Administration | Human Rights | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Safety | Public Health | Religion
Document Number: 341749

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Peer Reviewed

Title: What physicians need to know about the legal status of abortion in the United States.
Author: Weitz TA
Source: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009 Jun;52(2):130-9.
Abstract: Abortion is the most politically contested social issue in the United States, a debate that manifests itself in extensive regulation of abortion as a health care service. This study provides a brief history of the judicial acceptance of abortion regulation and an overview of the most common forms of abortion regulation affecting physicians in the United States. The article concludes with a discussion of pending threats to the legal right to abortion in the United States and recommended resources where physicians can find assistance to comply with existing laws.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CALIFORNIA | RESEARCH REPORT | ABORTION | PHYSICIANS | LEGISLATION | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 342251 Notification

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Peer Reviewed

Title: Non-physician clinicians can safely provide first trimester medical abortion.
Author: Yarnall J; Swica Y; Winikoff B
Source: Reproductive Health Matters. 2009 May;17(33):61-69.
Abstract: Mid-level clinicians are integral to provision of pregnancy-related care in many settings. Yet midwives and other non-physician clinicians are excluded from training and from providing medical abortion. A substantial body of evidence exists demonstrating that mid-level providers, including nurses and midwives specialized in pregnancy-related care for women, are either already competently involved in providing medical abortions or have the requisite skills to expand their scope of practice to include medical abortion with a short course of additional training. While additional evidence may be needed to show that second trimester medical abortion can be safely and effectively provided by trained mid-level providers, we argue that for first trimester medical abortion the evidence is sufficient for governments to implement, monitor and evaluate programmes that allow mid-level clinicians to offer first trimester medical abortion independently. Because mid-level clinicians often work in rural or remote areas where physicians are scarce or where there are few surgical facilities or equipment, the expansion of the medical abortion provider pool has the potential to greatly improve the reproductive health of women worldwide.
Spanish Abstract: En muchos lugares, el personal m�dico de nivel intermedio es fundamental en la atenci�n relacionada con el embarazo. No obstante, las parteras profesionales y otros profesionales de la salud no m�dicos son excluidos de recibir capacitaci�n y proporcionar servicios de aborto con medicamentos. Existe un considerable conjunto de pruebas que demuestran que los prestadores de servicios de nivel intermedio, como las enfermeras y parteras profesionales especializadas en la atenci�n del embarazo, ya participan competentemente en efectuar procedimientos de aborto con medicamentos o cuentan con las habilidades necesarias para realizar abortos con medicamentos si atienden un curso corto de capacitaci�n adicional. Aunque se necesitan m�s pruebas para demostrar que los profesionales de nivel intermedio capacitados pueden efectuar procedimientos de aborto con medicamentos en el segundo trimestre de manera segura y eficaz, arg�imos que para el primer trimestre existe suficiente evidencia para que los gobiernos establezcan, monitoreen y eval�en programas que permitan que los profesionales de la salud de nivel intermedio ofrezcan servicios de aborto con medicamentos de primer trimestre independientemente. Dado que estos profesionales suelen trabajar en zonas rurales o remotas donde los m�dicos son escasos o donde existen pocos centros o equipos quir�rgicos, al ampliarse el grupo de prestadores de servicios de aborto con medicamentos se podr�a mejorar notablemente la salud reproductiva de las mujeres del mundo.
French Abstract: Les cliniciens de niveau interm�diaire font souvent partie int�grante des soins li�s � la grossesse. Pourtant, les sages-femmes et autres cliniciens non m�decins sont exclus de la formation et de la pratique de l'avortement m�dicamenteux. Or, une somme consid�rable de donn�es montre que les prestataires de niveau interm�diaire, notamment les infirmi�res et les sages-femmes sp�cialis�es dans les soins li�s � la grossesse, sont d�j� engag�s avec comp�tence dans les avortements m�dicamenteux ou poss�dent les aptitudes requises pour �largir leur pratique et y inclure l'avortement m�dicamenteux apr�s une br�ve formation compl�mentaire. Si des recherches suppl�mentaires seront peut-�tre n�cessaires pour montrer que les prestataires de niveau interm�diaire peuvent pratiquer efficacement et en toute s�curit� l'avortement m�dicamenteux du deuxi�me trimestre, nous estimons qu'il existe suffisamment de preuves pour que les gouvernements appliquent, surveillent et �valuent des programmes qui autoriseront les cliniciens de niveau interm�diaire � proposer de mani�re ind�pendante des avortements m�dicamenteux du premier trimestre. Comme ces cliniciens travaillent souvent dans des zones rurales ou �loign�es, o� les m�decins sont rares ou qui disposent de peu de centres ou d'�quipements chirurgicaux, l'expansion du corps de prestataires de l'avortement m�dicamenteux peut am�liorer sensiblement la sant� g�n�sique des femmes dans le monde.
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | CRITIQUE | MIDWIVES AND MIDWIFERY | NURSE-MIDWIVES | PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL | ABORTION | PREGNANCY, FIRST TRIMESTER | SAFETY | TRAINING PROGRAMS | GESTATIONAL AGE | HEALTH POLICY | LEGISLATION | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Public Health | Education | Fetus | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 342015 Notification

20.

Title: NGO report on violence against women in Burundi. Executive summary. CEDAW, January 2008.
Author: Action des Chretiens pour l'Abolition de la Torture [ACAT Burundi]; Organisation Mondiale Contre la Torture [OMCT]
Source: [Bujumbura], Burundi, ACAT Burundi, 2008. 7 p. http://www.omct.org/pdf/VAW/2008/CEDAW40th_Rep_alt_Burundi_fr.pdf (French full report)
Abstract: The aim of the report is to show the difficulties faced by thousands of women in Burundi due to the increase of violence against women. It is based on General Recommendation No19 of the Committee that affirms gender-based violence is a prohibited form of discrimination and recommends that States parties: take concrete and efficient measures to eradicate violence against women; ensure sufficient legal protection to all women against every form of gender based violence, including violence within the family, and the respect of their integrity and dignity; establish statistics on the scope, causes and consequences of violence against women and on the efficiency of measures intended to prevent and fight against this kind of violence. Unfortunately, the Government of Burundi has taken few measures to implement this recommendation. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
BURUNDI | CRITIQUE | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | POLICYMAKERS | POLICE | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | VIOLENCE | RAPE | WOMEN'S HEALTH | LEGISLATION | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | LITIGATION | SOCIAL POLICY | Developing Countries | Africa, Central | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Corrections Officers | Government | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Crime | Social Problems | Behavior | Health | Diseases | Policy
Document Number: 326332

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Title: Intercultural dialogue on violence against women. Final results of a Euro-Mediterranean project.
Author: Mediterranean Institute of Gender Studies; ANTIGONE - Information Centre on Racism, Ecology, Peace and Non Violence; Alliance for Arab Women; Association HEURA; ISIS International. Center for Women and Development
Source: Nicosia, Cyprus, Mediterranean Institute of Gender Studies, 2008. [99] p.
Abstract: This 101-page document summarises the final results of the 2007 project and study carried out by the Mediterranean Institute of Gender Studies (MIGS) to enhance the participation of women in intercultural dialogue about violence against women (VAW), as well as to develop strategies for overcoming discrimination and VAW in the Euro-Mediterranean (Euro-Med) region. MIGS, based in Cyprus, and 4 co-participating organisations from the region - Egypt (Alliance for Arab Women [AAW]), Greece (ANTIGONE - Information Centre on Racism, Ecology, Peace and Non Violence), Morocco (ISIS Center for Women and Development), and Spain (Association HEURA) - identified 25 women from diverse backgrounds to discuss VAW at a 2-day workshop. Funding for the collaboration came from the Anna Lindh Foundation for the Dialogue between Cultures. The document includes a synthesis of the reports on VAW from the 5 partner countries, information from the workshop and training sessions conducted in Cyprus, and the short-listed photographs from the project's photo competition and photo exhibition. It also summarises ways and means for further cooperation among the participants in the area of eliminating VAW, as well as ways of sharing and disseminating the results of the project activities to relevant stakeholders in the partner countries and in the Euro-Med region.
Language: English
Keywords:
GREECE | EGYPT | SPAIN | MOROCCO | SUMMARY REPORT | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | LEGISLATION | HUMAN RIGHTS | RAPE | CAUSES OF DEATH | INEQUALITIES | GENDER ISSUES | WOMEN'S HEALTH | POVERTY | HIV INFECTIONS | Europe, Southern | Europe | Developed Countries | Developing Countries | Africa, North | Africa | Europe, Southwestern | Crime | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Political Factors | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Health | Viral Diseases | Diseases
Document Number: 327909

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Title: Resolution 1820 (2008). Adopted by the Security Council at its 5916th meeting, on 19 June 2008.
Author: United Nations. Security Council
Source: [New York, New York], United Nations, Security Council, 2008 Jun 19. 5 p. (S/RES/1820 (2008))
Abstract: United Nations Security Council resolution on women, peace and security, demanding halt to acts of sexual violence during armed conflict.
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | LEGISLATION | UN | GOALS | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | SEXUAL ABUSE | WAR | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | International Agencies | Organizations | Planning | Organization and Administration | Domestic Violence | Crime | Social Problems
Document Number: 327631

28.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Dangerous medicines: Unproven AIDS cures and counterfeit antiretroviral drugs.
Author: Amon JJ
Source: Globalization and Health. 2008 Feb 27;4:5.
Abstract: Increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a critical goal endorsed by the United Nations and all of its member states. At the same time, anecdotal accounts suggest that the promotion of unproven AIDS 'cures' and remedies are widespread, and in the case of The Gambia, Iran and South Africa, have been promoted by governments directly. Although a range of legislative and regulatory measures have been adopted by some governments, and technical assistance has been provided by international agencies to address counterfeit medicines generally, the threat of counterfeit antiretroviral drugs is not being addressed. Countries, charged with fulfilling the right to health and committed to expanding access to ART must explicitly recognize their obligation to combat unproven AIDS treatments and ensure the availability of a safe and efficacious drugs supply. International donors must help support and coordinate these efforts. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
GAMBIA | IRAN | SOUTH AFRICA | LITERATURE REVIEW | EVALUATION | GOVERNMENT | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | POLICYMAKERS | GOVERNMENT AGENCIES | ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS | AIDS PREVENTION | CRIME | MARKETING | LEGISLATION | HEALTH POLICY | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Middle East | Africa, Southern | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Persons Living With HIV/AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Organizations | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | AIDS | Social Problems | Economic Factors | Policy
Document Number: 324957

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Title: Project on a mechanism to address laws that discriminate against women.
Author: Banda F
Source: [Geneva, Switzerland], United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Women�s Rights and Gender Unit, 2008 Mar 6. [167] p.
Abstract: The aim of the project was to examine the advisability of creating a new mechanism to address laws that discriminate against women. The terms of reference specified two key objectives. The first was to overview existing UN mechanisms to ascertain the extent to which they addressed the issue of discriminatory laws. This involved interviewing UN human rights and agency officials working in both Geneva and New York and also reviewing the reports and jurisprudence of human rights committees and special procedure mechanisms. The second was to try to get national data on laws that discriminate against women. This was to be done by means of a questionnaire. On the basis of the data gathered, the consultant was required to advise on whether a special mechanism addressing discriminatory laws was needed. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | RESEARCH REPORT | EVALUATION | WOMEN | SEX DISCRIMINATION | LEGISLATION | INEQUALITIES | TREATIES | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | CHILD MARRIAGE | GENDER RELATIONS | ARRANGED MARRIAGE | HARMFUL TRADITIONAL PRACTICES | MARRIAGE PATTERNS | EMPLOYMENT | Demographic Factors | Population | Social Discrimination | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Political Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Human Rights | Marriage | Nuptiality | Gender Issues | Traditional Health Practices | Culture | Macroeconomic Factors
Document Number: 325464


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