| 1. Peer Reviewed Title: Relationships between condoms, hormonal methods, and sexual pleasure and satisfaction: an exploratory analysis from the Women's Well-Being and Sexuality Study. Author: Higgins JA; Hoffman S; Graham CA; Sanders SA Source: Sexual Health. 2008 Dec;5(4):321-30. Abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about how condoms and other contraceptives influence women's sexual enjoyment, which could shape use patterns. METHODS: Data from an online study of women's sexual health and functioning were used to examine how three categories of contraceptive use - hormonal method only, condoms primarily, and dual use - could help predict decreased sexual pleasure associated with contraceptive method and overall sexual satisfaction in the past 4 weeks. RESULTS: In analyses controlling for age, relationship length, and other variables, male condoms were most strongly associated with decreased pleasure, whether used alone or in conjunction with hormonal methods. Women who used hormonal methods alone were least likely to report decreased pleasure, but they also had significantly lower overall scores of sexual satisfaction compared with the other two groups. Dual users, or women who used both condoms and a hormonal method, reported the highest sexual satisfaction scores. CONCLUSIONS: Because male condoms were viewed by many of these women as decreasing sexual pleasure, sexual risk practices are likely to be affected. Although hormonal only users were highly unlikely to report decreased pleasure, they reported lower sexual satisfaction compared with the other two groups. Dual users, who had the highest sexual satisfaction scores, may have been the most sexually satisfied because they felt more fully protected against unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmissible infections - consistent with previous qualitative documentation of 'eroticising safety.' This exploratory study suggests that different contraceptives affect sexuality in various ways, warranting further research into these sexual dimensions and how they influence contraceptive practices. Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | COMPARATIVE STUDIES | WOMEN | STUDENTS | UNIVERSITIES | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS CHOSEN | CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS | SATISFACTION | SEXUALITY | CONDOM USE | SEX BEHAVIOR | RISK BEHAVIOR | United States of America | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Schools | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Family Planning | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Personality | Risk Reduction Behavior Document Number: 330443 |
2.  Peer Reviewed Title: Pregnancy intentions and contraceptive behaviors among adolescent women: A coital event level analysis. Author: Bartz D; Shew M; Ofner S; Fortenberry JD Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2007 Sep;41(3):271-276. Abstract: Measuring pregnancy intentions has been difficult. This study examines questions regarding pregnancy intentions and their association with adolescents' sexual and contraceptive behaviors longitudinally. Adolescent women completed an interview about pregnancy intentions followed by a 3-month daily diary period reporting coital activity and contraception use. Interviews assessed pregnancy intentions with: "Are you trying to get pregnant now?," "Are you trying to keep from getting pregnant now?," and "I'm very committed to not getting pregnant at this time in my life." The measured outcome was the occurrence of contraceptive protected versus non-protected coitus collected from diary data. Logistic regression was used to assess this relationship. A total of 289 women completed 677 face-to-face interviews and subsequent 3 months of diary collection. In all, 194 reported having sex during diary collection. Women trying to keep from getting pregnant (n = 265) had 51.8% of 2533 coital events covered by contraception, whereas 13.1% of 818 coital events were protected in those women who were not trying to keep from getting pregnant (OR = 9.2, 95% CI = 6.0, 13.9). Women who agreed that they were committed to not getting pregnant were more likely to have coital events protected (50.5% of 2574 events) than those who disagreed (21.2% of 576 events) (OR = 9.8, 95% CI = 5.5, 17.3). Adolescents' contraceptive behaviors were associated with reported intentions. However, approximately one half of coital events were not protected in women who agreed that they were committed to not getting pregnant. These women may represent a group at risk for unintended pregnancy. (author's) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERVIEWS | LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | SEX BEHAVIOR | COITAL FREQUENCY | CONTRACEPTION | PREGNANCY | FERTILITY DETERMINANTS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Studies | Family Planning | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Behavior | Reproduction Document Number: 319410 |
| 3. Title: Responding to the HIV pandemic: The power of an academic medical partnership. Author: Einterz RM; Kimaiyo S; Mengech HN; Khwa-Otsyula BO; Esamai F Source: Academic Medicine. 2007 Aug;82(8):812-818. Abstract: Partnerships between academic medical center (AMCs) in North America and the developing world are uniquely capable of fulfilling the tripartite needs of care, training, and research required to address health care crises in the developing world. Moreover, the institutional resources and credibility of AMCs can provide the foundation to build systems of care with long-term sustainability, even in resource-poor settings. The authors describe a partnership between Indiana University School of Medicine and Moi University and Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya that demonstrates the power of an academic medical partnership in its response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Through the Academic Model for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS, the partnership currently treats over 40,000 HIV-positive patients at 19 urban and rural sites in western Kenya, now enrolls nearly 2,000 new HIV positive patients every month, feeds up to 30,000 people weekly, enables economic security, fosters HIV prevention, tests more than 25,000 pregnant women annually for HIV, engages communities, and is developing a robust electronic information system. The partnership evolved from a program of limited size and a focus on general internal medicine into one of the largest and most comprehensive HIV/AIDS control systems in sub-Saharan Africa. The partnership's rapid increase in scale, combined with the comprehensive and long-term approach to the region's health care needs, provides a twinning model that can and should be replicated to address the shameful fact that millions are dying of preventable and treatable diseases in the developing world. (author's) Language: English Keywords: NORTH AMERICA, NORTHERN | INDIANA | KENYA | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | PREGNANT WOMEN | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | UNIVERSITIES | HIV PREVENTION | HOSPITALS | AIDS PREVENTION | HIV TESTING | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS | Americas | Developed Countries | United States of America | North America | Developing Countries | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Persons Living With HIV/AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Schools | Education | Health Facilities | Delivery of Health Care | Health | AIDS | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | HIV | Data Storage and Retrieval | Information Processing | Information Document Number: 320434 |
| 4. Peer Reviewed Title: Factors associated with time of day of sexual activity among adolescent women. Author: Fortenberry JD; Katz BP; Blythe MJ; Juliar BE; Tu W Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2006 Mar;38(3):275-281. Abstract: Our objective was to describe familial, intrapersonal, and partner-related factors associated with time of day of sexual activity among adolescent women. Annual questionnaires and daily diaries were collected from 106 adolescents. Participants contributed up to 3 questionnaires and 5 12-week diary periods over 27 months. Predictor variables included type of day (weekend, school day, vacation day); partner variables (argument with partner, partner emotional support, time spent with partner); parent/family variables such as supervision, monitoring, and attitudes about adolescent sexual behavior; and mood and behavior variables such as negative mood, positive mood, and sexual interest. The outcome variable for each diary day was no coitus, coitus between noon and 6 PM, or coitus after 6 PM. Coitus occurred on 12.0% of the diary days. Coital events were more than twice as likely to occur after 6 PM (8.5% of days) than in the afternoon (3.5% of days). Afternoon sex was least likely to occur on school days whereas evening sex occurred most often on weekends. An argument with a partner, partner emotional support, time spent with partner, sexual interest, and coital frequency were associated with increased likelihood of afternoon sex, whereas parental supervision and negative mood were associated with decreased likelihood of afternoon sex. For school days, skipping school was associated with increased likelihood of afternoon sex. Evening/night sexual activity was not associated with any parent/family variables. Afternoon sex on school days is relatively uncommon. Direct parental supervision may decrease afternoon sexual activity but relationship and intrapersonal factors also are important factors in the timing of sexual activity on any given day. (author's) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUESTIONNAIRES | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | PARENTS | TIME FACTORS | COITAL FREQUENCY | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEXUALITY | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Population Dynamics | Behavior | Personality | Psychological Factors Document Number: 297548 |
| 5. Peer Reviewed Title: Patterns of oral contraceptive pill-taking and condom use among adolescent contraceptive pill users. Author: Woods JL; Shew ML; Tu W; Ofner S; Ott MA Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2006 Sep;39(3):381-387. Abstract: Imperfect oral contraceptive pill (OCP) regimen adherence may impair contraceptive effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to describe daily adherence patterns of OCP use, to analyze OCP protection on an event level basis, and to examine pill-taking and condom use during method transitions. Women (n = 123, ages 14--17 years) completed quarterly interviews to classify OCP method choice into four categories: stable, initiated, stopped, and discordant use. Within each OCP category, daily diaries were used to assess occurrence of coitus, condom use, and patterns of day-to-day OCP use (i.e., consecutive days of OCP use reported with no more than two consecutive days of nonuse). A coital event was OCP protected if pills were used on both the day of the coitus and the day preceding. There were 123 participants who reported at least some OCP use in 210 diary periods (average diary length = 75.5 days). Fifty-three participants categorized as stable users reported 87 diary periods: the average interval of consecutive OCP use in this group was 32.5 days. Among stable users, only 45% of coital events were associated with both OCP and condom use. Over one-fifth of coital events in all groups were protected by no method of contraception. Dual use of OCP and barrier contraception remains an elusive goal. The time during OCP adoption or discontinuation is often unprotected by condoms. However, concurrent missed pills and condom nonuse increase pregnancy and infection risk even among stable OCP users. Understanding motivation for method usage may improve education and prevention techniques. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | ADOLESCENTS | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | CONDOM USE | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | USER COMPLIANCE | CONTRACEPTIVE EFFECTIVENESS | MOTIVATION | Developed Countries | United States of America | North America | Americas | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Psychological Factors Document Number: 304840 |
6.  Title: What if: How declines in teen births have improved poverty and child well-being in Indiana. Author: National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy Source: Washington, D.C., National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, 2005 Apr. 3 p. Abstract: Years of research have closely linked teen pregnancy and early childbearing to a host of other critical social issues, including overall child health and well-being, out-of-wedlock births, educational attainment and workforce readiness, responsible fatherhood, and poverty in particular -- especially child poverty. For example, young children born to a mother who is a teenager, is not married, and did not finish high school are nine times more likely to be poor than children born to mothers without these three risk factors. Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing cost taxpayers at least $7 billion annually and place a serious economic burden on schools and on health, welfare and social service systems. The U.S. teen birth rate declined by 30 percent between 1991 and 2002--a significant decrease that has made major contributions to American communities. Illustrating this very point, the U.S. Congress' Joint Economic Committee completed an analysis in April 2004 that the National Campaign in turn summarized. The congressional study posed an intriguing question: if the nation's teen birth rate had remained at its 1991 level through 2002 (rather than decreasing as it did), how many more children would have been born to teen mothers and to single mothers, and what would have been the effect on poverty and on the living arrangements of children? Findings included the following: if teen birth rates had not declined nationally by 30 percent during that time, there would have been an additional 1.2 million more children born to teen mothers, approximately 460,000 additional children in poverty and almost 700,000 more children living with a single mother. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | ONE PARENT FAMILY | BIRTH RATE | POVERTY | CHILD HEALTH | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | CAMPAIGNS | FERTILITY DECLINE | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Fertility Measurements | Economic Factors | Health | Communication Programs | Communication | Fertility Changes Document Number: 307033 |
| 7. Peer Reviewed Title: Dairy products do not lead to alterations in body weight or fat mass in young women in a 1-y intervention. Author: Gunther CW; Legowski PA; Lyle RM; McCabe GP; Eagan MS Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2005;81:751-756. Abstract: Background: Previous results suggested that increased intake of dairy calcium is associated with reduced weight and fat mass. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-term increases in consumption of dairy calcium alter body weight and fat mass in young, healthy women. Design: We used a randomized, 1-y-intervention for dairy calcium. Subjects were 155 young (aged 18-30 y), healthy, normal-weight women with intake of dietary calcium <800 mg/d and energy intake =220 kcal/d. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: 1) control: continue established dietary intake; 2) medium dairy: substitute dairy products to achieve intake of calcium of ˜1000-1100 mg/d and maintain isocaloric intake; 3) high dairy: substitute dairy products to achieve intake of calcium of 1300-1400 mg/d and maintain isocaloric intake. The main outcome measures were 1-y changes in body weight (in kg) and fat mass (in kg). One hundred thirty-five women completed the trial. Results: Mean intakes of calcium during the intervention were 742.4 ± 321.5, 1026.4 ± 311.3, and 1131.29 ± 337.2 mg/d for the control, medium-dairy, and high-dairy groups, respectively (P < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in the mean 1-y change in body weight between the control, medium-dairy, and high-dairy groups (0.8 ± 2.8, 0.7 ± 3.0, and 1.5 ± 4.1 kg, respectively; P = 0.45). No significant differences were observed in the mean 1-y change in fat mass between the control, medium- dairy, and high-dairy groups (-0.5 ± 2.5, 0.3 ± 2.7, and 0.5 ± 3.5 kg, respectively; P = 0.26). Conclusion: Increased intake of dairy products does not alter body weight or fat mass in young, healthy women over 1 y. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE CONTROL STUDIES | YOUTH | WOMEN | NUTRITION PROGRAMS | BODY WEIGHT | CALCIUM | DIET | United States of America | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Physiology | Biology | Metals | Vitamins and Minerals | Nutrition Document Number: 284551 |
| 8. Peer Reviewed Title: Relationship quality, coital frequency, and condom use as predictors of incident genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection among adolescent women. Author: Sayegh MA; Fortenberry JD; Anderson J; Orr DP Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2005 Aug;37(2):163. Abstract: The purpose was to explore associations of relationship quality, coital frequency, unprotected coitus, and chlamydia infection over time. Data came from 142 adolescent females with sexually transmitted infections attending three primary care adolescent clinics and one county STD clinic. Interview data were collected at 3 time points: enrollment, 1 month, and 3 months after enrollment. Predictor variables included relationship quality, coital frequency, unprotected coitus, and partner change. The outcome variable was infection with C. trachomatis at 3 months. Analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling. Chlamydia infection at 3 months was directly influenced by unprotected coitus during the previous 2 months (B = .25; p = .05) and partner change during the enrollment/1-month interval. Unprotected coitus was directly associated with coital frequency, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Increased relationship quality was associated with increased coital frequency but did not have direct effects on unprotected coitus. The data showed a protective effect of condom use for chlamydia infections. Prevention efforts should attend to the interpersonal factors behind decisions to use or not use condoms. (author's) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | COITAL FREQUENCY | CHLAMYDIA | CONDOM USE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Risk Reduction Behavior Document Number: 288870 |
| 9. Title: The impact of sexual arousal on sexual risk-taking: a qualitative study. Author: Strong DA Source: Journal of Sex Research. 2005 Aug;:[18] p.. Abstract: This is of potential importance in developing effective intervention strategies, as it implies that different types of intervention will be required for different types of individuals. Put simply, the individual who, because of adaptive inhibitory response patterns, is less likely to take sexual risks, needs to be well-informed about what is and what is not risky behavior. The individual who becomes and remains sexually aroused in high-risk situations, in addition to being well-informed about risk, needs to understand this aspect of his personality and how such arousal can impair his risk management, resulting in the need to learn appropriate ways to plan ahead. This theoretical model, as postulated, invokes inhibitory mechanisms which are no more consciously intended or deliberate than are arousal mechanisms, a conceptualization compatible with the items which make up the SIS1 and SIS2 scales of the SIS/SES (e.g., one item of the 11 item SIS2 scale is "If I realize there is a risk of catching a sexually transmitted disease, I am unlikely to stay sexually aroused."). In order to make best use of this theoretical model for improving interventions, we need a better understanding of how these different patterns of response are experienced at the time. To what extent are individuals aware of the effect that sexual arousal is having on their perception of risk, and vice versa? The purpose of this article is to use a qualitative approach to explore such experiences. Because we found some potentially important differences in the impact of arousability on risk-taking between straight and gay men in our quantitative studies, we have presented our findings from the present study separately for straight and gay men. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | MEN | STUDENTS | HOMOSEXUALS | HETEROSEXUALS | RISK BEHAVIOR | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEXUALITY | RISK ASSESSMENT | UNIVERSITIES | PERCEPTION | SATISFACTION | United States of America | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Behavior | Personality | Psychological Factors | Evaluation | Schools Document Number: 292864 |
| 10. Peer Reviewed Title: Correlates of condom breakage and slippage among university undergraduates. Author: Yarber WL; Graham CA; Sanders SA; Crosby RA Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS. 2004 Jul;15(7):467-472. Abstract: An anonymous questionnaire was used to explore relationships between condom breakage, slippage and possible correlates in a sample of 428 single, never married college men and women. Specific condom use errors and problems that could lead to breakage and slippage were also examined. A three-month recall period was used. Breakage/slippage was found to be associated with never receiving instruction on correct condom use (P=0.001), more than one sex partner (P=0.001), more frequent use of condoms (P=0.001), and partner(s) being less than highly motivated to use condoms (P=0.02). Those reporting that condoms had contacted a sharp object were three times as likely to report breakage (P=0.001). Those using condoms without proper lubrication (P=0.006) and those experiencing loss of erection during sex (P=0.001) were more likely to report slippage. Further research should investigate the efficacy of instruction addressing specific factors that may reduce the incidence of breakage/slippage, thereby enhancing condom effectiveness. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | STUDENTS | UNMARRIED | SEXUAL PARTNERS | CONDOM FAILURE | CONDOM USE | SEX EDUCATION | KNOWLEDGE | UNIVERSITIES | MOTIVATION | LUBRICANTS | IMPOTENCE | CONTRACEPTIVE EFFECTIVENESS | Developed Countries | United States of America | North America | Americas | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Education | Marital Status | Nuptiality | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Condoms | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Risk Reduction Behavior | Schools | Psychological Factors | Ingredients and Chemicals | Genital Effects, Male | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology Document Number: 194639 |
| 11. Title: State facts about abortion: Indiana. Author: Alan Guttmacher Institute [AGI] Source: [New York, New York], AGI, 2003. 3 p. (State Facts about Abortion) Abstract: This article presents background information about the frequency of abortion in the United States, followed by statistics on abortion frequency, abortion services, and restrictions on abortion for the United States as a whole and Indiana specifically. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIANA | PAMPHLETS | ADULTS | WOMEN | ABORTION | PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY, UNWANTED | PREGNANCY OUTCOMES | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | HEALTH FACILITIES | ABORTION LAW | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Printed Media | Mass Media | Communication | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Reproduction | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Contraception | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 175593 Notification |
| 12. Peer Reviewed Title: Developmental change in condom use self efficacy, sexual control, and sexual communication among adolescent women. [Auto-efficacité, contrôle sexuel et communication sexuelle entre les adolescents sont utilisés pour apporter des modifications au préservatif] Author: Brown SL; Juliar BE; Sayegh A; Orr DP; Fortenberry JD Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):158. Abstract: Conclusions: Increased condom use self-efficacy and sexual control suggest an influence of age or of experience and learning in sexual relationships. The initial increase in sexual communication suggests increased levels of communication earlier in relationships that then remain unchanged or decrease over time. These findings provide a developmental perspective on factors that influence key behaviors for prevention of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancy. (excerpt) French Abstract: Conclusions: L'utilisation accrue et efficace du condom, ainsi que le contrôle de la sexualité suggèrent une influence de l'âge ou de l'expérience et un apprentissage en matière de rapports sexuels. L'importance de la communication sexuelle suggère des niveaux élevés de communication plus précoces dans les rapports qui, alors, demeurent inchangés ou diminuent avec le temps. Ces conclusions fournissent une perspective de retentissement sur les facteurs qui influencent les comportements clés en matière de prévention des infections sexuellement transmissibles et des grossesse non désirées. (extrait) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | EVALUATION REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | CONDOM USE | COMMUNICATION | SEX BEHAVIOR | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | CHANGES | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Evaluation | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Change Document Number: 174986 |
| 13. Peer Reviewed Title: Pharmacists' attitudes toward and practices with adolescents. Author: Conard LA; Fortenberry JD; Blythe MJ; Orr DP Source: Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. 2003;157:361-365. Abstract: Background: Adolescents often face barriers to health care. As pharmacists' scope of practice expands, they may be in positions to decrease barriers to care for adolescents. Objective: To describe pharmacists' attitudes toward and practices with adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional self-administered survey of chief pharmacists at 1361 Indiana pharmacies. Survey items inquired about sociodemographic variables, adolescent-specific pharmacy practices, and training in adolescent health issues. Setting: All active, licensed pharmacies in Indiana were surveyed. Participants: Nine hundred forty-eight surveys (70%) were returned. Sixty-five percent of responding pharmacies were male, 54% were younger than 45 years, and 58% had been practicing for more than 15 years; 47% practiced in areas with fewer than 30000 people. Main Outcome Measures: Pharmacists' attitudes toward and practices with adolescents. Results: The majority of pharmacists (94%) dispensed prescriptions for adolescents, but 57% felt inadequately trained in adolescent-specific issues. Forty-eight percent of pharmacies did not dispense emergency contraception. Pharmacists were more likely to report dispensing contraceptives directly to 17-year-olds than to 14 year-olds, and were more likely to report contacting a parent or provider before dispensing contraceptives to 14-year-olds. Conclusions: Adolescents often require pharmacy services, but many pharmacists feel inadequately trained in adolescent-specific issues. Confidentiality may not be maintained by all members of the health care team, and a prescription may be refused by the receiving pharmacist. Younger adolescents may be face more barriers to care than older adolescents. Increasing pharmacists' knowledge and skills in adolescent issues, especially confidentiality, may decrease barriers to care and improve adolescent health outcomes. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | ADOLESCENTS | PHARMACISTS | ATTITUDES | DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | BEHAVIOR | EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION | PRESCRIPTIONS | CONTRACEPTIVE DISTRIBUTION | PARENTAL CONSENT | Developed Countries | United States of America | North America | Americas | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Population | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Psychological Factors | Contraception | Family Planning | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 281695 |
| 14. Title: Condom-use errors and problems: a neglected aspect of studies assessing condom effectiveness. Author: Crosby R; Sanders S; Yarber WL; Graham CA Source: American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2003 May;24(4):367-370. Abstract: Objective: To assess and compare condom-use errors and problems among condom-using university males and females. Methods: A convenience sample of 260 undergraduates was utilized. Males (n=118) and females (n=142) reported using condoms in the past 3 months for at least one episode of sex (penis in the mouth, vagina, or rectum) with a partner of the other sex. A questionnaire assessed 15 errors and problems associated with condom use that could be observed or experienced by females as well as males. Results: About 44% reported lack of condom availability. Errors that could contribute to failure included using sharp instruments to open condom packages (11%), storing condoms in wallets (19%), and not using a new condom when switching from one form of sex to another (83%). Thirty-eight percent reported that condoms were applied after sex had begun, and nearly 14% indicated they removed condoms before sex was concluded. Problems included loss of erection during condom application (15%) or during sex (10%). About 28% reported that condoms had either slipped off or broken. Nearly 19% perceived, at least once, that their condom problems necessitated the use of a new condom. Few differences were observed in errors and problems between males and females. Conclusions: Findings suggest that condom-use errors and problems may be quite common and that assessment of errors and problems do not necessarily need to be gender specific. Findings also suggest that correcting “user failure” may represent an important challenge in the practice of preventive medicine. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | SURVEYS | DATA ANALYSIS | STUDENTS | UNIVERSITIES | CONDOM USE | OBSTACLES | CONDOM FAILURE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Research Methodology | Sampling Studies | Studies | Education | Schools | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Organization and Administration | Condoms | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning Document Number: 178726 |
| 15. Peer Reviewed Title: Mood, mood change, sexual activity and condom use among adolescent women. Humeur, changement d'humeur, activité sexuelle et utilisation du préservatif chez les adolescentes. Author: Fortenberry JD; Temkit M; Tu W; Katz BP; Orr DP Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):157. Abstract: Conclusions: Increased positive mood and decreased negative mood suggest important mood regulating effects of sexual activity. Negative mood may be associated with increased levels of condom non-use and subsequent increased risk of negative outcomes of coitus. These complex effects of mood are not typically considered in interventions to increase protective behaviors such as abstinence or condom use. (excerpt) French Abstract: Conclusions: Les sauts négatifs et positifs de l'humeur suggèrent des effets régulateurs de l'humeur sur l'activité sexuelle. L'humeur négative peut être associée à des niveaux élevés de la non utilisation du condom et un risque augmenté subséquent de résultats négatifs du rapport sexuel. Ces effets complexes de l'humeur ne sont pas pris typiquement en compte dans les interventions pour augmenter les comportements de protection tels que l'abstinence ou l'utilisation du condom. (extrait) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | BLACKS | SEX BEHAVIOR | CONDOM USE | COITAL FREQUENCY | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Ethnic Groups | Cultural Background | Behavior | Risk Reduction Behavior Document Number: 174984 |
| 16. Peer Reviewed Title: High proportions of college men using condoms report errors and problems. Author: Lane T Source: Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2003 Jan-Feb;35(1):50. Abstract: Errors and problems associated with condom use are common among single, male college students, a cross-sectional survey shows. Sizable proportions of college men who had used condoms in the three months before the survey reported that they had not checked a condom for visible damage (75%) and had not checked the expiration date (61%). In contrast, they rarely reported that they had knowingly used a damaged or expired condom (1-2%), or reused a condom (1%). Three in five men had not discussed condom use with their partner before intercourse, and two in five had wanted to use a condom on an occasion when one was not available. Thirty-five percent of men reported that a condom had broken or slipped off during intercourse; respondents who encountered these problems reported significantly more errors in condom use than those who did not. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | SURVEYS | ADULTS | MEN | STUDENTS | UNIVERSITIES | CONDOM USE | SEX BEHAVIOR | QUALITY CONTROL | Developed Countries | United States of America | North America | Americas | Research Methodology | Sampling Studies | Studies | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Schools | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Organization and Administration Document Number: 175545 |
| 17. Peer Reviewed Title: The effect of relationship quality change on adolescent condom use over time. Effet du changement de la qualité des relations sur l'utilisation du préservatif chez les adolescents au fil du temps. Author: Sayegh MA; Fortenberry JD; Orr DP Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):158. Abstract: Conclusion: These results demonstrate a significant pattern of change among relationship characteristics and condom use over a relatively short developmental period. However, both linear and non-linear components are identified. Substantial variation in the slopes of the growth curves suggest important sub-group differences that will be explored in subsequent analyses. (excerpt) French Abstract: Conclusion: Ces résultats démontrent une caractéristique significative du changement parmi les caractéristiques de relation et l'usage du condom sur une période de développement relativement courte. Cependant, les composantes linéaires et non-linéaires sont identifiées. La variation substantielle dans les inclinaisons des courbes d'augmentation suggère des différences importantes du sous-groupe qui seront explorées dans les analyses suivantes. (extrait) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | COITAL FREQUENCY | CONDOM USE | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Risk Reduction Behavior Document Number: 174985 |
| 18. Peer Reviewed Title: The effects of relationship quality on adolescent chlamydia infection over time. Effets de la qualité des relations sur l'infection des adolescents par la chlamydia au fil du temps. Author: Sayegh MA; Fortenberry JD; Anderson JG; Orr DP Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):143. Abstract: Conclusions: Over time a direct causal relationship between condom use and chlamydia infection was found. Condom use is part of a complex set of social expectations around sexual behavior which is influenced by the quality of the relationship with the sexual partner. Results demonstrate that the reduction of chlamydia infection by reducing coital frequency would be a difficult task. Pre/intervention efforts need to attend to the interpersonal factors behind decisions to use condoms and involve both members of the relationship. (excerpt) French Abstract: Conclusions: Un rapport causal direct, à travers le temps, entre l'usage du condom et l'infection à chlamydia a été trouvé. L'usage du condom fait partie d'un ensemble complexe d'attentes sociales en matière de comportement sexuel qui est influencé par la qualité du rapport avec le partenaire sexuel. Les résultats démontrent que la réduction de l'infection à chlamydia, en réduisant la fréquence du rapport sexuel, serait une tâche difficile. Les efforts avant l'intervention nécessitent de s'occuper des facteurs interpersonnels qui régissent les décisions d'utiliser les condoms et concernent les deux partenaires. (extrait) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | CHLAMYDIA | CONDOM USE | SEX BEHAVIOR | COITAL FREQUENCY | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 175016 |
| 19. Peer Reviewed Title: Factors associated with duration of genital HPV infection. Facteurs associés à la durée de l'infection au VPH. Author: Shew M; Tu W; Juliar B; Fortenberry D; Brown BQ Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):127. Abstract: Conclusions: Given that the average survival time 7 months, most types of HPV clear in less than a year’s time. Subjects’ sexual behaviors, including coital frequency and partner numbers, had a significant impact on viral persistence. French Abstract: Conclusions: Etant donné que le temps moyen de survie est de 7 mois, la plupart des types du HPV disparaissent dans moins d'une année. Les comportements sexuels des sujets, y compris la fréquence du coït et le nombre de partenaires, avaient un impact significatif sur la persistance virale. Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | INTERVIEWS | TESTING | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | SEX BEHAVIOR | WOMEN | HPV | TIME FACTORS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Measurement | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Population Dynamics Document Number: 174974 |
| 20. Peer Reviewed Title: The influences of coitus-associated alcohol use and relationship quality on partner-specific protective sex practices by adolescent females. Influence de l'usage d'alcool associé au coït et de la qualité des relations sur les pratiques sexuelles protégées spécifiques au partenaire chez les adolescentes. Author: Woodrome SE; Zimet GD; Orr DP; Fortenberry JD Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):135. Abstract: Conclusions: The lack of association between alcohol-use concordance and relationship quality indicates that alcohol use by one or both individuals does not necessarily interfere with the development of a meaningful romantic relationship. However, the increase in the likelihood of unprotected intercourse as a function of increasing coital-associated alcohol use within the sexual partnership suggests a dyad-based lifestyle “dose-effect” which is additive with the effect of relationship closeness on unprotected intercourse. These findings suggest that health care professionals should attend to both relationship closeness and relationship lifestyle in order to evaluate young women’s risks for sexually transmitted infections. (excerpt) French Abstract: Conclusions: Le manque d'association entre la concordance de la consommation d'alcool et la qualité des relations indique que l'usage de l'alcool par l'un ou les deux individus ne perturbe pas nécessairement le développement d'une relation romantique significative. Cependant, l'augmentation de la probabilité de rapports sexuels sans protection, comme une fonction de la consommation d'alcool associée au coït dans la relation sexuelle, suggère un effet du style de vie de "dose-effet" qui est additif à l'effet de rapprochement du rapport sexuel sans protection. Ces conclusions suggèrent que les professionnels de santé devraient s'occuper du rapprochement à la fois du rapport sexuel et du style de vie pour évaluer les risques encourus par les jeunes femmes concernant les infections sexuellement transmissibles. (extrait) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | COMMUNITY SURVEYS | INTERVIEWS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | SAFER SEX | PARTNER COMMUNICATION | SEXUAL PARTNERS | ALCOHOL USE AND ABUSE | SEX BEHAVIOR | RISK BEHAVIOR | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Interpersonal Relations Document Number: 174969 |
| 21. Peer Reviewed Title: Parent-adolescent concordance in reports of sexuality-related behaviors and attitudes. Author: Zimet GD; Mays RM; Sturm LA Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):164-165. Abstract: Conclusions: In contrast to prior studies, these parents and adolescents were largely concordant in their reports of adolescent sexual intercourse. This finding may be a function of the sample (parents accompanying adolescent to medical appointments). Nonetheless, it suggests that parental report in the context of health care visits may be quite reliable. In contrast to this high concordance, there was low agreement between parent-adolescent pairs in terms of worries about future STD risk and anticipated reactions to STD acquisition. Health care providers may be in a unique position to help facilitate better communication about these issues between parent and adolescent. may be an effective way of increasing parent child communication about health, sexuality, and values. Enhancing parents’ ability to communicate their expectations and values about sexuality may help support children in making healthy decisions about sexual behavior as adolescents. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | EVALUATION REPORT | INTERVIEWS | ADOLESCENTS | PARENTS | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | ATTITUDES | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Evaluation | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Behavior | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Psychological Factors Document Number: 174989 |
| 22. Peer Reviewed Title: Parental attitudes about vaccination: sexual transmissibility, efficacy, severity and behavioral prevention. Attitudes parentales en matière de vaccination : transmissibilité sexuelle, efficacité, gravité, et prévention comportementale. Author: Zimet GD; Mays RM; Sturm LA; Ravert AA Source: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2003 Feb;32(2):164. Abstract: Conclusions: Not surprisingly, parents generally favored higher efficacy vaccines for potentially fatal infections. Contrary to expectations, however, sexual transmissibility of the infection and the availability of behavioral prevention methods were not important factors. Although a small proportion of parents (4%) were strongly opposed to STD vaccination, our results suggest that parents who accompany their adolescent children to medical appointments may find vaccination against STDs an acceptable medical procedure. (excerpt) French Abstract: Conclusions: Il n'est pas étonnant que les parents favorisent généralement des vaccins ayant une efficacité plus élevée contre les infections potentiellement fatales. Contrairement aux attentes, cependant, la transmissibilité de l'infection par voie sexuelle et la disponibilité des méthodes de prévention par le comportement ne sont pas des facteurs importants. Bien qu'une petite proportion de parents (4%) ait été fortement opposée à la vaccination contre les MST, nos résultats suggèrent que les parents qui accompagnent leurs enfants adolescents aux rendez-vous médicaux peuvent trouver la vaccination contre les MST comme une procédure médicale acceptable. (extrait) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERVIEWS | ADOLESCENTS | PARENTS | VACCINATION | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | ATTITUDES | PROGRAM ACCEPTABILITY | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Immunization | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 174988 |
| 23. Title: Contraception counts: Indiana. Author: Alan Guttmacher Institute [AGI] Source: New York, New York, AGI, 2002 Jun. [2] p. (Contraception Counts) Abstract: This article summarizes, for the state of Indiana, the following points: pregnancy outcomes in Indiana; teen pregnancy outcomes in Indiana; women at need for contraceptive services and supplies; availability of family planning services; and impact of subsidized services. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIANA | PAMPHLETS | CONTRACEPTION | LOW INCOME POPULATION | WOMEN | ADULTS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY OUTCOMES | PREGNANCY, UNPLANNED | HEALTH SERVICES | NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES | FAMILY PLANNING | NEEDS | PUBLIC ASSISTANCE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Printed Media | Mass Media | Communication | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Demographic Factors | Population | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Adolescents | Youth | Reproductive Behavior | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Reproduction | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Government Financing | Financial Activities Document Number: 175655 |
| 24. Title: Group targets Ind. abortion law. Author: Associated Press Source: New York Times. 2002 Nov 4;:[1] p.. Abstract: Opponents of a state law requiring women to get counseling before an abortion asked an appeals court Monday to block the law from taking effect while they pursue an appeal to the Supreme Court. The move by the Center for Reproductive Law and Policy came one day before the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals in Chicago was expected to issue an order allowing the law to take effect within days. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | ABORTION | ABORTION LAW | LEGISLATION | COUNSELING | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 172892 Notification |
| 25. Peer Reviewed Title: Condom use errors and problems among college men. Author: Crosby RA; Sanders SA; Yarber WL; Graham CA; Dodge B Source: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2002 Sep;29(9):552-557. Abstract: An essential yet understudied aspect of condom use is whether they are used correctly. The goal of the study was to comprehensively evaluate condom use errors and problems reported by heterosexual college men (N = 158). A cross-sectional survey, involving a 3-month recall period, was conducted. Of the 158 participants, 60% did not discuss condom use with their partner before sex; 42% reported they wanted to use condoms but did not have any available; 43% put condoms on after starting sex; 15% removed condoms before ending sex; 40% did not leave space at the tip; 30% placed the condom upside down on the penis and had to flip it over; and 32% reported losing erections in association with condom use. Nearly one-third reported breakage or slippage during sex. Few participants reported errors related to lubrication, storage, and reusing condoms. Higher error scores were associated with breakage/slippage rather than with consistency of condom use. Condom use errors were common, and error scores were associated with breakage and slippage. Increasing the focus on corresponding potential user failures may be an important public health strategy. (author's) Language: English Keywords: ADOLESCENTS, MALE | CONDOM FAILURE | CONDOM USE | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | HETEROSEXUALS | INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | SEX BEHAVIOR | STUDENTS | SURVEYS | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | UNIVERSITIES | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Condoms | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Research Methodology | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Education | Sampling Studies | Studies | Schools Document Number: 171093 |
| 26. Peer Reviewed Title: Condom use as a function of time in new and established adolescent sexual relationships. Author: Fortenberry JD; Tu W; Harezlak J; Katz BP; Orr DP Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2002 Feb;92(2):211-3. Abstract: This study sought to describe condom use over time in new and established adolescent relationships. The outcome variable was time (in days) until first unprotected coital event. Analyses involved comparisons of Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards models. Survival functions for the 2 relationship groups were significantly different. However, by 21 days the curves had converged: 43% of new and 41% of established relationships involved no protected coital events. Time to first unprotected coital event was significantly longer in new than in established relationships. Prolongation of condom use in ongoing relationships may be a useful intervention to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS | CONDOMS | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | SEXUAL PARTNERS | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEXUAL INTERCOURSE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Behavior | Reproduction Document Number: 165199 |
| 27. Peer Reviewed Title: Post-treatment sexual and prevention behaviours of adolescents with sexually transmitted infections. Author: Fortenberry JD; Brizendine EJ; Katz BP; Orr DP Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2002;78(5):365-368. Abstract: Objective: To evaluate sexual behavior (including abstinence), sex partner change, and condom use during the 3 month period following treatment for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, or non-gonococcal urethritis. Methods: 251 14–21 year old participants (83% female; 83% African-American) diagnosed with gonorrhoea, chlamydia, trichomonas, or non-gonococcal urethritis or sexual contacts of infected partners. Participants were clients of a public sexually transmitted diseases clinic or primary care adolescent clinics. Data were collected by structured interview at treatment, 1 month post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment. At each visit, participants were asked about coital frequency and condom use for each recent partner. At 1 month, participants were asked when coitus occurred following treatment. At each follow up visit, sex partners were compared to partners named at treatment and classified as “same partner(s),” “new partner(s),” or both “same and new partner(s).” Results: Post-treatment abstinence was reported by 26% and 19% for the 1 month and 3 month visits, respectively. Abstinence was associated with greater likelihood of infection at enrolment although abstainers reported fewer lifetime STI and fewer lifetime sex partners. A substantial proportion of participants reported additional sexual contact with a previous partner. The average proportion of condom protected coital events increased from about 45% at enrolment to 64% at 1 month and 58% at 3 months (p<0.05). Higher levels were sustained for the 3 months following treatment. Conclusions: Many adolescents adopt, at least temporarily, risk reduction behaviors such as abstinence or increased condom use. Sexual re-exposure to potentially untreated previous partners may increase risk of subsequent reinfection. (author’s) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | EVALUATION REPORT | INTERVIEWS | ADOLESCENTS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | TRICHOMONIASIS | GONORRHEA | CHLAMYDIA | SEX BEHAVIOR | CONDOM USE | ABSTINENCE | RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR | INTERVENTIONS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Evaluation | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Behavior | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Family Planning | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 173009 |
| 28. Title: Sexual behavior among adolescent women at high risk for sexually transmitted infections. Author: Katz BP; Fortenberry JD; Tu W; Harezlak J; Orr DP Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2001 May;28(5):247-251. Abstract: The temporal pattern of partners and sexual encounters may be key factors in the acquisition and transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Behavior among adolescent women is of particular interest because they frequently have the highest prevalence and incidence of infection. Goal: To examine coital diary data collected during a 7-month longitudinal study of young women at high risk of STDs and to describe their sexual behaviors, with particular attention to issues of partner sequence and overlap. A 7-month longitudinal study of young women infected with or having a sexual contact infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or Trichomonas vaginalis attending the STD clinic or one of four neighborhood adolescent health clinics. Data were collected at enrollment and at 1, 3, 5, and 7-month follow-up visits. Coital diaries were kept between visits. The average frequency of coital events was 0.94 per week. The median number of sexual partners during the follow-up period was one, and overlapping of partnerships was an uncommon occurrence. The number of days between the last coital event of a current relationship and the first encounter of a new relationship differed for those choosing a new partner (mean, 20.6 days) and those who returned to a previous partner (mean, 7.9 days; P < 0.001). Although at high risk for STDs, high-risk behavior was not common among the study population. Partner choice and the behavior of these partners may be more important elements than personal high-risk behavior in accounting for the high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among inner-city adolescent women. (author's) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIANA | RESEARCH REPORT | LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | HIGH RISK WOMEN | SEX BEHAVIOR | RISK BEHAVIOR | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | SEXUAL INTERCOURSE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproduction | Behavior | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases Document Number: 278046 |
| 29. Peer Reviewed Title: A prospective study of the effects of oral contraceptives on sexuality and well-being and their relationship to discontinuation. Author: Sanders SA; Graham CA; Bass JL; Bancroft J Source: Contraception. 2001 Jul;64(1):51-8. Abstract: The purpose of the study was to explore predictors of discontinuation of oral contraceptives (OCs) including pre-OC use characteristics and adverse physical, emotional, and sexual effects of OCs. Women aged 18+ years in committed, sexually active relationships were assessed before starting OC use and reassessed at 3, 6, and 12 months or shortly after discontinuation. Assessment included pre-OC use attitudes and expectations about the pill; self-reported side effects and perimenstrual symptoms including premenstrual syndrome (PMS); physical and emotional well-being; and sexual interest, enjoyment, and frequency of sexual activity. 79 women completed the study, 38% continued OCs, 47% discontinued, and 14% switched to another OC. Emotional side effects, worsening of PMS, decreased frequency of sexual thoughts, and decreased psychosexual arousability correctly categorized 87% of cases by using logistic regression. Emotional and sexual side effects were the best predictors of discontinuation/switching, yet such OC effects have been largely ignored in the research literature. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, SIDE EFFECTS | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEXUALITY | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | EMOTIONS | CONTRACEPTION TERMINATION | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS | SIDE EFFECTS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Contraceptive Safety | Safety | Public Health | Health | Behavior | Personality | Contraception | Family Planning | Treatment Document Number: 160400 |
| 30. Peer Reviewed Title: A history of the measurement of unintended pregnancies and births. Author: Campbell AA; Mosher WD Source: MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL. 2000 Sep;4(3):163-9. Abstract: This article reviews the history of the measurement of unwanted and unintended pregnancy in fertility surveys in the US. These concepts were developed in order to help explain trends and differences in birth rates in the US. Unwanted fertility was first measured systematically in a survey in Indianapolis in 1941. The first national surveys to measure the concept of unwanted fertility were the 1955 and 1960 Growth of American Families Studies. All three of these surveys were limited to married women. In the 1965 National Fertility Survey, the concept of mistimed births was introduced. The 1973, 1976, 1982, and 1988 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) continued to measure trends in unwanted and mistimed fertility, while expanding the population interviewed, from currently married to all marital statuses. The 1993 and 2001 NSFG have enriched the data on wantedness with new measures of ambivalence and the strength of feelings about having children. Measures of unwanted fertility, while imperfect, have been useful and will continue to be improved in the future. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIANA | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | HISTORICAL REVIEW | FERTILITY MEASUREMENTS | PREGNANCY, UNWANTED | PREGNANCY, UNPLANNED | BIRTH RATE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Behavior Document Number: 153065 |
 |
||
 |
Information & Knowledge for Optimal Health (INFO) Project 111 Market Place Suite 310, Baltimore, MD 21202 Phone: 410-659-6300 Fax: 410-659-6266 Security & Privacy Policy |  |