| 1. Peer Reviewed Title: Marked increase in child survival after four years of intensive malaria control. Author: Kleinschmidt I; Schwabe C; Benavente L; Torrez M; Ridl FC; Segura JL; Ehmer P; Nchama GN Source: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2009 Jun;80(6):882-8. Abstract: In malaria-endemic countries in Africa, a large proportion of child deaths are directly or indirectly attributable to infection with Plasmodium falciparum. Four years after high coverage, multiple malaria control interventions were introduced on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, changes in infection with malarial parasites, anemia, and fever history in children were estimated and assessed in relation to changes in all-cause under-5 mortality. There were reductions in prevalence of infection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.2-0.46), anemia (OR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.07-0.18), and reported fevers (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.22-0.76) in children. Under-5 mortality fell from 152 per 1,000 births (95% CI = 122-186) to 55 per 1,000 (95% CI = 38-77; hazard ratio = 0.34 [95% CI = 0.23-0.49]). Effective malaria control measures can dramatically increase child survival and play a key role in achieving millennium development goals. Language: English Keywords: EQUATORIAL GUINEA | RESEARCH REPORT | SAMPLING STUDIES | CHILD SURVIVAL | INTERVENTIONS | MALARIA PREVENTION | ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS | PESTICIDES | BED NETS | IEC | MONITORING | CHILD MORTALITY | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Studies | Research Methodology | Survivorship | Length of Life | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Programs | Organization and Administration | Malaria | Parasitic Diseases | Diseases | Ingredients and Chemicals | Parasite Control | Public Health | Health | Program Activities | Evaluation Document Number: 341764 |
2.  Title: Dental school deans' and dentists' perceptions of infection control and HIV/AIDS patient care: a challenge for dental education in Mexico. Author: Vazquez-Mayoral EE; Sanchez-Perez L; Olguin-Barreto Y; Acosta-Gio AE Source: AIDS Patient Care and STDs. 2009 Jul;23(7):557-62. Abstract: HIV/AIDS patients face unique oral diagnostic and treatment challenges. The aim of this investigation among dental school deans (DSD) and graduate school applicants (GSA) who had qualified from 30 different dental schools was to assess their perceptions on dental education relevant to infection control (IC) and HIV/AIDS patient care. The questionnaire included Likert-type scale evaluations of agreement with statements. Of 158 questionnaires, 23 DSD (68% response rate), and 123 GSA (100% response rate) returned valid questionnaires. Fifteen (65%) DSD and 89 (72%) GSA ranked as "very strong" their perception that infection control prevents the transmission of blood borne viruses. However, the perception prevailed, among DSD and GSA, that HIV infection was a "very strong" to "strong" occupational hazard. Special reprocessing of instruments used on HIV patients was frequently reported. Many considered "very strong" to "strong" that HIV/AIDS patients must be treated in specialized clinics, and nearly half (48%) of the DSD and one third (35%) of the GSA stated that their school does refer HIV/AIDS patients to dental treatment in specialized clinics. These results indicate that many dental schools in Mexico must provide better education on IC and HIV/AIDS patient care to enhance attitudes toward HIV/AIDS patients. Language: English Keywords: MEXICO | RESEARCH REPORT | QUESTIONNAIRES | DENTISTS | PERCEPTION | HIV INFECTIONS | AIDS | STAFF ATTITUDE | IEC | NEEDS | RISK FACTORS | FEAR | North America | Americas | Developing Countries | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Attitudes | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Economic Factors | Emotions Document Number: 342982 |
3.  Title: Potential market for CycleBeads: a basic model for estimating demand. Author: Georgetown University. Institute for Reproductive Health Source: Washington, D.C., Georgetown University, Institute for Reproductive Health, 2008. [13] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. GPO-A-00-07-0003-00) Abstract: The purpose of this tool kit is to provide programs with guidelines for establishing an initial supply of CycleBeads in their country or region. CycleBeads are a string of teardrop-shaped, colored beads that represent each day of a woman's menstrual cycle. They help a women know if she is on a day when pregnancy is likely or on a day when pregnancy is very unlikely. CycleBeads are based on the Standard Days Method (SDM) of family planning. This model is a tool to help program managers use generally available statistics and data to define the potential market for CycleBeads in their area. It is intended to help guide estimations for overall CycleBeads demand in a country for which there is no or little historical data on CycleBeads use. (Excerpts) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | TEACHING MATERIALS | ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES | MATHEMATICAL MODEL | MENSTRUAL CYCLE | RHYTHM METHOD, CALENDAR | NEEDS | AWARENESS | IEC | FAMILY PLANNING, TRADITIONAL METHODS | Research Methodology | Theoretical Models | Menstruation | Reproduction | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Family Planning | Economic Factors | Knowledge | Sociocultural Factors | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 331671 |
| 4. Title: AWARENESS Project. Bolivia country report, 2001-2006. Author: Georgetown University. Institute for Reproductive Health. AWARENESS Project Source: Washington, D.C., Georgetown University, Institute for Reproductive Health, 2008 Jan. [12] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A-00-97-00011-00) Abstract: IRH collaborated with the MOH and the PROCOSI (Programa de Coordinación en Salud Integral) network of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to integrate the SDM into public- and private sector services. As a result, in 2001, the MOH included the SDM in its national family planning (FP) norms and in 2004 added it to services covered by its public health insurance policy, thereby requiring that the method be provided free of charge to qualifying women at all MOH clinics. The MOH, key NGOs, and EngenderHealth (the USAID cooperating agency [CA] now responsible for TA to the MOH on family planning), all have integrated the SDM into their pre-service curricula, as have two auxiliary nursing programs in Trinidad and Beni departments. Efforts continue to integrate the SDM into the Cochabamba school of public health?s auxiliary nursing curriculum, as this school is responsible for certifying curriculum changes for all public-sector auxiliary nursing programs nationally. USAID/Bolivia discontinued field support to IRH after FY05, and IRH phased out activities in Bolivia by September 2006. By then the SDM was available in 270 MOH networks in six departments, and seven NGOs; over 2,100 providers had been trained; and over 14,000 couples were registered as SDM users. With a grant from EngenderHealth, IRH has continued to transfer capacity for further consolidation of SDM integration. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: BOLIVIA | TECHNICAL REPORT | FERTILITY AWARENESS | FAMILY PLANNING, BEHAVIORAL METHODS | IEC | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | CAPACITY BUILDING | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE | NEEDS | South America, Central | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Family Planning | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Program Sustainability | Program Evaluation | Health Services Evaluation | Economic Factors Document Number: 327617 |
| 5. Title: AWARENESS Project. Burkina Faso country report, 2002-2007. Author: Georgetown University. Institute for Reproductive Health. AWARENESS Project Source: Washington, D.C., Georgetown University, Institute for Reproductive Health, 2008 Jan. [14] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A-00-97-00011-00) Abstract: In 2002, the MOH invited IRH to conduct a pilot study of the acceptability and feasibility of introducing the SDM through public and private-sector services. Results showed high acceptability with clients and providers. The SDM appeared to be an acceptable family planning method because, similar to traditional methods familiar to approximately half of Burkinabé women and men, the method does not have any effect on women?s health and has no side effects. The study also showed the feasibility of providing the SDM though the public-sector family planning program. The MOH therefore decided to expand SDM availability throughout the country and include it in national reproductive health norms. Scale-up efforts began in June 2005 when the MOH included the SDM on the list of methods to promote and CycleBeads on its essential family planning commodities procurement list. To expand coverage, IRH and JHPIEGO developed alliances across a broad network of faith-based and secular organizations. Strong endorsement from top Catholic clerics, the MOH, and community leaders (both Muslim and Christian) has been key to making SDM an integral part of the family planning program in Burkina Faso. IRH and JHPIEGO have trained 17 master trainers on the SDM and 13 on LAM. These trainers have trained over 120 SDM providers and more than 150 LAM providers. The SDM is available in 57 sites and LAM in nine. Eight other partners have started providing the SDM and/or LAM and together these organizations have registered more than 5,000 SDM users and more than 300 LAM users (under-reporting is significant). IRH and JHPIEGO are seeking options for continued support for LAM and SDM in Burkina Faso. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: BURKINA FASO | TECHNICAL REPORT | FERTILITY AWARENESS | FAMILY PLANNING, BEHAVIORAL METHODS | IEC | COMMUNITY-BASED DISTRIBUTION | LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD | CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD ACCEPTABILITY | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | TRAINING PROGRAMS | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Family Planning | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Nonclinical Distribution | Distributional Activities | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Education Document Number: 327618 |
| 6. Peer Reviewed Title: Access to reproductive health services among immigrants and refugees in Botswana. Author: Ama NO; Oucho JO Source: Journal of Family Welfare. 2008 Jun;54(1):47-61. Abstract: This study examined the extent of access to reproductive health services by immigrants and refugees in Botswana against the recognition of the fact that access to reproductive health services, including contraception as well as care in pregnancy and childbirth can lead to: (i) reduction in a woman's exposure to fatal obstetric complications; (ii) reduction in the incidence of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases; (iii) empowerment of women to make informed choices and decisions that affect their lives; and (iv) it portends dangerous circumstances for Botswana when a resident in the country, in this study immigrants and refugees, fail to access these services. The findings of the study confirm that while immigrants are aware of the availability of most reproductive health services in the Botswana health care system, the refugees are only aware of services in antenatal care, normal delivery, treatment of STDs, AIDS counseling and HIV testing and programme on contraceptive availability. This finding is in contrast to those of Purdin et al, that a wide range of refugee and conflict-affected sites provide reproductive health services. Surprisingly too, IEC programme on human sexuality is hardly available to the immigrants and refugees. Unlike the majority of immigrants, refugees fled their home country due to unbearable sociopolitical circumstances and are more vulnerable to circumstances in Botswana about which they can do little to redress; they need information on reproductive health services available in the health care system in Botswana through an lEC programme that is tailored to their needs. Language: English Keywords: BOTSWANA | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | REFUGEES | MIGRANT WORKERS | HEALTH SERVICES | PRIMARY HEALTH CARE | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Labor Force | Human Resources | Economic Factors | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Program Evaluation Document Number: 340185 |
| 7. Peer Reviewed Title: Antenatal care in The Gambia: Missed opportunity for information, education and communication. Author: Anya SE; Hydara A; Jaiteh LE Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2008 Mar 7;8:9. Abstract: Antenatal care is widely established and provides an opportunity to inform and educate pregnant women about pregnancy, childbirth and care of the newborn. It is expected that this would assist the women in making choices that would contribute to good pregnancy outcome. We examined the provision of information and education in antenatal clinics from the perspective of pregnant women attending these clinics. A cross sectional survey of 457 pregnant women attending six urban and six rural antenatal clinics in the largest health division in The Gambia was undertaken. The women were interviewed using modified antenatal client exit interview and antenatal record review questionnaires from the WHO Safe Motherhood Needs Assessment kit. Differences between women attending urban and rural clinics were assessed using the Chi-square test. Relative risks with 95% confidence intervals are presented. Ninety percent of those interviewed had attended the antenatal clinic more than once and 52% four or more times. Most pregnant women (70.5%) said they spent 3 minutes or less with the antenatal care provider. About 35% recalled they were informed or educated on diet and nutrition, 30.4% on care of the baby, 23.6% on family planning, 22.8% on place of birth and 19.3% on what to do if there was a complication. About 25% of pregnant women said they were given information about the progress of their pregnancy after consultation and only 12.8% asked their provider any question. Awareness of danger signs was low. The proportions of women that recognised signs of danger were 28.9% for anaemia, 24.6% for hypertension, 14.8% for haemorrhage, 12.9% for fever and 5% for puerperal sepsis. Prolonged labour was not recognised as a danger sign. Women attending rural antenatal clinics were two times more likely to recognise signs of anaemia and hypertension as indicative of danger compared to women attending urban antenatal clinics. Information, education and communication during antenatal care in the largest health division are poor. Pregnant women are ill-equipped to make appropriate choices especially when they are in danger. This contributes to the persistence of high maternal mortality ratios in the country. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GAMBIA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | PREGNANT WOMEN | ANTENATAL CARE | IEC | PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS | MATERNAL MORTALITY | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Maternal Health Services | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Diseases | Mortality | Population Dynamics Document Number: 325026 |
| 8. Peer Reviewed Title: Effectiveness of IEC interventions in reducing HIV/AIDS related stigma among high school adolescents in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. Author: Bekele A; Ali A Source: Ethiopian Journal of Health Development. 2008;22(3):232-242. Abstract: Background: Stigma and discrimination are among the major challenges in HIV/AIDS to disease prevention while IEC interventions are among the mechanisms to mitigate them. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of IEC interventions. Methods: Interventional study was conducted from January to March 2007 among high school adolescents in Awassa Town using four different IEC interventions namely; interpersonal communication, pamphlets, educational video and the combination of the three interventions. Results: Stigmatizing attitudes ranged from 0-65.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed grade, religion, beliefs in HIV transmission by witchcraft and HIV transmission by feeding on uncooked egg/meat of chicken that swallowed used condom were independent predictors of avoidant behavioral intentions. Residence, fathers' education, television ownership, witchcraft transmission, healthy looking person can have HIV, HIV prevention by having sex with virgin girls and PLWHA with multiple sexual partners were found to be the main determinants of coercive attitude. ANOVA (F-statistics) revealed that the interventions were effective with and statistics=17.484 (pvalue< 0.0001). Conclusion: Misconceptions on HIV transmission and prevention, stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes were prevalent among the adolescents. Remarkable reduction in HIV related misconceptions, stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes were observed. Hence, campaigns using combined IEC interventions on HIV/AIDS need to be intensified to dispel some of the prevailing misconceptions and associated stigma and discrimination among school adolescents. Language: English Keywords: ETHIOPIA | RESEARCH REPORT | YOUTH | ADOLESCENTS | STUDENTS | SECONDARY SCHOOLS | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | STIGMA | SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Schools | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors | Program Evaluation Document Number: 329294 |
| 9. Peer Reviewed Title: Determinants of exposure to mass media family planning messages among indigenous people in Bangladesh: A study on the Garo. Author: Islam MR; Islam MA; Banowary B Source: Journal of Biosocial Science. 2008 Oct 13;:[9] p. Abstract: This paper evaluates exposure to mass media family planning (FP) messages among the Garo, an indigenous community in Bangladesh. A sample of 223 currently married Garo women were selected purposively from two districts where most of the Garo population live. The analysis demonstrated that television was the most significant form of mass media to disseminate FP messages among the recipients - more so than radio and newspapers. About 80.6% of the respondents had heard of FP messages through television, while for the radio and newspapers the percentages were 55.3% and 22.7% respectively. The contraceptive prevalence rate is much higher (79.5%) in the study area than the national level (55.8%). A linear logistic regression model was employed to identify the confluence of different demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on mass media FP messages. Regarding exposure to FP messages, four independent variables out of six had significant effects on the exposure to FP messages through any one of the types of media, i.e. radio, television and newspapers. These independent variables were age, level of education, occupation and number of children. Language: English Keywords: BANGLADESH | RESEARCH REPORT | MASS MEDIA | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | COMMUNICATION PROGRAMS | IEC | RADIO | TELEVISION | NEWSPAPERS | CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE | LOGISTIC MODEL | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Communication | Family Planning | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Broadcast Media | Printed Media | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Mathematical Model | Theoretical Models | Research Methodology Document Number: 328493 |
| 10. Title: Modeling the effect of information campaigns on the HIV epidemic in Uganda. Author: Joshi H; Lenhart S; Albright K; Gipson K Source: Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering. 2008 Oct;5(4):757-70. Abstract: The increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Africa over the past twenty-five years continues to erode the continent's health care and overall welfare. There have been various responses to the pandemic, led by Uganda, which has had the greatest success in combating the disease. Part of Uganda's success has been attributed to a formalized information, education, and communication (IEC) strategy, lowering estimated HIV/AIDS infection rates from 18.5% in 1995 to 4.1% in 2003. We formulate a model to investigate the effects of information and education campaigns on the HIV epidemic in Uganda. These campaigns affect people's behavior and can divide the susceptibles class into subclasses with different infectivity rates. Our model is a system of ordinary differential equations and we use data about the epidemics and the number of organizations involved in the campaigns to estimate the model parameters. We compare our model with three types of susceptibles to a standard SIR model. Language: English Keywords: UGANDA | RESEARCH REPORT | MATHEMATICAL MODEL | CAMPAIGNS | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | HIV PREVENTION | BEHAVIOR CHANGE | PROGRAM EVALUATION | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Theoretical Models | Research Methodology | Communication Programs | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Behavior Document Number: 331009 |
| 11. Title: Increasing the accessibility, acceptability and use of the IUD in Gujarat, India. Author: Khan ME; Kar SS; Desai VK; Patel P; Itare BP Source: [Washington, D.C.], Population Council, Frontiers in Reproductive Health, 2008 May. [38] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A- 00-98-00012-00) Abstract: Despite the many advantages of the IUD as a method of family planning, it generally suffers from unpopularity worldwide, with the exception of a few countries like China, Egypt, Mexico and Turkey. The scenario in India is the same, with less than two percent of currently women adopting the IUD as a method of contraception. The USAID-funded FRONTIERS Program of the Population Council, in collaboration with the Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Gujarat and the Center for Operations Research and Training, Vadodara, conducted an operations research study to test the hypothesis that improving the demand for the IUD and simultaneously strengthening the technical competencies and counseling skills of the providers, use of the IUD use would increase. Knowledge of providers on the critical steps for providing IUD services increased significantly, from 5 percent to 40 percent, and the proportion of women having poor knowledge (score of <7 out of 29) decreased significantly from 81 to 47 percent. Demand generation activities and provision of good quality IUD services, together with a supportive programmatic environment when carried out simultaneously showed increased acceptance of the IUD. The intervention could be easily integrated into the existing system. A sustained and coherent IEC campaign is required to remove myths; the IEC and counseling aids developed for the study have been well accepted by health care providers, clients and national and state government officials. (Excerpts) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | SUMMARY REPORT | INTERVENTIONS | COUNSELING | BEHAVIOR CHANGE | BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION | HEALTH EDUCATION MATERIALS | IUD | COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | HEALTH SERVICES | IMPLEMENTATION | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Programs | Organization and Administration | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Behavior | Communication Programs | Health Education | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Quantitative Evaluation | Evaluation | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 331583 |
| 12. Title: Comparing the effectiveness and costs of alternative strategies for improving access to information and services for the IUD in Ghana. Author: Osei I; Voetagbe G; Aikins M; Gyapong J; Nyarko P Source: [Washington, D.C.], Population Council, Frontiers in Reproductive Health, 2008 Sep. [29] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A-00-98-00012-00) Abstract: The study interventions were intended to improve knowledge, perceptions and attitudes toward the IUD and other long-acting methods among service providers and community members. We examined the general and method-specific knowledge of long-acting FP methods among clients and providers, as well as the level of contraceptive use by method in the intervention and comparison communities in the pre- and post-intervention periods, using structured interviews, FGDs, and service statistics compiled by the CHOs. Knowledge of long-acting methods (IUD, Norplant, and male and female sterilization) significantly increased among all women over the time of the study. Given that there were equal increases in the comparison group, it is not possible to attribute the increases in the two experimental groups to the project?s interventions. The possibility of contamination between the intervention and comparison groups makes it difficult to determine categorically the extent to which the interventions had an impact at the population level. However, the five-fold increases in the numbers of new IUD and implant users recorded by CHOs who undertook insertions at the community-level, together with the much lower cost per CYP for this model, suggest that training CHOs to educate communities about long-acting methods and enabling them to provide them at the community level should be considered. (Excerpts) Language: English Keywords: GHANA | SUMMARY REPORT | USAID | COMPARATIVE STUDIES | COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY | MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | MONITORING | FAMILY PLANNING | KNOWLEDGE | CAMPAIGNS | INTERVENTIONS | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Government Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Studies | Quantitative Evaluation | Evaluation | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Communication Programs Document Number: 331443 |
| 13. Title: Enhanced and Rapid Improvement of Community Health in Mindanao (EnRICH) program. Final report. Author: ACDI / VOCA. Enhanced and Rapid Improvement of Community Health in Mindanao [EnRICH] Source: Quezon City, Philippines, ACDI / VOCA, 2007 Feb 28. 25 p. (USAID Award No. CA 492-A-00-02-00025-00) Abstract: The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) is one of the six administrative regions of Mindanao. It is composed of five provinces: Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi; and one city, Marawi. It has a population of more than 2 million, 98 percent of the population predominantly are Muslims. It is populated by five major ethnolinguistic groups, namely Yakan in Basilan, Maranao in Lanao del Sur and Marawi City, Maguindanaon in Maguindanao, Tausug in Sulu and Sama in Tawi-Tawi. With poverty incidence of 71.3 percent and a population growth of 3.86 percent (compared with the national average of 2.36 percent), the five provinces and one city are included in the most depressed provinces in the Philippines. The region regularly reports the lowest health and family planning (FP) statistics. According to the National Demographic and Health Survey, fully immunized child (FIC) coverage is at 44 percent (the national mark is 73 percent) while infant mortality rate is at 55/1000 live births (the national record is 35/1000 live births). Women using modern FP methods account for only 11.6 percent as compared to the national figure of 33.4 percent. Political instability, weak leadership, frequent armed conflicts and the geographic inaccessibility of many areas have made the delivery of health services difficult and unstable. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: PHILIPPINES | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS | YOUTH | PRIMARY HEALTH CARE | PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT | INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION | COORDINATION | BEST PRACTICES | CAPACITY BUILDING | TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | HEALTH SERVICES | INTERVENTIONS | RECOMMENDATIONS | USAID | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Management | Organization and Administration | Programs | Program Sustainability | Health Personnel | Program Activities | Government Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 324272 |
| 14. Title: Positive prevention: HIV prevention with people living with HIV. A guide for NGOs and service providers. Author: International HIV / AIDS Alliance. Frontiers Prevention Project Source: Brighton, United Kingdom, International HIV / AIDS Alliance, 2007. 31 p. Abstract: The expanding provision of antiretroviral (ARV) treatment has brought a return to good health and new hope to many people throughout the world who are living with HIV. This ongoing achievement, coupled with the increasing numbers of people accessing HIV testing, brings a new challenge: meeting the HIV prevention needs of people living with HIV. This guide is intended as a resource to help nongovernmental organisation (NGO) staff and HIV service providers working across the spectrum of HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services to take steps towards integrating HIV prevention for, by and with people living with HIV. It is hoped it will also be of use both to individual people living with HIV and to their partners. The guide does not intend to discuss or review all HIV prevention strategies. Rather, it is a starting point from which to consider different strategies to assist NGO staff and HIV service provider organisations to support HIV positive people to live well with HIV and have safersexual relationships within a full and healthy life. This guide focuses largely on the sexual transmission of HIV. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | MANUAL | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | PEER EDUCATORS | SUPPORT GROUPS | HIV PREVENTION | DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE | VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING | IEC | RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR | CARE AND SUPPORT | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Education | Social Networks | Friends and Relatives | Family and Household | Health | HIV Testing | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Behavior Document Number: 323684 |
| 15. Title: Postpartum family planning technical consultation -- report brief, 14 November 2006, Washington, D.C. Author: JHPIEGO. ACCESS-FP Source: [Baltimore, Maryland], JHPIEGO, ACCESS FP, [2007]. [4] p. (USAID Associate Cooperative Agreement No. GPO-A-00-05-00025-00USAID Leader with Associates Cooperative Agreement No. GHS-A-00-04-00002-00) Abstract: The benefits of family planning for both maternal and infant health have been well documented. According to a recent article published in The Lancet, an estimated 25 to 40 percent of maternal deaths could be averted if unplanned and unwanted pregnancies were prevented. Another recent Lancet study calculates a 10 percent reduction in child deaths (one million under-five deaths averted annually) by eliminating inter-birth intervals of less than two years. Despite this accumulation of evidence, the current status of postpartum care, including family planning, is distressingly poor. Postpartum family planning (PPFP), provided through the first year postpartum, is a relatively straightforward service, yet it has not been systematically addressed by either maternal, neonatal or child health or reproductive health/family planning programs. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | WORKSHOPS | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | FAMILY PLANNING PERSONNEL | POSTPARTUM PROGRAMS | PARTICIPATION | ANTENATAL CARE | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | IMPLEMENTATION | PROGRAM ACTIVITIES | Programs | Organization and Administration | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning | Social Behavior | Behavior | Maternal Health Services | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 318005 |
| 16. Title: A study of awareness on HIV / AIDS among higher secondary school students in Central Kolkata [letter] Author: Chakrovarty A; Nandy S; Roy R; Sengupta B; Chatterjee S; Chaudhuri RN Source: Indian Journal of Community Medicine. 2007 Jul-Sep;32(3):228-229. Abstract: Adolescents comprise about 22% of the population of India. This large group of population contains high potentiality for social and economic development of the country in future. It is alarming that in India rates for new HIV infections every year among young males and females are 0.46% and 0.96% respectively. There is paucity of data in Kolkatta regarding awareness on HIV/AIDS among adolescents, which are required to plan an Information, Education and Communication (IEC) program for them. The study was undertaken among school students (classes XI and XII) to assess the level of knowledge on the existence, mode of transmission and prevention of AIDS and also to elicit the history of sexual exposure. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | CRITIQUE | AWARENESS | STUDENTS | SECONDARY SCHOOLS | ADOLESCENTS, MALE | HIV INFECTIONS | AIDS | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | KNOWLEDGE | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Sociocultural Factors | Schools | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 321655 |
| 17. Title: Rapid assessment of infant-feeding practices in Agra district. Author: Chaturvedi M; Nandan D; Gupta SC Source: Indian Journal of Community Medicine. 2007 Jul-Sep;32(3):227. Abstract: Childhood under-nutrition in our country mostly originates from inadequate and faulty practices of feeding newborns and children, coupled with exposure to contaminated environment. The low prevalence and duration of exclusive and partial breastfeeding increase the risk of infant and childhood morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. According to an analysis, breastfeeding was identified as the single most effective preventive intervention, which could prevent 13-16% of all childhood deaths in India. Adequate complementary feeding between the age of 6 and 24 months could prevent an additional 6% of all such deaths. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | MOTHERS | INFANT | BREASTFEEDING | SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | EXPOSURE | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Research Methodology | Parents | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Infant Nutrition | Nutrition | Health | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Risk Factors | Biology | Diseases Document Number: 321654 |
| 18. Title: Utilisation of integrated Counselling & Testing Centre (ICTC): A comparative study between a tertiary care teaching hospital and a government district hospital in Karnataka. Author: Gomes LA; Somu G; Rinkoo AV; Vinay GM Source: Indian Journal of Public Health. 2007 Jan-Mar;51(1):39-40. Abstract: A study was undertaken during November 2005 to October 2006 to assess about utilization aspects of ICTC at a tertiary care teaching hospital and a government district hospital in Karnataka. The average monthly numbers of persons visiting ICTC per month at the tertiary care teaching hospital (509) were higher than that of Government district hospital (222). However, the average monthly number of direct walk-in persons and follow up, attending the centre at district hospital were higher than that of teaching hospital. Thus optimal use of information, education and communication (IEC) technique needs to be strengthened to improve the utilization of ICTC services at the tertiary care teaching hospital. Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | COMPARATIVE STUDIES | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | CLIENTS | HIV TESTING | COUNSELING | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | HOSPITALS | UTILIZATION OF HEALTH CARE | STIGMA | IEC | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Clinic Activities | Health Facilities | Social Problems | Sociocultural Factors Document Number: 339878 |
| 19. Peer Reviewed Title: Use of periodic abstinence in Bangladesh: do they really understand? Author: Kamal N; Saha UR; Ali Khan M; Bairagi R Source: Journal of Biosocial Science. 2007 Jan;39(1):27-40. Abstract: Data from a nationally representative study in Bangladesh (BDHS 1996-97) were analysed to identify significant predictors of use of periodic abstinence, in comparison with other modern contraceptive methods. The study found that women in Bangladesh mostly use modern methods during their peak reproductive years, after which some of them switch to periodic abstinence. These women tend to be more from educated and from higher socioeconomic backgrounds and with at least one living son. Another set of data from the Matlab DSS was analysed and the results were in the same direction. Focus group discussions found that women were using the periodic abstinence method incorrectly, abstaining for more days than is necessary. For Bangladeshi contraceptive users to reach a higher degree of use-effectiveness for period abstinence, more IEC materials need to be developed. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BANGLADESH | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA ANALYSIS | WOMEN | ABSTINENCE | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS CHOSEN | NEEDS | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Family Planning | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception | Economic Factors | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Socioeconomic Factors Document Number: 311571 |
| 20. Peer Reviewed Title: Knowledge, perceived stigma, and care-seeking experiences for sexually transmitted infections: a qualitative study from the perspective of public clinic attendees in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Author: Malta M; Bastos FI; Strathdee SA; Cunnigham SD; Pilotto JH Source: BMC Public Health. 2007 Feb 1;7:18. Abstract: An estimated 12 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are documented in Brazil per year. Given the scope of this public health challenge and the importance of prompt treatment and follow-up counseling to reduce future STI/HIV-related risk behavior, we sought to qualitatively explore STI clinic experiences among individuals diagnosed with STIs via public clinics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study focused on eliciting the perspective of clinic users with regard to those factors influencing their STI care-seeking decisions and the health education and counseling which they received during their clinic visit. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with heterosexual men and women and men who have sex with men presenting with STIs at two public clinics. Content analysis was conducted by coding transcripts of audio-taped interviews for key domains of interest and comparing and synthesizing code output across participants and sub-groups. Thematic narratives were then developed per each of the study sub-groups. Salient themes that emerged from participant narratives included the importance of low STI-related knowledge and high perceived stigma, both STI-related and other types of social stigma, on STI care-seeking delays. However, there are indications in the data that the level of STI-related knowledge and the amount and types of stigma experienced vary across the study sub-groups suggesting the need for further research on the significance and program relevance of these potential differences. Interview findings also suggest that such barriers to care seeking are not adequately addressed through ongoing health education and counseling efforts at public STI clinics and in turn critical opportunities for STI/HIV prevention are currently being missed. Information, communication and education regarding early recognition and prompt care-seeking for STIs should be developed, with consideration given to the possibility of tailoring messages tailored to specific subgroups. To promote prompt treatment-seeking, interventions must also address both STI-specific and other forms of social stigma which may limit access to care. Efforts to further assess and respond to barriers related to the delivery of quality health education and counseling within the context of public STI clinics are also needed. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | CLIENTS | KNOWLEDGE | STIGMA | PERCEPTION | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | TREATMENT | DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Sociocultural Factors | Social Problems | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Health Document Number: 312011 |
| 21. Title: Basic care and prevention kits in Uganda. Author: Sekabembe L Source: VCT in Focus. 2007 May;2(2):2. Abstract: PSI, with funding from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is implementing an HIV Basic Care and Prevention Package (BCP) program for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in Uganda. An estimated 900,000 people or more die of HIV-related illness each year in Uganda, but a simple, comprehensive intervention can significantly decrease these life-threatening illnesses. The BCP program goal is to reduce morbidity and mortality from opportunistic infections (OIs) and reduce HIV transmission by PLHA. According to a CDC study from April 2006, use of the BCP is over 75% in Uganda, and there is a significant decrease in OIs, diarrheal disease and malaria among the PLHA using the kit. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UGANDA | CRITIQUE | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES | CARE AND SUPPORT | HIV TRANSMISSION | INFECTION PREVENTION | IEC | MALARIA PREVENTION | BED NETS | CONDOMS | WATER QUALITY | Developing Countries | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Infections | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Malaria | Parasitic Diseases | Parasite Control | Public Health | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Water | Natural Resources | Environment Document Number: 323503 |
| 22. Title: A profile of HIV infection / AIDS related knowledge among female students of Kanpur district, India. Author: Singh SK; Saxena A; Krishna G Source: Kathmandu University Medical Journal. 2007 Jan-Mar;5(1):27-31. Abstract: INTRODUCTION: HIV/AIDS, a social disease took pandemic form within a short span of time affecting 40 million people through the globe. Adults of the developing countries are the main victim of the disease contributing to 95% of the total world's HIV infection and 90% death. In the absence of effective cure to this disease, it can be very easily prevented by IEC activities regarding behavioural changes. OBJECTIVES: To assess the level of correct knowledge about HIV/AIDS and the misconceptions associated with it among girl students of Kanpur district. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: This is a baseline cross-sectional, questionnaire based study conducted among female students of technical and non-technical institutions of Kanpur district UP in 2001. RESULTS: Though the causative agent and correct mode of acquiring infection was not known to most of the students yet significant proportion had adequate knowledge about the vulnerable age group that is youth as stated by (72.90%) of the respondents. Knowledge regarding correct modes of transmission of infections (82.78%), high risk groups (82.88%) and common symptoms of disease (80.11%) was satisfactory. DISCUSSION: The finding of the present study was satisfactory and consistent with previous research findings. In paradox to their knowledge, deeply rooted misconception related to transmission of infection also surfaced and was more prevalent in technical than non technical students. These misconceptions need to be corrected to prevent the spread of the infection. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of the study group was quite satisfactory for most of the variables like vulnerable age, modes of transmission, sexual and behavioural practices and common symptoms of the disease. However, misconceptions were also very high and almost equally present in technical and non-technical students. Though, as already stated, the technical students had better knowledge than non-technical ones. Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | STUDENTS | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | HIV INFECTIONS | AIDS | KNOWLEDGE | BEHAVIOR CHANGE | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | IEC | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Research Methodology | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Sociocultural Factors | Behavior | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 329444 |
| 23. Title: The family planning program in peninsular Malaysia. Author: Tey NP Source: In: The global family planning revolution: three decades of population policies and programs, edited by Warren C. Robinson and John A. Ross. Washington, D.C., World Bank, 2007. :257-276. Abstract: This chapter focuses on Peninsular Malaysia, because the National Family Planning Program only began to operate in Sabah and Sarawak in 2003, although a family planning association (FPA) was set up in 1963 in Sarawak and in 1967 in Sabah. The discussion is centered on the early stages of the program, as family planning has been de-emphasized since 1984. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: MALAYSIA | CASE STUDIES | HISTORICAL REVIEW | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | FERTILITY DECLINE | FAMILY PLANNING POLICY | DEVELOPMENT PLANS | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | HEALTH AND WELFARE PLANNING | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | ISLAM | PRONATALIST POLICY | IMPACT | IEC | CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Family Planning | Fertility Changes | Fertility | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Policy | Social Policy | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Planning | Economic Factors | Religion | Communication | Program Activities | Contraceptive Usage | Contraception Document Number: 321991 |
| 24. Title: Developing and testing strategies for increasing awareness of the IUDas a contraceptive option. Author: Vernon R; Khan ME; Birungi H; Askew I; Stones W Source: [Washington, D.C.], Population Council, Frontiers in Reproductive Health, 2007 Dec. 21 p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. HRN-A-00-98-00012-00) Abstract: Much of the programmatic and research experience gained over the past two decades has focused on increasing understanding of supply-side factors that limit the provision and use of the IUD, for example, developing training programs, demonstrating the ability of lower level medical staff to provide the method, and assessing the interaction between IUDs, STIs and, more recently, HIV. There is now sufficient empirical evidence from a range of settings to allow program managers and technical assistance organizations to develop guidelines and plans for strengthening the systems necessary to support country-level introduction or 'rehabilitation'; of the IUD within a program offering a range of contraceptive choices. The objectives were: To conduct a meeting of researchers and program managers from three continents and several international organizations to review reasons for under-utilization of the IUD and recent experiences in increasing awareness about the IUD; To develop proposals for operations research projects to test the most promising interventions to introduce and expand access to IUD services and to implement the projects with national partner organizations; To disseminate results of the successful strategies. (Excerpts] Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | SUMMARY REPORT | POLICYMAKERS | FAMILY PLANNING PERSONNEL | INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES | IUD | WORKSHOPS | CONTRACEPTIVE AVAILABILITY | AWARENESS | MISINFORMATION | IEC | NEEDS | FAMILY PLANNING TRAINING | COST EFFECTIVENESS | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Education | Knowledge | Communication | Program Activities | Programs | Economic Factors | Training Programs | Evaluation Indexes | Quantitative Evaluation | Evaluation Document Number: 331627 |
| 25. Title: Singapore: population policies and programs. Author: Yap Mui Teng Source: In: The global family planning revolution: three decades of population policies and programs, edited by Warren C. Robinson and John A. Ross. Washington, D.C., World Bank, 2007. :201-219. Abstract: Concerns since the mid-1980s have included issues of the growth of the labor force, the vibrancy of the work-force, and the country's ability to sustain economic growth in the face of persistent below-replacement-level fertility and population aging. A larger population is now considered desirable to provide the critical mass for future economic growth. Planners consider the constraint of geographic size to be less critical than in the past, because they believe that the country can comfortably accommodate a much larger population of more than 5 million people, compared with the 3 million thought desirable earlier. Cheung, however, cautions against too rapid population growth to reach the larger population size, citing the momentum generated by pro-natalist population policies and the difficulty of reversing them . Population planning has become a much more complex balancing act between the economy's needs for more and better qualified workers and such social and political considerations as the size of the dependent population and ethnic balance. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: SINGAPORE | CASE STUDIES | HISTORICAL REVIEW | POPULATION POLICY | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | FAMILY PLANNING POLICY | GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS | IEC | ANTINATALIST POLICY | PRONATALIST POLICY | BELOW REPLACEMENT FERTILITY | INCENTIVES | DISINCENTIVES | FERTILITY DECLINE | FUNDS | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Social Policy | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Family Planning | Programs | Organization and Administration | Program Activities | Population Decrease | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Changes | Fertility | Financial Activities | Economic Factors Document Number: 321948 |
| 26. Title: Approval of laws on the prevention and control of HIV / AIDS and gender equality. Source: Vietnam Population News. 2006 Oct-Dec;(41):1-2. Abstract: On 29 June 2006, the National Assembly (NA) of Viet Nam approved the Laws on the Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS. The law comprises six chapters with 50 articles. Chapter I identifies rights and duties of HIV infected persons; responsibilities of ministries, civil societies, individuals and families in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS; Government policies; and acts that are restrictly prohibited. In chapter II, measures for prevention and control of HIV/AIDS include IEC and mobilization of participation of ministries, civil societies, individuals and families. Epidemic surveillance, and counselling and tests are mentioned in Chapter III. Chapter IV consists of articles on treatment, care and support for HIV infected persons. Articles ensuring the implementation of the law. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: VIETNAM | SUMMARY REPORT | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | LAWS AND STATUTES | LEGISLATION | HIV PREVENTION | INEQUALITIES | GENDER ISSUES | AIDS PREVENTION | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | WOMEN'S STATUS | LITERACY | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Persons Living With HIV/AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | AIDS | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Educational Status | Socioeconomic Status | Crime | Social Problems Document Number: 308282 |
| 27. Title: Strengthening young people's participation in RH / HIV response in Thailand. Author: Family Health International [FHI]. YouthNet Source: [Arlington, Virginia], FHI, YouthNet, 2006. [37] p. (USAID Cooperative Agreement No. GPH-A-00-01-00013-00USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse DocID / Order No. PN-ADI-196) Abstract: This report is the result of collaboration between UNFPA and FHI/YouthNet to promote youth participation in national responses to reproductive health and HIV/AIDS issues. Thailand is one of three countries chosen in this pilot project. The project received financial and logistical support from UNICEF Thailand. Nine young people were chosen from the Northern, Northeast, Southern and Central regions of Thailand to join a youth team coordinated by an adult mentor. Between July and November 2005 the team reviewed existing information, interviewed key informants and held focus group discussions to assess youth-oriented RH/HIV programmes and policy in Thailand. Eight priority areas were identified: issues specific to youth and adolescents the family, young people and RH/HIV; young people living with HIV/AIDS; young men who have sex with men; young women who sell sex on a freelance basis; young women and girls; young drug users; young people in dormitories. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: THAILAND | RESEARCH REPORT | PILOT PROJECTS | YOUTH | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | MEN HAVING SEX WITH MEN | SEX WORKERS | IV DRUG USERS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION | IEC | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Drug Use and Abuse | Health | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Communication Programs | Communication | Behavior Change | Program Activities Document Number: 315345 |
| 28. Title: Sexual and reproductive health training manual for young people. Author: German Foundation for World Population [DSW], Youth-to-Youth [Y2Y] Source: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, DSW, 2006. [190] p. Abstract: This manual is prepared as one of the main tools of the German Foundation for World Population (DSW) to address sexual and reproductive health issues among young people aged 10-24 years. According to UNFPA State of World Population 2005, young people under 25 years of age now comprise nearly half of the world population - more than 3 million. 85 percent of youth live in developing countries and nearly 45 percent of all youth (515 million) survive on less than $ 2 a day. Besides its demographic significance, this age group has increasingly become victim of sexual and reproductive health problems, which has endangered the lives of so many young people. Every year, some 14 million adolescent girls give birth. They are two to five times more likely to die from pregnancy related complications than women in their twenties and their babies are also less likely to survive. In the next 10 years 100 million girls are likely to be married before the age of 18. Estimates suggest that one out of every 20 youngpeople worldwide contracts a sexually transmitted disease (STD) each year. By the end of 2001, 11.8 million young people aged 15-24 were living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that leads to the Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | MANUAL | TEACHING MATERIALS | YOUTH | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | PEER EDUCATORS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | SEXUALITY | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | HIV PREVENTION | FAMILY PLANNING EDUCATION | IEC | TRAINING TECHNIQUES | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Education | Health | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Training Activities | Training Programs Document Number: 323001 |
| 29. Title: Uganda IRS project, Kabale district. Final report. Contract GHS-I-01-03-00028-00. Author: RTI International Source: Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, RTI International, 2006 Oct. [38] p. (USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse DocID/Order No. PD-ACI-230USAID Contract No. GHS-I-01-03-00028-00) Abstract: Malaria remains one of the major causes of disease burden and mortality in Uganda. As one of its core interventions to combat this disease, the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP)--within Uganda's Ministry of Health (MOH)--promotes vector control through the use of indoor residual spraying (IRS), especially in areas with unstable transmission of malaria. Funded by the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Research Triangle Institute (RTI International) is providing technical and financial support to the MOH/NMCP to conduct an IRS model program in Kabale district targeting all residential households. It is hoped that IRS activities will be scaled up to other parts of the country in the subsequent periods using lessons learned from this model program. RTI's support focuses on the following components: Purchasing insecticide, spraying equipment, and adequate amounts of personal protective clothing and equipment for spray operators and wash persons; Providing financial support and transportation for trainers and spray teams; Providing financial support for storage facility construction and renovation; Supplying technical advisors to plan the program, train field staff, and supervise field operations; Promoting health education to raise public awareness and to foster cooperation for IRS activities; Establishing and monitoring human health and environmental safety components. This report provides a description of activities conducted under the first round of this program during the fiscal year 2006, in Kabale district and the results that were accomplished. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UGANDA | SUMMARY REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGY | MALARIA | MALARIA PREVENTION | BED NETS | NEEDS ASSESSMENT | HUMAN RESOURCES | TRAINING ACTIVITIES | MONITORING | IEC | INFORMATION | EDUCATION | COMMUNICATION | Developing Countries | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Public Health | Health | Parasitic Diseases | Diseases | Parasite Control | Evaluation | Economic Factors | Training Programs | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration Document Number: 312335 |
| 30. Title: An independent evaluation of the World Bank's support of regional programs. Case study of the West Africa HIV / AIDS Project for the Abidjan-Lagos Transport Corridor. Author: Chakrapani D; Gwin C Source: Washington, D.C., World Bank, 2006. [70] p. Abstract: The West Africa HIV/AIDS Project for the Abidjan-Lagos Corridor targets the major East-West highway that connects the five coastal countries of West Africa-Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria, and Togo-and serves as a transit route for both increasing trade and the spread of HIV/AIDS across national borders. UNAIDS analytical work had showed that HIV/AIDS transmission rates were generally high along transportation routes in Africa and delays for truckers at border crossings prolonged opportunities for risky behavior. The interconnection between these two trans-boundary dynamics of communicable disease and trade was the impetus for the corridor project. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: AFRICA, WESTERN | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | SEX WORKERS | PROGRAM EVALUATION | HIV PREVENTION | HIV TRANSMISSION | PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY | CAMPAIGNS | IEC | PROGRAM ACTIVITIES | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Programs | Organization and Administration | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Communication Programs | Communication Document Number: 319263 |
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