| 1. Peer Reviewed Title: Using Internet-based nominal group technique meetings to identify provider strategies for increasing diaphragm use. Author: Kulczycki A; Shewchuk RM Source: Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care. 2008 Oct;34(4):227-31. Abstract: BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY: The diaphragm, once the most commonly used female contraceptive method, is being re-evaluated for prevention against some sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. However, provider views about this prescription-based method are poorly understood. Using expert panels, this study aimed to identify facilitative strategies to increase diaphragm use. The nominal group technique (NGT) was employed using a novel web-based interface to systematically elicit and prioritise responses to a specific question about what can be done to encourage providers to recommend diaphragm use. Two NGT sessions were convened with 15 geographically dispersed panelists who had extensive knowledge and experience with the diaphragm. Participants were identified using purposeful and snowball sampling. RESULTS: Panel 1 identified 22 strategies for encouraging providers to recommend diaphragm use, with seven perceived as relatively more important (67% of the total available votes). Panel 2 identified 31 strategies, nine of which accounted for 77% of the votes. Both sessions highlighted that to make the diaphragm a more plausible option, educational materials and tools are needed to better inform providers and patients about the method and its specific advantages. CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced, Internet-based NGT offers the family planning and reproductive health care field a powerful and inexpensive tool for systematically collecting and analysing expert opinion. Results are being used to develop a questionnaire to further examine strategies that may help promote diaphragm use and to refine ideas for intervention design. This will facilitate method reintroduction, if the diaphragm is proven effective against STIs/HIV, especially when used with a microbicide. Language: English Keywords: METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | RESEARCH REPORT | EXPERIMENTAL MODELS | PANEL DISCUSSION | PHYSICIANS | INTERNET | VAGINAL DIAPHRAGM | GROUP MEETING | GROUP PROCESSES | DISTANCE EDUCATION | BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION | COMMUNICATION STRATEGY | COST EFFECTIVENESS | Research Methodology | Communication | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Information Networks | Vaginal Barrier Methods | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Social Behavior | Behavior | Education | Communication Programs | Behavior Change | Evaluation Indexes | Quantitative Evaluation | Evaluation Document Number: 329486 |
2.  Title: Guiding peer education the Kenyan way. Author: Russell H Source: Exchange on HIV / AIDS, Sexuality and Gender. 2008;(4):5-7. Abstract: Adolescents are greatly influenced by what their peers say and do. This is particularly true when the adults in their lives are uncomfortable discussing with them sensitive topics such as sex. This leaves their peers as the only source of information and authority. Peer education is thus a vital component of programmes that seek to motivate adolescents to reduce risky sexual behaviours and provide crucial facts on HIV and AIDS. Kenya Girl Guides Association (KGGA) has been collaborating with Family Health International (FHI) on peer education and behaviour change programmes for adolescents since 1999. Recently, KGGA began a new programme with unique features, with technical support from FHI and under the auspices of the USAID-funded AIDS, Population, and Health Integrated Assistance Programme (APHIA II). The innovation is that 32 Girl Guides, whose average age is 13, helped to develop an interactive life skills curriculum and a peer education handbook. The first of these complementary pieces is used for adult-led training for guiding units; the second is for peer education delivered in schools by Girl Guides for classmates ages 10-14. The handbook is now being used in classes 4 through 7 in at least 750 schools in the Coast and Rift Valley provinces of Kenya and the number will soon increase to more than 900. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: KENYA | EVALUATION REPORT | CHILD, FEMALE | PEER EDUCATORS | BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION | TEACHING MATERIALS | WRITING | WORKSHOPS | GROUP PROCESSES | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | GROUP MEETING | TRAINING OF TRAINERS | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Evaluation | Child | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Communication Programs | Communication | Behavior Change | Behavior | Literacy | Educational Status | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Social Behavior | Women's Status | Training Programs Document Number: 323160 |
| 3. Title: The Farmer Life School: experience from an innovative approach to HIV education among farmers in South Africa. Author: Swaans K; Broerse JE; Salomon M; Mudhara M; Mweli M; Bunders JF Source: SAHARA J. 2008 Jul;5(2):52-64. Abstract: The Farmer Life School (FLS) is an innovative approach to integrating HIV education into life skills and technical training for farmers. This study aims to gain insight into the strengths and weaknesses of this relatively new approach, through the implementation of an adapted version in South Africa. The results are presented of a pilot with three groups of community gardeners, predominantly women, attending weekly sessions. Impact was assessed in terms of three key elements: participation, learning, and empowerment. Data were collected through extensive session reports, follow-up interviews, and reflection exercises with facilitators and participating groups and individuals. The results suggest that a group-based discovery learning approach such as the FLS has great potential to improve food security and wellbeing, while allowing participants to explore issues around HIV/AIDS. However, the analysis also shows that HIV/AIDS-related illness and death, and the factors that drive the epidemic and its impact, undermine farmers' ability to participate, the safety and trust required for learning, and the empowerment process. Participatory approaches such as the FLS require a thorough understanding of and adaptation to the context. Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | PILOT PROJECTS | AGRICULTURAL WORKERS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | HIV PREVENTION | HEALTH EDUCATION | SEX EDUCATION | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT | GROUP PROCESSES | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Labor Force | Human Resources | Economic Factors | Economic Development | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Education | Programs | Organization and Administration | Rural Development | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 329229 |
4.  Peer Reviewed Title: Adapting a generic tuberculosis control operational guideline and scaling it up in China: a qualitative case study. Author: Wei X; Walley JD; Liang X; Liu F; Zhang X; Li R Source: BMC Public Health. 2008;8:260. Abstract: BACKGROUND: The TB operational guideline (the deskguide) is a detailed action guide for county TB doctors aiming to improve the quality of DOTS, while the China national TB policy guide is a guide to TB control that is comprehensive but lacks operational usability for frontline TB doctors. This study reports the process of deskguide adaptation, its scale-up and lessons learnt for policy implications. METHODS: The deskguide was translated, reviewed, and revised in a working group process. Details of the eight adaptation steps are reported here. An operational study was embedded in the adaptation process. Two comparable prefectures were chosen as pilot and control sites in each of two participating provinces. In the pilot sites, the deskguide was used with the national policy guide in routine in-service training and supervisory trips; while in the control sites, only the national policy guide was used. In-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with 16 county TB doctors, 16 township doctors, 17 village doctors, 63 TB patients and 57 patient family members. Following piloting, the deskguide was incorporated into the national TB guidelines for county TB dispensary use. RESULTS: Qualitative research identified that the deskguide was useful in the daily practice of county TB doctors. Patients in the pilot sites had a better knowledge of TB and better treatment support compared with those in the control sites. CONCLUSION: The adaptation process highlighted a number of general strategies to adapt generic guidelines into country specific ones: 1) local policy-makers and practitioners should have a leading role; 2) a systematic working process should be employed with capable focal persons; and 3) the guideline should be embedded within the current programmes so it is sustainable and replicable for further scale-up. Language: English Keywords: CHINA | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | MANUAL | CASE CONTROL STUDIES | CASE STUDIES | QUALITATIVE EVALUATION | OPERATIONS RESEARCH | PILOT PROJECTS | FOCUS GROUPS | PHYSICIANS | TUBERCULOSIS | COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL | DIRECTLY OBSERVED THERAPY SHORT-COURSE (DOTS) | GROUP PROCESSES | TRAINING PROGRAMS | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Evaluation | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Data Collection | Health Personnel | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Infections | Diseases | Health Services | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Social Behavior | Behavior | Education Document Number: 328461 |
| 5. Title: The process of evaluating a capacity-building support initiative for HIV positive South Africans. Author: Dageid W; Duckert F Source: Evaluation and Program Planning. 2007 Nov;30(4):381-391. Abstract: This paper describes the process of evaluating a capacity-building initiative involving HIV positive South Africans. The evaluation was conducted within a participatory evaluation framework, which aims at empowering participants through social action. The rationale is that an understanding and acceptance of evaluation results promotes commitment to act. Forty four members of the Kudu Support Group and 23 non-members participated in the evaluation. Methods included in-depth interviews, a survey, repeated measures of the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), a SWOT analysis, interviews with health workers, field notes, and participatory observation. The capacity-building initiative resulted in empowerment through paid employment for support group members, the establishment of a vegetable garden, increased skills and efficacy, access to resources and networks, a perceived reduction of stigma, perceived improvement of social relations, and improved scores on the GHQ-28. Lessons that emerge out of this study are the importance of integrating evaluation as a part of ongoing activities throughout the research project; to ensure that methods and results are understandable and useful to for the participants; that the evaluator has an in-depth understanding of the project and context; and to introduce frequent and simple internal evaluation tools to guide efforts to improve community-based groups' functioning and activities. (author's) Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | OPERATIONS RESEARCH | ACTION RESEARCH | KAP SURVEYS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | SUPPORT GROUPS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | CAPACITY BUILDING | SOCIAL MOBILIZATION | HIV INFECTIONS | EMPLOYMENT | GROUP PROCESSES | PARTICIPATION | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Research Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Social Networks | Friends and Relatives | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Program Sustainability | Social Change | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 325194 |
| 6. Title: Sexuality, young people and rights in South and South East Asia. Author: Das A Source: Exchange on HIV / AIDS, Sexuality and Gender. 2007;(3):10-12. Abstract: The South and Southeast Asia Resource Centre on Sexuality, hosted by TARSHI, aims to increase knowledge on sexuality, sexual health and sexual well-being in this region. In an attempt to create a platform for people to voice divergent views and challenge existing ones, the resource centre has been hosting a series of electronic discussion forums, which offer bi-monthly, structured and moderated discussions on a variety of topics. One of these was the E-Discussion Forum on 'Sexuality, Young People and Rights', which was held between April 3 and June 6, 2006. The E-discussion was an effort in creating a space to engage in and explore issues of young people. Topics discussed were: 1) the definitions that various people, laws and policies accord to the term 'young people', 2) the range of information and services on sexuality available and accessible to young people, 3) what constitutes 'sexual rights' for young people and 4) current practices, strategies and interventions targeting young people's sexuality issues. (author's) Language: English Keywords: ASIA, SOUTHERN | ASIA, SOUTHEASTERN | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | ADOLESCENTS | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | SEXUALITY | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | INTERNET | HEALTH POLICY | SOCIAL POLICY | HUMAN RIGHTS | GROUP PROCESSES | Developing Countries | Asia | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Information Networks | Communication | Policy | Social Behavior Document Number: 323943 |
| 7. Title: Keep the best, change the rest. Participatory tools for working with communities on gender and sexuality. Author: Greig A Source: [Brighton, United Kingdom], International HIV / AIDS Alliance, 2007 Jun. 95 p. Abstract: This toolkit aims to support community groups to work in a practical and thorough way on improving understanding and relationships between women and men. Through this, it aims to promote sexual wellbeing, strengthen communities and help them to prevent HIV. This toolkit is aimed at individuals and organisations that support communities to address HIV and AIDS and related issues. Examples include training organisations, 'intermediary' NGOs, NGO support programmes and organisations implementing interventions in communities. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | MANUAL | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | GROUPS | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | COMMUNITY | GENDER ISSUES | SEXUALITY | BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION | VIOLENCE | TRANSACTIONAL SEX | GROUP PROCESSES | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Population | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Behavior Change | Communication Programs | Communication | Sex Behavior | Social Behavior Document Number: 323682 |
| 8. Title: Postpartum Family Planning Technical Consultation: Meeting report, Washington, D.C., 14 November 2006. Synthesizing lessons learned and building consensus on effective approaches for postpartum family planning. Author: McKaig C; Chase R Source: Baltimore, Maryland, JHPIEGO, 2007. 48 p. Abstract: Postpartum family planning (PPFP) as part of a comprehensive maternal, newborn and child health approach has the potential to systematically reach a large number of women with critical, life-saving information and services. In an effort to better understand and thus maximize the opportunity for PPFP that exists during the extended postpartum period, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and ACCESS-FP organized a technical consultation on PPFP on 14 November 2006, in Washington, D.C. The overall purpose of the meeting was to examine the status of PPFP service delivery through an expert review of key literature, complemented by collective programmatic experience to date, as the basis for further program development. Over 40 experts and leaders in reproductive health and maternal, neonatal and child health from more than 23 global health organizations and programs were brought together to participate in this intensive, all-day event. Throughout the course of the technical consultation, several areas of general consensus became apparent. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | POSTPARTUM WOMEN | POSTPARTUM PROGRAMS | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | GROUP PROCESSES | BIRTH SPACING | USAID | MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | PROGRAM DESIGN | Puerperium | Reproduction | Family Planning | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Behavior | Behavior | Government Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 313588 |
| 9. Title: HIV / AIDS counseling: analysis based on Paulo Freire. Author: Miranda KC; Barroso MG Source: Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem. 2007 Jan-Feb;15(1):100-105. Abstract: The study aimed to investigate the strategies health professionals use in HIV/AIDS counseling. This study is a qualitative research, based on Paulo Freire's theory and practice. Bardin's content analysis was used as the analysis technique. For the studied group, the counseling is focused on cognition, although new concepts permeating this subject are emerging. The main difficulties in counseling are related to the clients and the institution. The main facility is related to the team, which according to the group has a good relationship. Counseling represents a moment of distress, especially because it brings up existential questions to the counselor. It can be inferred that counseling is a special moment, but it does not constitute an educational moment yet. To obtain this goal, a counseling methodology is proposed, based on Paulo Freire´s principles and concepts. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | THEORETICAL MODELS | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | COUNSELORS | HIV INFECTIONS | COUNSELING | GROUP PROCESSES | HIV TESTING | HEALTH EDUCATION | Developing Countries | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Research Methodology | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Behavior | Behavior | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Education Document Number: 316392 |
| 10. Title: Applied interest-group analysis in reproductive health policy [letter] Author: O'Brien B; Janeja M; Gopalakrishnan A Source: Lancet. 2007 Feb 3;369(9559):368. Abstract: We fully agree with the Viewpoint by Kent Buse and colleagues about the need for agencies working in sexual and reproductive health policy to engage in applied political analysis as part of their core activities. We would like to draw your attention to the work of the United Nation Population Fund (UNFPA). UNFPA's country office in Guatemala used a form of interest-group analysis to plan and facilitate the adoption of that country's first social development and population law in 2001. UNFPA's Strategic Planning Office, with six country offices, has introduced interest-group analysis to scan the environment and engage with key players who influence the implementation of goals agreed at the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in 1994. The approach has been applied to issues including early marriage and gender-based violence. In short, UNFPA, as the agency primarily responsible for sexual and reproductive health policy, is doing what Buse and colleagues recommend. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GUATEMALA | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION RESEARCH | INTEREST GROUPS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | HEALTH POLICY | UNFPA | GROUP PROCESSES | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT | LEGISLATION | Central America | Latin America | Americas | Evaluation Methodology | Evaluation | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health | Policy | UN | International Agencies | Organizations | Social Behavior | Behavior | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Economic Factors Document Number: 312121 |
| 11. Title: "Gender is society": Inclusive lawmaking in Rwanda's Parliament. Author: Powley E; Pearson E Source: Critical Half. 2007 Winter;5(1):15-19. Abstract: In August 2006, eight members of the Rwandan Parliament introduced a wide-ranging bill to combat gender-based violence (GBV). Because Rwanda leads the world in women's political representation-48.8 percent of its lower house of Parliament is female-it is perhaps unsurprising that criminalizing GBV is a legislative priority. What is remarkable, however, is the extent to which women and men worked together on this issue; the bill, known as "Draft Law on the Prevention, Protection, and Punishment of Any Gender-Based Violence," was co-sponsored by four women and four men. While the legacy of the 1994 genocide permeates all aspects of life in Rwanda, including contemporary politics and gender relations, this article does not attempt to comprehensively address the relationship between the genocide or its attendant trauma and current gender relations. Instead, it explores one case of postconflict policymaking and posits that it is emblematic of the state of gender relations in Rwanda today. Based on field research during the summer of 2006, this article examines the ways in which women parliamentarians engaged male colleagues in the fight against GBV. Motivated by principle and strategic concerns, Rwandan women parliamentarians created a cooperative, rather than adversarial, legislative campaign. The development and drafting of the GBV bill, which passed through to committee without objection but awaits a final vote in Parliament, provides a successful model for engaging men in traditionally women's issues. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: RWANDA | CRITIQUE | EVALUATION | POLICYMAKERS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | GENDER RELATIONS | LEGISLATION | VIOLENCE | GENOCIDE | WAR | LANGUAGE | GROUP PROCESSES | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | Africa, Central | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Gender Issues | Sociocultural Factors | Political Factors | Behavior | Crime | Social Problems | Communication | Social Behavior | Diseases Document Number: 316415 |
| 12. Title: Young men and HIV prevention: a toolkit for action. Author: Ricardo C; Barker G; Nascimento M; Segundo M; Banks B Source: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, PROMUNDO, 2007. [147] p. http://www.promundo.org.br/materiais%20de%20apoio/Toolkit-ENG_tools.pdf (Tools, English) http://www.promundo.org.br/materiais%20de%20apoio/Toolkit-PORT.pdf (Main text, Portuguese) http://www.promundo.org.br/materiais%20de%20apoio/Toolkit-PORT_ferramentas.pdf (Tools, Portuguese) http://www.promundo.org.br/materiais%20de%20apoio/Toolkit-ESP.pdf (Main text, Spanish) http://www.promundo.org.br/materiais%20de%20apoio/Toolkit-ESP_herramientas.pdf (Tools, Spanish) Abstract: The toolkit presents conceptual and practical information on how to design, implement and evaluate HIV prevention activities which incorporate a gender perspective and engage young men and relevant stakeholders. Specific topics include how to: carry out a needs assessment to understand the influences on young men's attitudes and behaviours and possible entry-points for engaging them in HIV prevention; facilitate group educational activities to promote critical reflections about gender norms and skill-building related to HIV prevention; design and implement campaigns to create a favourable environment for young men to assume more gender-equitable behaviours; organize health services to be more attractive to young men and more sensitive and responsive to their needs; carry out advocacy to influence support and decision-making on work with young men; monitor and evaluate activities to assess and improve impact. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | ADOLESCENTS, MALE | HIV PREVENTION | PROGRAM DESIGN | GENDER RELATIONS | PROGRAM EVALUATION | NEEDS ASSESSMENT | GROUP PROCESSES | CAMPAIGNS | ADVOCACY | MONITORING | HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Programs | Organization and Administration | Gender Issues | Sociocultural Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior | Communication Programs | Communication | Management Document Number: 325682 |
| 13. Peer Reviewed Title: Promoting institutional change: CIDA's framework for assessing gender equality results. Author: Bazinet L; Sequeira T; Delahanty J Source: Development. 2006 Mar;49(1):104-107. Abstract: There is much debate within the international development community on the effectiveness of mainstreaming as a strategy for promoting gender equality. Although much has been learned about what is required for mainstreaming to be effective, our understanding of how to achieve it, explain it and measure it is still evolving. Gender mainstreaming, therefore, remains an unfinished project. The framework described has been designed to help enable CIDA to achieve development results for gender equality. The use of this framework allows us to measure to what extent current mainstreaming efforts at CIDA are leading to real results on gender equality. We hope it will be of use to partners seeking to make change happen within their own institutions. (author's) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CRITIQUE | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | ORGANIZATIONS | GENDER ISSUES | INEQUALITIES | PROGRAM EVALUATION | SOCIAL POLICY | GROUP PROCESSES | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Policy | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 319980 |
| 14. Title: The IUD: a contraceptive option for postpartum and postabortion women. Author: Blanchard H; McKaig C Source: [Unpublished] [2006]. 3 p. Abstract: This brief outlines the advantages of providing IUD services to postpartum women and to women who have just had an abortion. It also gives an overview of programmatic considerations for providing high-quality postpartum IUD services, including special counseling and insertion training for IUD providers. Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | POSTPARTUM WOMEN | POSTPARTUM PROGRAMS | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | GROUP PROCESSES | BIRTH SPACING | USAID | MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES | INTEGRATED PROGRAMS | PROGRAM DESIGN | HIV/FP INTEGRATION Document Number: 331790 |
| 15. Title: The society of family planning [editorial] Author: Darney PD; Shields WC Source: Contraception. 2006 Jun;73(6):557-558. Abstract: On Contraception’s cover now stands the Society of Family Planning (SFP) as one of the two organizations [the other one being the Association of Reproductive Health Professionals (ARHP)] using the venerable “Orange Journal” as “official publication.” Does Contraception, after 30 years of chronicling research in family planning require another sponsoring organization, and do we, family planners, need one after an equally long and productive association with ARHP? This month, the first president of the SFP and the president and chief operating officer of ARHP write this editorial to define the mission of SFP and to show how these organizations are complementary and how, together, they can accomplish for reproductive health what others currently do not. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | CRITIQUE | FAMILY PLANNING | ORGANIZATIONS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | GROUP PROCESSES | CORPORATE SPONSORSHIP | FUNDS | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health | Social Behavior | Behavior | Financial Activities | Economic Factors Document Number: 300889 |
| 16. Title: Health promotion groups for improving autonomy, living conditions and health. Author: dos Santos LD; Da Ros MA; Crepaldi MA; Ramos LR Source: Revista de Saude Publica / Journal of Public Health. 2006 Apr;40(2):346-352. Abstract: This article presents the methodology of Health Promotion Groups, which were conceived as a means of contributing towards developing autonomy, improving living conditions and promoting health. The method is identified as a collective and interdisciplinary health intervention, consisting of a group process. It guides the development of attitudes and behavioral patterns towards continually transforming participants' health levels and living conditions. The Health Promotion Groups are identified within the context of the Sistema Único de Saúde (National Health System) as a means of surpassing the biomedical model. It stimulates the development of actions in which the positive aspects of health are emphasized, while at the same time it can serve to more effectively meet the demands for care for the elderly in health systems. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BRAZIL | MANUAL | INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES | OLDER ADULTS | LIVING ARRANGEMENTS | PROMOTION | SUPPORT GROUPS | GROUP PROCESSES | HEALTH SERVICES | HEALTH EDUCATION | PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS | DISEASE PREVENTION | RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR | TREATMENT | DISEASE TRANSMISSION CONTROL | Developing Countries | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Adults | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Marketing | Economic Factors | Social Networks | Friends and Relatives | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Education | Prevention and Control | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine Document Number: 316651 |
| 17. Peer Reviewed Title: Inter movement dialogues: Breaking barriers, building bridges. Author: Gandhi N; Shah N Source: Development. 2006 Mar;49(1):72-76. Abstract: Most social movements accept that their members have multiple identities and therefore diverse issues. So the women's movements accept labour issues, the trade unions acknowledge gay rights, anti race activists take up gender issues. But movements are inherently based on single identity groups and have not been able to create a political culture and practice for this crucial paradigm shift. The Inter Movement Dialogues facilitates this process of discussion with each other. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | CRITIQUE | WOMEN'S GROUPS | GROUPS | ADVOCACY | POLITICAL FACTORS | GROUP PROCESSES | Interest Groups | Sociocultural Factors | Organizations | Communication | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 319973 |
| 18. Peer Reviewed Title: Faith, feminism and the power of love. Author: Gokal S Source: Development. 2006 Mar;49(1):81-83. Abstract: Shareen Gokal reports on one session at the AWID Forum on faith and feminism. Along with 250 other women she asks whether being a feminist or having feminist values was not in contradiction with faith, or practice of one's faith. She asks whether the challenge and contradiction is in how religion has been taken up by the powers to be and been masculinized throughout history. She pinpoints the strong tension around whether it is possible or necessary to reconcile organized religion and feminism. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | CRITIQUE | WOMEN | FEMINISM | RELIGION | WOMEN'S RIGHTS | SOCIAL CHANGE | GROUP PROCESSES | Demographic Factors | Population | Sociocultural Factors | Human Rights | Political Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 319975 |
| 19. Peer Reviewed Title: Gender and generation: Spaces for change? Author: Leigh E Source: Development. 2006 Mar;49(1):86-88. Abstract: Erin Leigh shares her reflections on the generational interchange at the AWID Forum. For her, the AWID Forum created an exciting space for young women to be heard, seen, and listened to as an integral part of the proceedings. Her reflections are based on the conversations and dialogues she had together with other young women. While not claiming to be representative of young women as a whole, she tries to capture some feelings and signs of a strengthening presence of young women at the AWID Forum, and more broadly in international feminist movements. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | WOMEN'S GROUPS | YOUTH | GENERATIONS | GENDER ISSUES | AGE FACTORS | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | GROUP PROCESSES | POWER | FEMINISM | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Behavior | Social Behavior Document Number: 319976 |
| 20. Peer Reviewed Title: Leadership and renewal: Cite, site and sight in women's movements. Author: Muthien B Source: Development. 2006 Mar;49(1):99-101. Abstract: Bernedette Muthien calls for an examination of leadership and renewal in the women's movement/s, arguing that the capacity of the women's movement to aspire and inspire is increasingly being lost. She warns that the women's movement is strong on the outside but weak on the inside, particularly for those who aspire to be involved and/or have only just entered the movement. (author's) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | CRITIQUE | WOMEN'S GROUPS | INFLUENTIALS | LEADERSHIP | GROUP PROCESSES | VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN | RELIGIOUS ASPECTS | ADVOCACY | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Knowledge Sources | Communication | Organization and Administration | Social Behavior | Behavior | Domestic Violence | Crime | Social Problems | Religion Document Number: 319979 |
| 21. Peer Reviewed Title: My sister is not too heavy: Building strong movements in Kenya. Author: Ngugi N Source: Development. 2006 Mar;49(1):124-126. Abstract: This song to me captures the essence of what feminist organizing in the form of a women's movement is all about. Or at least what it should be about. It defines the values of sisterhood, which lead to a more empathetic approach and that recognizes the power of the collective. This was also the title of our video presentation at the AWID 2005 Forum,' My Sister Is Not Too Heavy: Building strong movements'. A video in which a number of women activists from Kenya, engage in a conversation about what values and strategies are required to build a strong women's movement. Our question was how does change happen in order to result in a strong movement? (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: KENYA | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | WOMEN'S GROUPS | GENERATIONS | FILM AND VIDEO | GROUP PROCESSES | ADVOCACY | FEMINISM | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | Developing Countries | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Interest Groups | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Mass Media | Communication | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 319983 |
| 22. Title: [Public policies assessment: a methodological proposal for the study in the field of Aids prevention] Analise das politicas publicas: uma proposta metodologica para o estudo no campo da prevencao em Aids. Author: Sampaio J; Araujo Junior JL Source: Revista Brasileira de Saude Materno Infantil. 2006 Jul-Sep;6(3):335-346. Abstract: Public policies are the response of public power to social issues. They are very relevant strategies to face AIDS and the development of prevention measures concerning HIV infection, for they institutionalize systematic actions in the public health sector with this purpose. They are structured in a network of directives that establish the routes to be followed by public officials. Within this context, different actors are part of the game, with different interests and social and political bargaining powers, world concepts negotiation, actions strategies within the field of social rights and duties. It's a struggle of knowledge and interests in the political ground permeated by social, cultural and economic aspects. Therefore, this paper engages in a concept discussion of the theme, developing a theoretical concept of policies assessment from the viewpoint of a methodological study comprising the following: actors, content, context and process, process circumscribing specific agenda designing processes, policy formulation and implementation. This theoretical scenario is developed focusing on the theme of AIDS prevention, the context being the Brazilian environment from which some of the constraints of policies proposals are listed and linked to specialists 'considerations pursuing a reorientation of public interventions concerning AIDS prevention. (author's) Language: Portuguese Keywords: BRAZIL | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | THEORETICAL MODELS | POLICYMAKERS | POLICY | POLICY DEVELOPMENT | HEALTH POLICY | HIV PREVENTION | PUBLIC HEALTH | POLITICAL FACTORS | CULTURE | ECONOMIC FACTORS | GROUP PROCESSES | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Administrative Personnel | Organization and Administration | Sociocultural Factors | Planning | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Health | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 314406 |
| 23. Title: A group work programme to support and empower non-professional caregivers of people living with AIDS. Author: Strydom C; Wessels CC Source: Health SA Gesondheid. 2006 Dec;11(4):3-21. Abstract: According to a literature study and a research survey conducted in 2004, caregivers are increasingly forced to deal with people living with AIDS as health services are unable to cope with the fast-growing HIV/AIDS epidemic. Caring for an individual with AIDS-related disease is usually time-consuming, burdensome and stressful. There is also evidence of increased susceptibility to physical health problems, emotional distress and psychiatric disturbances amongst caregivers. There are a number of strategies that should be employed to ensure that caregivers are encouraged to do their work to the best of their ability, without them having to sacrifice their health, family life and own needs. One of the strategies that could help in this regard is the presentation of a group work programme. A programme was presented to 14 female caregivers from a church in a disadvantaged community. The group met for eight consecutive weeks. During the two-hour sessions various topics, including self-knowledge, self-esteem, communication, conflict handling, roles of caregivers, and relationships with the person living with AIDS, were discussed. The group members were subjected to measurement by means of the single system. According to this measurement and an evaluation questionnaire, the programme did succeed in supporting and empowering them as caregivers. (author's) Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | EVALUATION REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATION | STRESS | AIDS | GROUP PROCESSES | GROUP MEETING | SELF ESTEEM | INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION | CLIENT-STAFF RELATIONS | STAFF ATTITUDE | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Evaluation | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Delivery of Health Care | Health | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Social Behavior | Communication | Interpersonal Relations | Attitudes Document Number: 318380 |
| 24. Peer Reviewed Title: Patriarchy in secular and religious varieties. Author: Wee V Source: Development. 2006 Mar;49(1):89-91. Abstract: Vivienne Wee argues that patriarchy is alive and well in secular as well as religious hierarchies. She suggests instead of talking about religious fundamentalisms we need to talk about equality versus hierarchy. There are many mistaken assumptions around the issues of secularism and fundamentalism. Secularism does not automatically mean modernity, individualism and equal rights. Similarly, religion does not automatically mean traditional values, communitarianism and hierarchy. Nor can we assume that a secular state automatically guarantees gender equality. Patriarchies exist in secular and religious varieties. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | CRITIQUE | WOMEN | GENDER RELATIONS | PATRIARCHY | RELIGIOUS ASPECTS | INEQUALITIES | GROUP PROCESSES | Demographic Factors | Population | Gender Issues | Sociocultural Factors | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Religion | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior Document Number: 319977 |
| 25. Peer Reviewed Title: The focus group method: insights from focus group interviews on sexual health with adolescents. Author: Hyde A; Howlett E; Brady D; Drennan J Source: Social Science and Medicine. 2005;61:2588-2599. Abstract: This article concerns the manner in which group interaction during focus groups impacted upon the data generated in a study of adolescent sexual health. Twenty-nine group interviews were conducted with secondary school pupils in Ireland, and data were subjected to a qualitative analysis. In exploring the relationship between method and theory generation, we begin by focusing on the ethnographic potential within group interviews. We propose that at times during the interviews, episodes of acting-out, or presenting a particular image in the presence of others, can be highly revealing in attempting to understand the normative rules embedded in the culture from which participants are drawn. However, we highlight a specific problem with distinguishing which parts of the group interview are a valid representation of group processes and which parts accurately reflect individuals' retrospective experiences of reality. We also note that at various points in the interview, focus groups have the potential to reveal participants' vulnerabilities. In addition, group members themselves can challenge one another on how aspects of their sub-culture are represented within the focus group, in a way that is normally beyond reach within individual interviews. The formation and composition of focus groups, particularly through the clustering of like-minded individuals, can affect the dominant views being expressed within specific groups. While focus groups have been noted to have an educational and transformative potential, we caution that they may also be a source of inaccurate information, placing participants at risk. Finally, the opportunities that focus groups offer in enabling researchers to cross-check the trustworthiness of data using a post-interview questionnaire are considered. We conclude by arguing that although far from flawless, focus groups are a valuable method for gathering data about health issues. (author's) Language: English Keywords: IRELAND | METHODOLOGICAL STUDIES | FOCUS GROUPS | INTERVIEWS | DATA COLLECTION | ADOLESCENTS | ADOLESCENT HEALTH | SEXUALITY | CULTURAL BACKGROUND | GROUP PROCESSES | Europe, Western | Europe | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Health | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Social Behavior Document Number: 295302 |
| 26. Title: Tuko Pamoja. A guide for talking with young people about their reproductive health. Author: Martin S; Madiang' O; Muthuuri E; Trangsrud R; Kaplan J Source: Nairobi, Kenya, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health [PATH], 2005 Nov. 37 p. Abstract: Adolescence is the time of transition between childhood and adulthood. During this time, young people experience many physical, emotional and social changes. Physical changes, such as menstruation in girls or development of facial hair in boys, can be confusing and worrisome for adolescents. During adolescence, young people develop new interests and attempt to establish their independence from adults. Peer pressure increases and can become particularly difficult for young people to resist. Providing young people with support by talking with and listening to them as well as ensuring they have access to accurate information can help them understand the wide range of changes they are experiencing, and make this transition period easier. Unfortunately, many adolescents do not have access to the reproductive health information they need to make informed choices about their health and their futures. They may be embarrassed asking parents or other adults questions about sexual and reproductive health. Although parents, teachers, religious and community leaders, and health care providers are expected to educate adolescents about personal and physical development, relationships and their roles in society, it may be difficult for them to do so in a comfortable and unbiased way. For these reasons, it is important to meet adolescents' need for information and services. This can help them resist peer pressure to become sexually active and protect themselves against unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, if they decide to have sex. Young people have both the need and the right to access this type of information and services. Adolescent reproductive health education provides adolescents with information about reproductive physiology and puberty; protective behaviour, including abstinence and contraceptives; and the responsibilities and consequences that come with sexual activity. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: KENYA | MANUAL | YOUTH | ADOLESCENTS | CURRICULUM | GROUP PROCESSES | ABSTINENCE | DRUG USE AND ABUSE | ABORTION | SAFETY | GENDER ISSUES | SEX BEHAVIOR | RISK BEHAVIOR | PUBERTY | INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS | SELF ESTEEM | DECISION MAKING | SEXUAL EXPLOITATION | VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | HIV PREVENTION | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Social Behavior | Behavior | Family Planning, Behavioral Methods | Family Planning | Fertility Control, Postconception | Public Health | Health | Sociocultural Factors | Reproduction | Psychological Factors | HIV Testing | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases Document Number: 315810 Notification |
| 27. Title: International Workshop on Food Aid: Contributions and Risks to Sustainable Food Security -- Berlin Statement. Source: Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 2004;25(1):89-92. Abstract: For decades, food aid has been a contentious instrument for addressing hunger and food insecurity. The workshop carefully considered the pros and cons of food aid on the basis of past and current evidence, including practitioners' experiences. In particular, the workshop re-visited food aid in view of the perspectives of the ongoing WTO trade negotiations, the experience gained with the Food Aid Convention, the initiatives related to the human right to adequate food resulting from the World Food Summit, and the challenges of health crises, i.e. HIV/AIDS. The "Statement" results from an open and participatory process of working groups, and from more comprehensive plenary presentations by main actors in food aid (recipient governments, bilateral and multilateral donors, international agencies, NGOs). While reflecting a fair amount of consensus, the individual workshop participants and delegates cannot be held responsible for the "Statement". It is meant to serve stimulation of further discussion for innovation and improvement of key aspects of food aid for sustainable food security. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | RECOMMENDATIONS | EVALUATION | INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES | TARGET POPULATION | POLICYMAKERS | FOREIGN AID | WORKSHOPS | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | FOOD SUPPLY | MALNUTRITION | GROUP PROCESSES | PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY | NUTRITION PROGRAMS | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Program Design | Programs | Organization and Administration | Administrative Personnel | Financial Activities | Economic Factors | Education | Natural Resources | Environment | Nutrition Disorders | Diseases | Social Behavior | Behavior | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 311831 |
| 28. Title: Postabortion grief: evaluating the possible efficacy of a spiritual group intervention. Author: Layer SD; Roberts C; Wild K; Walters J Source: Research on Social Work Practice. 2004 Sep;14(5):344-350. Abstract: Objective: Although not every woman is negatively affected by an abortion, researchers have identified a subgroup of women susceptible to grief and trauma. The primary providers for postabortion grief (PAG) groups are community faith-based agencies. Principle features of PAG are shame and post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Method: This study measured the efficacy of a spiritually based grief group intervention for women grieving an abortion. Thirty-five women completed the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Internalized Shame Scale (ISS) pre- and postintervention along with posttest open-ended questions. Results: Postintervention measures indicated significant decrease in shame (p < .000) and PTSD symptoms (p < .002). More than 80% reported their religious beliefs and the spiritual intervention played a strong to very strong role in the group. Conclusion: Social workers need to screen for PAG with a postabortive woman and when appropriate refer her to agencies offering such groups. (author's) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | FLORIDA | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | WOMEN | ABORTION | POSTABORTION CARE | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | STRESS | RELIGION | INTERVENTIONS | GROUP PROCESSES | PROGRAM EVALUATION | North America | Americas | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Behavior | Programs | Organization and Administration | Social Behavior Document Number: 283287 Notification |
| 29. Title: Know yourself. New feelings, new passions. Facilitator's guide for video. Author: Bangladesh Center for Communication Programs Source: Dhaka, Bangladesh, Bangladesh Center for Communication Programs, 2003. [84] p. Abstract: This guide will help you facilitate a two- to four-hour group discussion, or a one- to two-day workshop using the second package of the "Know Yourself" series, "New Feelings, New Passions." The group discussion or workshop will address the physical and emotional changes that young people undergo in adolescence as they grow from being children into being young adults. Other materials to use in a workshop are the "Know Yourself" booklets as well as any other appropriate learning materials you have produced or procured. Other materials in the "Know Yourself' series cover puberty, sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS, and marriage and family planning. These packages may also be useful for the adolescents with whom you work. Conception is a sensitive topic, and it will be helpful to have the support of parents, community leaders, and service providers before the workshop begins (see Materials for the Facilitator, page 58). You may want to meet with these people before the group discussion or workshop to talk about the workshop content and structure. The ideal group for a meeting or workshop has: Both boys and girls; Minimum of 20 participants and maximum of 25; At least two facilitators, one male and one female. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: BANGLADESH | TEACHING MATERIALS | ADOLESCENTS | TEACHERS | WORKSHOPS | SEXUALITY | SEX BEHAVIOR | TELEVISION | GROUP PROCESSES | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | SEX EDUCATION | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Social Behavior | Health Document Number: 276912 |
| 30. Title: Know yourself. Preparing for marriage. Facilitator's guide for video. Author: Bangladesh Center for Communication Programs Source: Dhaka, Bangladesh, Bangladesh Center for Communication Programs, 2003. [81] p. Abstract: This guide will help you facilitate a two- to four-hour group discussion, or a one- to two-day workshop using the fourth package of the "Know Yourself" series, "Preparing for Marriage." The group discussion or workshop will address family planning and contraception as well as preparation for marriage. There is a specially written Question & Answer booklet entitled "Marriage and Family Health for Adolescents" for this workshop. Other materials in the "Know Yourself" series cover puberty, conception, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV/AIDS and can be used with this manual. Preparation for marriage, family planning and conception are sensitive topics and it will be helpful to have the support of parents, community leaders, and service providers before the workshop begins (see Materials for the Facilitator, page 58). You may want to meet with these people before the group discussion or workshop to talk about the workshop content and structure. The ideal group for a discussion or workshop has: Both boys and girls. Minimum of 15 participants and maximum of 20. At least two facilitators, one male and one female. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: BANGLADESH | TEACHING MATERIALS | ADOLESCENTS | TEACHERS | WORKSHOPS | MARRIAGE | FAMILY PLANNING | TELEVISION | GROUP PROCESSES | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | SEX EDUCATION | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Education | Nuptiality | Broadcast Media | Mass Media | Communication | Social Behavior | Behavior | Health Document Number: 276915 |
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