1.  Peer Reviewed Title: Is phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor use associated with condom breakage? Author: Crosby R; Yarber WL; Sanders SA; Graham CA Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2009 Sep;85(5):404-5. Abstract: We tested the hypothesis that phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) use would be associated with increased likelihood of condom breakage using an event-specific analysis. A convenience sample of 440 men completed an internet-based questionnaire that assessed variables pertaining to the last time they used condoms for penile-vaginal intercourse (PVI). A bivariate (screening) analysis was performed to identify covariates for a multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Altogether, 5.9% of the men reported breakage and 9.5% reported PDE5i use during the last time a condom was used for PVI. Among men who had used PDE5i during the last condom-protected occasion of PVI, 11.9% reported breakage compared with 5.3% of those not reporting PDE5i use. Adjusting for men's age, ethnic minority status, marital status, reported duration of PVI and alcohol use at last PVI, those using PDE5i were about four times more likely to also report condom breakage (AOR 4.02; 95% CI 1.20 to 13.48; p = 0.04). Of note, duration of PVI was independently associated with breakage (AOR 1.36; CI 1.02 to 1.83; p = 0.04). Findings suggest that PDE5i use may potentially be associated with increased odds of condom breakage among some men. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | SAMPLING STUDIES | STATISTICAL REGRESSION | MEN | CONDOM FAILURE | RISK FACTORS | DRUGS | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | ALCOHOL USE AND ABUSE | MARITAL STATUS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Analysis | Demographic Factors | Population | Condoms | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Health | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Behavior | Nuptiality Document Number: 342845 |
| 2. Title: [An uncommon localization of pyoderma gangrenosum on the penis of an HIV infected patient in the Ivory Coast] L'atteinte du penis, une localisation rare du pyoderma gangrenosum: a propos d'un Author: Ecra E; Ahogo KC; Sangare A; Kaloga M; Kassi K; Kouame K; Kacou DE; Gbery IP; Yoboue YP; Kanga JM Source: Bulletin De La Societe De Pathologie Exotique. 2009 May;102(2):85-7. Abstract: Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon chronic ulcerative dermatosis with unknown aetiology and with a pathology which is still obscure. In 15-45% of cases, it is related to intestinal chronic inflammatory disease (MICI), to a systemic disease that it can sometimes reveals or to an immunodeficiency This disease starts whether with a pustule, a bubble or a nodule which leads during its evolvement to a superficial ulceration with clear edges. Its diagnosis is easy and is mainly clinical. It is a disease which is localized preferably in lower limbs. Treatment is mainly based on oral route corticotherapy. We report a case of gangrenosum pyoderma localized on the penis in a 43-year-old HIV infected patient. It is an uncommon localization, misleading and delicate. We have treated successfully this patient by oral corticotherapy combined with local antiseptic treatments for 6 months. Language: French Keywords: COTE D'IVOIRE | RESEARCH REPORT | MEN | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | UROGENITAL EFFECTS | GASTROINTESTINAL EFFECTS | TREATMENT | DRUGS | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 342812 |
| 3. Title: Maternal Use of Oral Contraceptives During Early Pregnancy and Risk of Hypospadias in Male Offspring. Author: Norgaard M; Wogelius P; Pedersen L; Rothman KJ; Sorensen HT Source: Urology. 2009 Jul 8; Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between maternal use of oral contraceptives in early pregnancy and increased prevalence of hypospadias in male offspring. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide population-based case-control study using data from nationwide medical databases. Among live male births between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2005, we identified all cases of hypospadias recorded anytime postpartum (n = 1683) and randomly selected 10 controls per case without such a diagnosis (n = 15 650), matched by year and hospital of birth. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate prevalence ratios stratified according to time of diagnosis (within 6 months postpartum, >6 months postpartum), controlling for potential confounding factors including maternal age, birth order, maternal smoking, prescriptions for ovulation-inducing drugs, antiepileptics, and antidiabetics, and a maternal diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. RESULTS: We included 1683 cases of hypospadias and 15 650 population controlsduring 1996-2005. Among the 1186 boys who had their hypospadias diagnosis recorded within 6 months postpartum, 28 (2.4%) had been exposed to oral contraceptives between 30 days before conception until the end of the first trimester. Among the controls, 307 (2.8%) were similarly exposed, corresponding to a prevalence ratio of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.57-1.27) after adjusting for possible confounders. For a diagnosis registered >6 months postpartum, the adjusted prevalence ratio was 1.12 (95% CI: 0.61-2.06). CONCLUSIONS: Our data do not support the hypothesis that maternal use of oral contraceptives around conception is associated with an increased prevalence of hypospadias in the offspring. Language: English Keywords: DENMARK | RESEARCH REPORT | CONTROL GROUPS | STATISTICAL REGRESSION | INFANT | BIRTH DEFECTS | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | UROGENITAL EFFECTS | PREVALENCE | RISK FACTORS | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, SIDE EFFECTS | PREGNANCY, FIRST TRIMESTER | Developed Countries | Europe, Northern | Europe | Research Methodology | Data Analysis | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Measurement | Health | Contraceptive Safety | Safety | Public Health | Pregnancy | Reproduction Document Number: 342127 |
| 4. Title: Do phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors protect against condom-associated erection loss and condom slippage? Author: Sanders SA; Milhausen RR; Crosby RA; Graham CA; Yarber WL Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2009 May;6(5):1451-6. Abstract: Introduction. Some physicians prescribe phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) for men who experience condom-associated erection difficulties with a view to increasing condom use and reducing risk of sexually transmitted infections. Aim. To examine whether the prevalence of erection-related condom problems differs between men using and not using PDE5i at the last condom-protected penile-vaginal (PVI) or penile-anal intercourse. Methods. Seven hundred-five men who had used a male condom during the past 3 months for PVI were selected from a sample recruited through advertisement to an electronic mailing list for a large, internet-based, sexual-enhancement product company. An internet-based questionnaire posted in 2006 assessed condom-use errors and problems. Main Outcome Measures. Men who did and did not use PDE5i during the last time a condom was used were compared on: (i) erection loss while applying a condom; (ii) erection loss during sex while using a condom; (iii) condom slipped off during sex; (iv) delayed condom application (penetration of the vagina or anus prior to application of the male condom); (v) early condom removal (condom taken off and intercourse continued without it); (vi) "problem with the way the condom fit"; (vii) "problem with the way the condom felt"; and (viii) condom breakage. Results. Controlling for age, marital status (yes/no), and having children (yes/no), PDE5i users, compared with nonusers, were: (i) three times more likely to report erection loss during sex while using a condom (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.40-7.39, P = 0.006); (ii) almost five times more likely to report the condom slipped off during sex (AOR = 4.75, 95% CI = 1.68-13.44, P = 0.003); and (iii) more than twice as likely to remove condoms before sex was over (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.09-5.56, P = 0.03). Conclusions. Physicians prescribing PDE5i may want to evaluate whether men are experiencing condom-associated erection difficulties and, if they are, consider titrating dosages and/or making referrals for psychosexual therapy and/or condom skills education. Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | MEN | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | CONDOM USE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | RISK FACTORS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Health Document Number: 341196 |
| 5. Peer Reviewed Title: Evaluation of multiplex real-time PCR for detection of Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in the diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in the Rakai District, Uganda. Author: Suntoke TR; Hardick A; Tobian AA; Mpoza B; Laeyendecker O; Serwadda D; Opendi P; Gaydos CA; Gray RH; Wawer MJ; Quinn TC; Reynolds SJ Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2009 Apr;85(2):97-101. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a real-time PCR assay that reliably and accurately detects the predominant sexually transmitted aetiological agents of genital ulcer disease (GUD) (Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2)) and to assess the use of real-time PCR diagnostic testing in a rural African field site. METHODS: Two multiplex real-time PCR reactions were used to detect H ducreyi/and HSV-1/HSV-2 in ulcer swabs from 100 people with symptomatic genital ulcers in rural Rakai, Uganda. Results were compared with syphilis, HSV-1 and HSV-2 serology. RESULTS: Of 100 GUD samples analysed from 43 HIV positive and 57 HIV negative individuals, 71% were positive for one or more sexually transmitted infection (STI) pathogens by real-time PCR (61% for HSV-2, 5% for T pallidum, 3% for HSV-1, 1% for H ducreyi and 1% for dual H ducreyi/HSV-2). The frequency of HSV in genital ulcers was 56% (32/57) in HIV negative individuals and 77% (33/43) in HIV positive individuals (p = 0.037). Assay reproducibility was evaluated by repeat PCR testing in the USA with 96% agreement (kappa = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS: STI pathogens were detected in the majority of GUD swab samples from symptomatic patients in Rakai, Uganda, by real-time PCR. HSV-2 was the predominant cause of genital ulcers. Real-time PCR technology can provide sensitive, rapid and reproducible evaluation of GUD aetiology in a resource-limited setting. Language: English Keywords: UGANDA | RURAL AREAS | RESEARCH REPORT | CLIENTS | CHANCROID | HERPES GENITALIS | SYPHILIS | LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | GENITAL EFFECTS, FEMALE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | HEMATOLOGIC TESTS | LABORATORY PROCEDURES | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Geographic Factors | Population | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Genitalia, Female | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Genitalia, Male Document Number: 341909 |
| 6. Title: Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease: Choosing the best approach to improve patient satisfaction Author: Egydio PH Source: Asian Journal of Andrology. 2008 Jan;10(1):158-166. Abstract: The aim was to discuss important points on medical history, preoperative evaluation, real expectations, and selection of the appropriate surgical procedure to improve patient satisfaction after surgical procedures for Peyronie's disease. Recent advances in approaches to Peyronie's disease are discussed based on the literature and personal experiences. Issues concerning surgical indication, patient selection, surgical techniques, and grafting are discussed. Lengthening procedures on the convex side of the penile curvature by means of grafting offer the best possible gain from a reconstruction standpoint. Penile rectification and rigidity are required to achieve a completely functional penis. Most patients experience associated erectile dysfunction (ED), and penile straightening alone may not be enough to restore complete function. Twenty-five patients were submitted to total penile reconstruction on length and girth with concomitant penile prosthesis implant. The maximum length restoration was possible and limited by the length of the dissected neurovascular bundle. The mean age was 55.4 years (32-69 years) and the mean angle of curvature 74.2 +or- 22.4 (0-100). Pericardial grafting was used to cover the defect. The mean follow-up time was 11.2 +or- 5.9 months (3-22 months). Mean functional penile length gain was 3.40 +or- 0.73 cm (2-5 cm). Penile prosthesis maintained the penis straight. No infections occurred. Sexual intercourse was restored in all patients and all reported recovered self-esteem. Improving patient satisfaction with the surgical treatment includes proper preoperative evaluation on stable disease, penile shortening, vascular and erectile status, patient decision and selection as well as extensive discussion on surgical technique for restoring functional penis (length and rigidity). Length and girth restoration is very important for self-esteem and patient satisfaction. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | MEN | CLIENTS | IMPOTENCE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | MALE UROLOGIC SURGERY | SATISFACTION | TREATMENT | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Urogenital Surgery | Surgery | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Psychological Factors | Behavior Document Number: 323376 |
7.  Peer Reviewed Title: Socio-cultural, psychosexual and biomedical factors associated with genital symptoms experienced by men in rural India. Author: Gautham M; Singh R; Weiss H; Brugha R; Patel V Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2008 Mar;13(3):1-12. Abstract: Biomedical, anthropological and psychiatric frameworks have been used to research different elements of men's sexual health - sexually transmitted infections, psychosexual concerns and psychological distress - but rarely within the same study. We combined these in a study in rural north India. In Tehri Garhwal and Agra districts, we explored male perceptions of genital and sexual symptoms through focus group discussions and then conducted a clinic-based survey of 366 symptomatic men who presented at rural private provider clinics. Men's urine specimens were tested for gonorrhoea and chlamydia infection using polymerase chain reaction techniques. Researchers screened them for probable psychological distress by administering the General Health Questionnaire (12-items). Results revealed that local and traditional notions of health influenced men's symptom perceptions, with semen loss their predominant concern. Dhat, commonly perceived as an involuntary semen loss, corresponded most closely with the symptom of urethral discharge, but was attributed mainly to non-infectious causes. It could also manifest as a syndrome with physical weakness and mental lethargy. FGD participants lacked correct and complete information on reproductive health. Around 75% of the symptomatic men presented with dhat, but only 5.5% tested positive for gonorrhoea or chlamydia. Application of syndromic sexually transmitted infection (STI) guidelines in these settings could result in over diagnosis and over treatment with antibiotics. In contrast, there was a significant association between dhat and probable psychological distress as detected by the GHQ (Adjusted OR, GHQ case positive: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.51-4.68). Our study confirms the existence of a dhat syndrome in rural India, which is culturally influenced and reflects heightened psychosexual concerns as well as mental distress states. Comprehensive health services for men should include assessments of their psychosexual needs and be supported by reproductive / sexual health education. STI treatment guidelines for urethral symptoms should be revised and be based on epidemiological data. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | FOCUS GROUPS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | MEN | RURAL POPULATION | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS | PERCEPTION | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS | BELIEFS | CULTURE | STRESS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Characteristics | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Behavior Document Number: 324176 |
| 8. Title: Prevalence of genital Chlamydia in Iranian males with urethritis attending clinics in Mashhad. Author: Ghanaat J; Afshari JT; Ghazvini K; Malvandi M Source: Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2008 Nov-Dec;14(6):1333-7. Abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis is a common cause of sexually transmitted disease which can cause severe consequences. Effective prevention requires knowledge of prevalence of infection in order to target interventions in a cost-effective manner. To determine the prevalence of chlamydial infection in Mashhad, northeastern Islamic Republic of Iran, this study was performed among male patients with urethritis. Urethral discharge was collected from 150 patients. Cell culture was established for diagnosis of Chlamydia in genital specimens. Cell culture showed that 9.3% of patients in this study were infected with Chlamydia. This study provides strong evidence that prevalence of Chlamydia in our region is quite high, which necessitates screening and treatment for the infection. Language: English Keywords: IRAN | RESEARCH REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | MEN | PREVALENCE | CHLAMYDIA | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | Middle East | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Measurement | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology Document Number: 330303 |
| 9. Title: Role of postcircumcision mucosal cuff length in lifelong premature ejaculation: A pilot study. Author: Hosseini SR; Khazaeli MH; Atharikia D Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2008 Jan;5(1):206-209. Abstract: Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most prevalent sexual dysfunction among men. Several theories about its etiology have been made. One of the conflicting factors is the effect of circumcision on ejaculation, and there are some concerns about leaving so much mucosa during circumcision. In our study the relationship between mucosal cuff length and PE was investigated. Eighty-four circumcised men were studied, including 42 men with PE and 42 men without. The following data and measurements were investigated: age, education, smoking, intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), circumcision timing, stretched penile, penile skin, and mucosal cuff lengths. Main Outcome Measure: Penile, mucosal cuff, and penile skin lengths, the IELT. The mean penile, mucosal cuff, and penile skin lengths were 121.1 +or- 12.8, 15.4 +or- 4.8, and 80.8 +or- 21.0 mm in PE men, respectively, and were 130.1 +or- 10.4, 14.7 +or- 3.4, and 88.7 +or- 12.2 mm in the control group, respectively. No statistically significant differences were seen regarding the length of the penis (P = 0.80), mucosal cuff (P = 0.84), and penile skin (P = 0.99). The two groups were not different regarding education (P = 0.90), smoking (P = 0.70), and circumcision timing (P = 0.65). Postcircumcision mucosal cuff length is not a risk factor for PE. (author's) Language: English Keywords: IRAN | RESEARCH REPORT | CONTROL GROUPS | MEN | MALE CIRCUMCISION | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | SEX BEHAVIOR | EDUCATIONAL STATUS | TOBACCO USE | Developing Countries | Middle East | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Behavior | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors Document Number: 313415 |
| 10. Peer Reviewed Title: The effect of genital tract infections on HIV-1 shedding in the genital tract: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Author: Johnson LF; Lewis DA Source: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2008 Nov;35(11):946-59. Abstract: This article reviews the effect of genital tract infections and associated clinical conditions on the detection and concentration of HIV-1 shedding in the genital tract. A search of the PubMed, Embase, and AIDSearch databases was conducted. Meta-analysis was performed on those studies that reported the effect of genital tract infections on the detection of HIV-1 shedding. Thirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The odds of HIV-1 detection in the genital tract were increased most substantially by urethritis (OR 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1-8.6) and cervicitis (OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.4-5.2). The odds of HIV-1 detection were also increased significantly in the presence of cervical discharge or mucopus (OR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.7), gonorrhoea (OR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.7), chlamydial infection (OR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-3.1), and vulvovaginal candidiasis (OR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.4). Other infections and clinical conditions were found to have no significant effect on the detection of HIV-1, although HSV-2 shedding was found to increase the concentration of HIV-1 shedding, and genital ulcer disease was found to increase the odds of HIV-1 detection significantly after excluding one biased study (OR 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2-4.9). This analysis shows that infections that are associated with significant increases in leukocyte concentrations in the genital tract are also associated with significant increases in HIV-1 shedding. These infections are likely to be particularly important in promoting the sexual transmission and mother-to-child intrapartum transmission of HIV-1, and should therefore be the focus of HIV prevention strategies. Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA ANALYSIS | HIV INFECTIONS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | GENITAL EFFECTS, FEMALE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | CANDIDIASIS | VAGINOSIS | TRICHOMONIASIS | HIV TRANSMISSION | Research Methodology | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Genitalia, Female | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Genitalia, Male | Bacterial and Fungal Diseases | Vaginal Abnormalities Document Number: 341443 |
| 11. Title: A model of the differentiation and relative incidence of glandular versus squamous cell neoplasia of the uterine cervix: connection between incidence and etiology. Author: Leppaluoto PA Source: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2008;87(8):800-3. Abstract: It has remained unclear why cervical adenocarcinoma, as observed in consecutive screening, has rapidly increased during the past decades, while at the same time both that of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the combined toll of adeno- and SCC have consistently decreased. Here it is argued that this might be ascribed to coitus-related changes in the cervicovaginal milieu, where the target cells become infected through a coital act. Frequent alterations in vaginal acidity and changing sexual habits in the era after the oral contraceptive pills and even after the introduction of erectile dysfunction medication, contribute to the pathogenetic scene. Language: English Keywords: FINLAND | RESEARCH REPORT | INCIDENCE | SEXUAL INTERCOURSE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | NEOPLASMS | CERVICAL EFFECTS | HPV | CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE | VAGINOSIS | Europe, Northern | Europe | Developed Countries | Measurement | Research Methodology | Reproduction | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Diseases | Cervix | Uterus | Genitalia, Female | Viral Diseases | Contraception | Family Planning | Vaginal Abnormalities Document Number: 328662 |
| 12. Title: Posttraumatic nonischemic priapism treated with autologous blood clot embolization. Author: Numan F; Cantasdemir M; Ozbayrak M; Sanli O; Kadioglu A Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2008 Jan;5(1):173-179. Abstract: High-flow arterial priapism is rare and characterized by a prolonged nonpainful erection. Autologous clot embolization allows complete resolution of the problem in most of the cases. The aim was to review our experience with superselective transcatheter embolization in the treatment of nonischemic priapism. Advances in the understanding of the nonischemic priapism with the aid of newer techniques have altered the current management of nonischemic priapism. Between 2002 and 2006, 11 patients underwent superselective transcatheter embolization of nonischemic priapism with blunt trauma to the penis or perineum. All patients underwent diagnostic evaluation with color-flow Doppler ultrasound and superselective pudendal arteriography, revealing bilateral arteriocorporal fistula and pseudoaneurysm in two cases, bilateral arteriocorporal fistula in one case, unilateral arteriocorporal fistula in one case, and unilateral arteriocorporal fistula and pseudoaneurysm in seven cases. Autologous blood clot was used as an embolization agent in all cases combined with microcatheter guidance. The procedure was technically successful in all cases. In three (27.2%) cases, a second embolization was required due to recurrence of priapism. In all patients, erectile function was restored within 6 weeks of the procedure. Follow-ups at 6 and 12 months after the last procedure revealed that full erectile capacity was restored in 10 of 11 patients, and these patients did not experience further recurrence of priapism. One patient reported a slight decrease in the quality of his penile erection. Our experience revealed that superselective transcatheter embolization and transient occlusion of the fistula with autologous blood clot is an effective therapy for the treatment of nonischemic priapism. Furthermore, recovery of erectile function due to recanalization of the occluded vessel occurred weeks after the procedure. (author's) Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | CASE STUDIES | CLINICAL RESEARCH | MEN | EMBOLISM | SURGERY | FISTULA | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Vascular Diseases | Diseases | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology Document Number: 323236 |
| 13. Title: Prevalence of sexual problems and its association with social, psychological and physical factors among men in a Malaysian population: a cross-sectional study. Author: Quek KF; Abdul Sallam A; Ng CH; Chua CB Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2008 Jan;5(1):70-76. Abstract: Sexual problems are common in the general population. Studies have shown that most of these sexual problems are related to their social lives, medical illnesses, and psychological status. Among the sexual problems in men, premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most frequent, yet it is the least well-understood of the sexual dysfunctions of men. The aim was to determine the prevalence of sexual problem particularly PE and erectile dysfunction (ED) among people living in urban areas and to investigate the characteristics associated with these sexual problems in a Malaysian population. The PE which is defined as an intravaginal ejaculation latency time less than 2 minutes was assessed in the ED and non-ED group. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale is used as a measure of the psychological status [30]. The ED status was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire. The prevalence of self-reported sexual problems for ED and PE were 41.6% and 22.3%, respectively. In those subjects with ED, 33.5% reported to have PE. Of the total of 430 subjects, anxiety was present in 8.1%, while depression was 5.3%. The prevalence of PE accounted for 25% anxiety and 14.6% for depression respectively in the population. EDs were associated with diabetes and hypertension (OR [95% CI]: 5.33 [2.33, 10.16], 3.40 [1.76, 6.57], P less than 0.05), respectively, while factors associated with PE were anxiety and depression (OR [95% CI]: 1.29 [0.68, 2.45], 1.39 [0.69, 2.78]), respectively. Prevalence of ED is associated with medical symptoms such as diabetes and hypertension and a rise in the prevalence of age while psychological distress such as anxiety and depression also contribute to a higher PE rate. (author's) Language: English Keywords: MALAYSIA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUESTIONNAIRES | MEN | URBAN POPULATION | IMPOTENCE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | DEPRESSION | STRESS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Characteristics | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Behavior | Mental Disorders | Diseases Document Number: 314044 |
| 14. Title: Efficacy and safety of Tadalafil in the treatment of Latin American men with erectile dysfunction: Results of integrated analyses. Author: Rubio-Aurioles E; Casabé A; Torres LO; Quinzaños L; Glina S Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2008;:[12] p. Abstract: Available information on the efficacy and safety of tadalafil on Latin American men comes from reports where data is mixed with other populations. The aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of tadalafil in Latin American men with erectile dysfunction (ED). Integrated analyses of data from four 12-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trials conducted in Latin America that assessed the efficacy and safety of tadalafil in 406 Latin American men with ED of diverse etiology and severity assigned to placebo (N = 113), 10-mg tadalafil (N = 39), or 20-mg tadalafil (N = 254). Efficacy was assessed by International Index of Erectile Function Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain, questions 2 to 5 of the Sexual Encounter Profile and the first Global Assessment Question. Adverse events (AEs) reported by all enrolled patients were collected. Latin American patients treated with 10 or 20 mg of tadalafil had a significant mean improvement of 4.92 and 9.78, respectively, in the IIEF-EF domain score from baseline compared with 2.24 on placebo (P = 0.003 and P less than 0.001, respectively, vs. placebo). At both doses, the mean success rate for penetration was 75 and 86%, respectively, compared with 56% on placebo (P less than or equal to 0.001), the mean success rate for intercourse was 55% and 78%, compared with 36% on placebo (P less than 0.001 vs. placebo), and 62% and 91% of patients, respectively, reported improved erections at the end point, vs. 43% on placebo (P = 0.160 and P less than 0.001, respectively, vs. placebo). The most frequent AEs were headache, dyspepsia, and back pain. 10 or 20 mg tadalafil was an effective, safe, and well-tolerated therapy for Latin American men with ED of diverse etiology despite of ED severity. (author's) Language: English Keywords: LATIN AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | ETHNIC GROUPS | MEN | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | IMPOTENCE | DRUGS | TREATMENT | SAFETY | Americas | Developing Countries | Cultural Background | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Public Health Document Number: 326664 |
| 15. Title: Problems in understanding the Turkish translation of the International Index of Erectile Function. Author: Serefoglu EC; Atmaca AF; Dogan B; Altinova S; Akbulut Z Source: Journal of Andrology. 2008 Jul-Aug;29(4):369-373. Abstract: The objective of our study is to analyze the impact of patient age, education level, and household income on the understanding of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and to determine the patient characteristics that make this questionnaire less reliable. All men older than 18 years presenting to our clinic were asked to complete the Turkish translation of IIEF upon arrival. Self-reported information related to age, education level, and household income of the patients was also recorded from the questionnaire. The patients were requested to complete the questionnaires once again during their second visit, which was not earlier than 5 hours and no later than 5 days. The patients were requested to complete the questionnaire by themselves; however, those who were unable to do so themselves were allowed to receive the assistance of their companions. The answers of the questions that were replied to properly were defined as "appropriate," and the unanswered questions or those replied to with more than one answer were defined as "inappropriate." A total of 430 patients were included in this study. Only 289 patients (67.2%) were able to respond to all of the questions properly at first visit. The percentage of improper completion increased as age increased, whereas it decreased parallel to the increase in educational level and household income (respectively, P < .027, P , .001, P < .008). Of 430 patients, 68.4% did not need any help from their companions, and the remaining 31.6% needed some assistance during the completion of the questionnaire. A total of 131 patients who completed the questionnaire at their initial admittance to our clinic came for their second visit. Only 61.8% of the patients were capable of completion both at first and second visits. There was a low degree of consistency among the first and second administrations of IIEF (k = 0.369, P < .001). Turkish translation of the IIEF needs further validations for the self-administered mode in order to improve its comprehension as well as its reliability, validity, and specificity, especially in older patients with lower educational levels and household income status, among whom the prevalence and the severity of erectile dysfunction is higher. (author's) Language: English Keywords: TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | QUESTIONNAIRES | VALIDITY | CLIENTS | MEN | RESPONDENTS | IMPOTENCE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | LANGUAGE | Developing Countries | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Measurement | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Demographic Factors | Population | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Communication Document Number: 327339 |
| 16. Title: Effect of hypospadias on sexual function and reproduction. Author: Singh JC; Jayanthi VR; Gopalakrishnan G Source: Indian Journal of Urology. 2008 Apr-Jun;:249-252. Abstract: Hypospadias is a highly prevalent congenital anomaly. The impact of the defect and operative interventions on sexual and reproductive function has been addressed by a few publications. It is essential to know the possible outcomes of intervention for appropriate counseling, operative planning, and follow-up. English articles indexed in Pubmed dealing with the long-term sexual and reproductive outcome following hypospadias repair from 1965 to 2007 were reviewed. To our knowledge, there was no prospective trial comparing the impact of various techniques on sexual outcome. There is considerable discordance in literature regarding the effects on sexual function. A few publications report patient and partner dissatisfaction with the appearance of genitalia. Sexual dissatisfaction is often attributed to penile size. Ejaculatory disturbances range between 6 and 37% of operated individuals. There is no convincing evidence for impaired fertility. The long-term follow-up is essential to identify problems and to address them appropriately. Literature documenting the outcome of specific operative procedures and analysis based on severity of hypospadias will be informative. The long-term follow-up of the newer techniques which are more commonly used are awaited. (author's) Language: English Keywords: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | INDIA | LITERATURE REVIEW | REPRODUCTION | SATISFACTION | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology Document Number: 326646 |
| 17. Peer Reviewed Title: Penile modification in young Thai men: Risk environments, procedures and widespread implications for HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Author: Thomson N; Sutcliffe CG; Sirirojn B; Sintupat K; Aramrattana A Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2008 Jun;84(3):195-197. Abstract: The objectives were to determine the prevalence and types of penile modification and describe the circumstances surrounding this practice among a sample of young methamphetamine users in Thailand. A mixed methods study was conducted in Chiang Mai, Thailand, in 2005-6. One hundred young men were surveyed for the quantitative study and in-depth interviews were administered to 9 men, 11 women and 1 transgender. The prevalence of penile modification was 51%, with the most common type being inlaying with muk(s) (61%). The majority of modifications were performed in prison or juvenile detention (80%) by a friend (90%). Motivations for penile modification included peer pressure and perceived enhanced female sexual pleasure. In prison, the practice was veiled in secrecy, the conditions under which modification was performed were unhygienic, sometimes leading to infection, and sharing equipment was common. Men and women reported that condom use was more difficult post modification as condoms were more likely to break or leak and less likely to fit correctly. In addition, sexual intercourse was often painful for the female partner. Penile modification is prevalent in this group of young methamphetamine users and is associated with behaviours and consequences that could facilitate the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. (author's) Language: English Keywords: THAILAND | RESEARCH REPORT | QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH | INTERVIEWS | MEN | DRUG USE AND ABUSE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | CULTURE | CONDOM USE | HIV TRANSMISSION | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | RISK FACTORS | Asia, Southeastern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Data Collection | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Sociocultural Factors | Risk Reduction Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections Document Number: 327203 |
| 18. Title: Can the female condom be used safely more than once? Author: Family Health International [FHI] Source: [Research Triangle Park, North Carolina], FHI, [2007]. [3] p. (FHI Research Briefs on the Female Condom No. 3) Abstract: The female condom is more expensive than the male condom. If the female condom can be used safely more than once, the cost of each use would decline. Studies have found that the device remains structurally sound after repeated washings and reuse, and that a one-minute soak in a 1-to-20 dilution of bleach in water effectively inactivates the organisms that cause gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes, and HIV infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) continues to recommend the use of a new male or female condom for every act of sexual intercourse where there is risk of an unplanned pregnancy or of acquiring a sexually transmitted infection, but WHO also stated in July 2002 that "the final decision on whether or not to support reuse of the female condom must ultimately be taken locally." Because some women may not have access to bleach, USAID supported additional research to assess the safety and feasibility of cleaning used female condoms with soap and water and eliminating the bleach disinfection step. One study, conducted by FHI, tested a solution of dish detergent and water based on volumes typically used to wash dishes: 7.5 milliliters of detergent per one liter of water, or about two squirts of detergent in a basin of water. It found that the dish detergent and water was just as effective as the 1:20 bleach solution in removing the organisms that cause gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes and HIV infection from the surfaces of both new and pre-washed, relubricated condoms. Language: English Keywords: GLOBAL | SUMMARY REPORT | FEMALE CONDOMS | WHO | CONTRACEPTION RESEARCH | CONTRACEPTIVE SAFETY | GENITAL EFFECTS, FEMALE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | Vaginal Barrier Methods | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | UN | International Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Safety | Public Health | Health | Genitalia, Female | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Genitalia, Male | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases Document Number: 331707 |
| 19. Title: Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in male subjects with alcohol dependence. Author: Arackal BS; Benegal V Source: Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2007 Apr-Jun;49(2):109-112. Abstract: Chronic and persistent alcohol use is known to induce sexual dysfunction, which leads to marked distress and interpersonal difficulty. We attempted to assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in a clinical sample of subjects with alcohol dependence. One hundred male subjects admitted to a deaddiction centre with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence syndrome with simple withdrawal symptoms (F10.30, ICD-10 criteria) were assessed for sexual dysfunction using a sexual dysfunction checklist, constructed using items from the Diagnostic Criteria for Research [ICD-10] for sexual dysfunction. Seventy-two per cent had one or more sexual dysfunction, the most common being premature ejaculation, low sexual desire and erectile dysfunction. The amount of alcohol consumed appeared to be the most significant predictor of developing sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction is common in patients with alcohol dependence. Heavy drinking proportionately increases the risk. Clinicians need to routinely assess sexual functioning in alcoholic patients so that other factors contributing to sexual dysfunction can be ruled out. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | PREVALENCE | MEN | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | IMPOTENCE | ALCOHOL USE AND ABUSE | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Measurement | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Behavior Document Number: 313690 |
| 20. Title: Human penile ossification: Case report. Author: de Arruda HO; de Lima H; Ortiz V Source: Sao Paulo Medical Journal. 2007 Mar 1;125(2):124-125. Abstract: Ossification in the human penis is such a rare condition that only 34 histologically evident cases have previously been reported. Among several conditions that have been correlated with this problem the most frequent is Peyronie disease. In all these conditions, human penile ossification appears to be a metaplastic bone formation process. A 59-year-old white man presented with a one-year history of slight pain upon erection and during intercourse. He also complained of hard plaque near the base of the penis. One year earlier, he had sustained blunt trauma during intercourse. Examination of the penis revealed a fixed firm mass extending over the proximal third of the penile shaft, measuring 3.0 x 3.0 x 2.0 cm and involving the corporal sponge, without surface extension. There was no impotence or other relevant clinical finding. Radiography on the penis revealed irregular calcification in the same position as the palpable mass and in the septum of the proximal inner third of the penis. The importance of this report lies in the extent of the human penile ossification, as demonstrated by the radiological and histological confirmation. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | CASE STUDIES | MEN | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | HISTOLOGY | ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES | SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS | PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Studies | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Health | Diseases | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care Document Number: 319668 |
| 21. Title: Identification of males at increased risk for genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among patients referred for urological consultation. Author: de Carvalho JJ; de Carvalho JZ; Rosa NT; de Carvalho LZ; Syrajanen KJ Source: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2007;39(11-12):1029-1037. Abstract: In order to identify the probable risk groups, this study analysed the reasons for referral to a urological clinic and the indications for peniscopy among males with suspected genital HPV infection. The patients were derived from a series of 2370 consecutive males attending our urological clinic in Sao Paulo, of whom 652 males (27.5%) aroused a clinical suspicion of genital HPV infection. Patients were categorized into 7 groups, according to their indications for referral. Altogether, 459 (70.4%) were examined by peniscopy, and 403 (87.8%) were biopsied and tested for HPV by Hybrid Capture 2 (HCII) for both oncogenic and non-oncogenic HPV types. The most frequent indication for referral in HPV-positive males (both in peniscopy and by HCII) was other diseases (group 6), followed by those who had partners HPV positive (group 1). The highest HPV prevalence (42%) was found among those with visible lesions, followed by those (38%) with previous condyloma. Of the other STDs, urethritis was significantlyassociated with HPV detection. Importantly, HPV was detected in 27% of the males referred due to other conditions non-related to HPV. We conclude that the risk groups for genital HPV infections include males with visible lesions, previous history of condyloma, those with HPV-positive partners, recurrent balanitis, as well as those with other STDs. Urethritis is significantly associated with HPV. The most frequent indications for referral to urological clinic among HPV-positive males were other, non-HPV-related conditions. The HPV prevalence rate of 27% among these patients warrants them to be considered as another risk group for genital HPV infections. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | MEN | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | UROGENITAL EFFECTS | EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | RISK FACTORS | HPV | PREVALENCE | HISTOLOGY | GENETICS | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Measurement | Research Methodology Document Number: 322934 |
| 22. Peer Reviewed Title: Gonococcal resistance: Evolving from penicillin, tetracycline to the quinolones in South Africa -- implications for treatment guidelines. Author: De Jongh M; Dangor Y; Adam A; Hoosen AA Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS. 2007 Oct;18(10):697-699. Abstract: Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been evolving. This study assessed the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of isolates in the Pretoria region, South Africa. Isolates of N. gonorrhoeae from men with urethritis were tested for susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion, Etest and agar dilution methods. Chromosomal resistance to penicillin was found in 16% of isolates, 16% showed plasmid-mediated resistance and decreased susceptibility was seen in 73% of isolates. For the first time, there is evidence of high-level tetracycline resistance (36%). Ciprofloxacin resistance emerged at 7%. All isolates remained susceptible to ceftriaxone. In view of these findings of the emergence of quinoloneresistant N. gonorrhoeae, national treatment guidelines for syndromic management of sexually transmitted infections need to be urgently reviewed. The injectable preparation, ceftriaxone has to be considered as a first-line agent for the management of gonococcal infections. Overall, the gonococcal isolates in the Pretoria region remain susceptible to ceftriaxone, cefoxitin, cefpodoxime and spectinomycin. (author's) Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | MEN | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | GONORRHEA | LABORATORY PROCEDURES | ANTIBIOTICS | TREATMENT | DRUG RESISTANCE | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Drugs Document Number: 321624 |
| 23. Title: Antibiotic treatment can delay ejaculation in patients with premature ejaculation and chronic bacterial prostatitis. Author: El-Nashaar A; Shamloul R Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2007 Mar;4(2):491-496. Abstract: Premature ejaculation (PE) is regarded as the most common male sexual disorder. Previous studies reported that prostatic inflammation was highly prevalent in PE. However, the effect of antibiotic treatment of cases with PE and chronic prostatitis has not been extensively investigated. The aim was to examine the effect of antibiotic treatment in delaying ejaculation in patients with PE and chronic prostatitis. A total of 145 consecutive men attending of secondary premature ejaculation (SPE) were included in this study. Sequential microbiologic specimens were obtained from urine and prostatic fluid. Antibiotics were given for 1 month according to the results of their culture and sensitivity test. All patients were instructed to follow up with our clinic monthly for at least 4 months. At the end of the 4-month follow-up, another prostatic secretion analysis was performed. Based on expressed prostatic secretion culture and white blood cell (WBC) count, 94 (64.8%) were having chronic bacterial prostatitis. The remaining 51 (35.2%) patients had negative WBC count. Of the 94 patients with SPE and chronic bacterial prostatitis, 20 patients were left untreated and considered as a control group. All 74 patients with PE and chronic prostatitis continued the 1-month treatment duration. Following 1-month antibiotic treatment, all 74 patients with initially positive cultures had sterile final cultures (P < 0.05). Sixty-two (83.9%) patients showed increases in their ejaculatory latency time and reported good control of their ejaculation and were considered treatment responsive. None of the control group patients experienced any improvement either in their prostatic infection condition or in their ejaculation time. The follow-up of treatment-responsive patients (N = 62) revealed no recurrence of PE with negative prostatic culture. Successful eradication of causative organisms in patients with PE and chronic prostatitis may lead to marked improvement in intravaginal ejaculatory latency time and ejaculatory control. (author's) Language: English Keywords: CANADA | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | MEN | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | SEXUAL INTERCOURSE | BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL DISEASES | ANTIBIOTICS | TREATMENT | Developed Countries | North America, Northern | Americas | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Reproduction | Infections | Diseases | Drugs | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health Document Number: 313247 |
| 24. Title: Diagnostic performance of three-dimensional ultrasound extended imaging at scrotal mass lesions. Author: Elwagdy S; Razmy S; Ghoneim S; Elhakim S Source: International Journal of Urology. 2007 Nov;14(11):1025-1033. Abstract: High resolution two-dimensional ultrasound (2D US) difficulty in evaluation of some scrotal mass lesions is not frequent. The aim of the present study was to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of three-dimensional ultrasound extended imaging (3D XI) in characterization of those lesions. The study protocol had the approval of the University's review board all participants' informed consents were obtained. The study included 28 selected patients (12 testicular and 16 para-testicular mass lesions) examined by 2D US and 3D XI applications including computed multi-slice view (MSV) and multi-resolution enhanced images (XI MR). Results were correlated with histopathological findings. Two-dimensional ultrasound did not adequately characterize 28 patients out of 329 (8.5%). 3D XI interrogation was an easy procedure and distinctive of the pathological findings in 27 patients out of 28 (96.4%). The performance of XI MR with respect to characterization provided additional diagnostic informationover MSV. The performance of 3D XI with respect to testicular mass characterization proved better than static 2D US. Subsequently, the results of this study suggest that the routine use of 2D US in diagnosis of scrotal mass lesions should preferably be upgraded to 3D XI methods. (author's) Language: English Keywords: EGYPT | RESEARCH REPORT | EVALUATION | MEN | ULTRASONICS | EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | TESTIS | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | Developing Countries | Africa, North | Africa | Demographic Factors | Population | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology Document Number: 322158 |
| 25. Title: Structured management and counseling for patients with a complaint of a small penis. Author: Ghanem H; Shamloul R; Khodeir F; El Shafie H; Kaddah A Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2007 Sep;4(5):1322-1327. Abstract: Penile augmentation surgery has become increasingly common though there is no consensus about the management strategy for men with a complaint of small penis. The aim was to introduce and evaluate the outcome of a structured management and counseling protocol for patients with a complaint of a small-sized penis. A structured protocol for consultation and management of (physically normal) patients with a complaint of a small penis through a descriptive study comprised of a series of 250 patients. Main Outcome Measure: Percentage of patients who elect to undergo penile augmentation surgery. Only nine patients (3.6%) chose to seek further surgical intervention. Two had a buried penis, two had true micropenis and five had normal penile size. Using a structured management and counseling protocol, most men chose not to undergo penile augmentation surgery, even when offered for free. (author's) Language: English Keywords: EGYPT | RESEARCH REPORT | MEN | CLIENTS | IMPOTENCE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | SURGERY | COUNSELING | MANAGEMENT | Developing Countries | Africa, North | Africa | Demographic Factors | Population | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Clinic Activities Document Number: 313341 |
| 26. Title: Correction of congenital penile curvature using modified tunical plication with absorbable sutures: The long-term outcome and patient satisfaction. Author: Hsieh JT; Liu SP; Chen Y; Chang HC; Yu HJ Source: European Urology. 2007 Jul;52(1):261-267. Abstract: Although plication of the tunica albuginea with nonabsorbable sutures is an effective method in correcting congenital penile curvature (CPC), suture-related complications may happen. We investigated the long-term outcome and patient satisfaction of a modified tunical plication technique using absorbable sutures. From January 1999 to July 2005, 114 consecutive patients with CPC treated with a modified tunical plication technique by a single surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. With the modified corporeal plication technique, two, interrupted, U-shaped sutures with 2-zero polyglactin were applied to create bumps on the tunica albuginea. The long-term outcome and patient satisfaction were assessed by a post hoc questionnaire interview. Among the 114 patients, complete straightness of the penis was achieved in 65 (57%) patients, and 33 (29%) patients reported a 15-degree or less residual or recurrent curvature at 6mo postoperatively. Although 32 (28%) patients experienced suture failure (median time: 38.5 d), only half of them had a residual or recurrent curvature greater than 15 degrees. Younger patients (less than 24 yr) had a higher chance of suture failure than elder patients (p = 0.03). Among the 103 patients completing the questionnaire, no palpable suture knots, suture granuloma, erectile discomfort, or erectile dysfunction was reported (median follow-up time: 41.5 mo). Eighty-three (81.5%) patients were either very or moderately satisfied with the surgical outcome. The modified technique using double, interrupted, U-shaped sutures and absorbable suture material is a simple and effective method for treating CPC. Suture-related complications rarely happen. The long-term outcome is satisfactory, and most patients are pleased with the procedure. (author's) Language: English Keywords: TAIWAN | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | KAP SURVEYS | MEN | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | GENITALIA, MALE | UROGENITAL SURGERY | SATISFACTION | AGE FACTORS | IMPOTENCE | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Surgery | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Population Characteristics Document Number: 313575 |
| 27. Peer Reviewed Title: Changes in the patterns of sexually transmitted infection among South African mineworkers, associated with the emergence of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Author: Htun Y; Radebe F; Fehler HG; Ballard RC Source: South African Medical Journal. 2007 Nov;97(11):1155-1160. Abstract: Objective. To study temporal changes in the relative prevalence of STI syndromes and the aetiology of genital ulcer disease (GUD) among migrant mineworkers in a gold mining area in South Africa during the period 1992 - 2000 and to explore the epidemiological synergy and interactions between these conventional STIs and the emergence of HIV infection. Method. The records of all STI patients presenting with new episodes of STI seen at a dedicated STI clinic in the Carletonville area, near Johannesburg, between 1992 and 2000 were reviewed and analysed. In addition, crosssectional studies to determine the aetiology of genital ulcerations were conducted. Results. During the study period, 36 686 new STI episodes were treated at the clinic with a mean annual STI incidence rate of 137.4 per 1 000 miners. The STI incidence remained high throughout the period 1994 - 1999. A total of 35 789 HIV tests were performed during the study period; the overall HIV prevalence was 35.3%. Between 1986 and 1994, the relative prevalence of genital herpes rapidly increased among GUD patients co-infected with HIV: 0% in 1986, 4.7% in 1990 and 20.8% in 1994. Conclusions. Syndromic and microbiological surveillance indicates that there was a high incidence of non-herpetic genital ulcerations among miners during the early phase of HIV epidemic. This sustained high incidence of GUDs was followed by a rapid increase in HIV prevalence and changes in the aetiology of the STI syndrome. Language: English Keywords: SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | MINE WORKERS | MIGRANT WORKERS | MEN | PREVALENCE | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | HIV INFECTIONS | TIME FACTORS | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Research Methodology | Labor Force | Human Resources | Economic Factors | Demographic Factors | Population | Measurement | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Viral Diseases | Population Dynamics | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology Document Number: 330615 |
| 28. Title: Erectile dysfunction in diabetic men is linked more to microangiopathic complications and neuropathy than to macroangiopathic disturbances. Author: Kamenov ZA; Christov VG; Tankova TM Source: Journal of Men's Health and Gender. 2007 Mar;4(1):64-73. Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of macro- and microangiopathic diabetic complications, especially diabetic neuropathy (DN), as risk factors for diabetic erectile dysfunction (DED). In this cross-sectional study, the clinical records of 150 consecutive patients with a mean age (± standard deviation) of 53.0 (± 12.5) years, mean diabetes duration of 8.6 (± 6.7) years and diabetes type 1/2 = 39/111 were analyzed. Data on macroangiopathy (arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebral vascular disease (CeVD), dyslipidaemia) and microangiopathy (nephropathy, retinopathy, symptoms and predetermined diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy (DN)) was collected. Modified Neuropathy Disability Score (NDS), vibration (VP), thermal (TP) and 10 g monofilament (MF) perceptions and Achilles reflexes (AR) for somatic DN together with a new test for sudomotor autonomic DN (Neuropad) were used as diagnostic tools. DED was diagnosed using a questionnaire, based on the answer to the question about having erectile problems. DED was present in 44.7% of men with significant dependence on age and diabetes duration. The prevalence of arterial hypertension (p < 0.05) and CAD/CeVD (p < 0.05) was higher in the DED group, but the differences in nephropathy (p < 0.01), retinopathy (p < 0.001) and neuropathy (p < 0.001) were more significant. After adjustment for age, the duration of diabetes (odds ratio (95% confidence interval (CI); p value): 1.054 (1.010-1.099; p < 0.05)), retinopathy (5.512 (2.469-12.305; p < 0.001)), symptoms of DN (2.428 (1.138-5.179; p < 0.05)) and diagnosis of DN (2.805 (1.406-5.597; p < 0.01)) remained as risk factors for DED. All neuropathic tests were significantly more unfavourable in the DED group. After adjustment for age and diabetes duration, best predictors for DED were NDS and VP. Only 4.5% of men had been treated for DED. Erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients is a specific entity. Microvascular diabetic complications are more important risk factors for ED than macrovascular ones. Our data support the hypothesis that in the complex pathogenesis of DED, DN is a more important pathogenic factor than macroangiopathy. (author's) Language: English Keywords: BULGARIA | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | MEN | DECREASED LIBIDO | DIABETES | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS | NEUROLOGIC EFFECTS | MEN'S HEALTH | RISK FACTORS | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Diseases | Genitalia, Male | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Health Document Number: 313242 |
| 29. Title: A pilot survey of sexual functioning and preferences in a sample of English-speaking adults from a small South Indian town. Author: Kar N; Koola MM Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2007 Sep;4(5):1254-1261. Abstract: There is a dearth of recent information on sexual functioning and preferences from an Indian population. The aim was to study sexual functioning and preferences in a sample of English-speaking adults in a small town in South India. Responses were obtained through a postal questionnaire method and were analyzed. Study document included an explanation of the study, sociodemographic details, a sexual functioning questionnaire, a semistructured sexual preference questionnaire, and meanings of terms used in the questionnaires. The study measured the frequency of various sexual functions, difficulties, and preferences over a period of 1 month. Sixty-one subjects out of 200 English-speaking persons from a south Indian town returned the questionnaire. Common sexual difficulties included decreased interest in sex (16.4%), arousal difficulties (21.3%), orgasmic difficulties in females (28.6%), and premature ejaculation in males (15.2%). Masturbation was considered wrong by 18% of respondents; with almost 40% of females and 6% of males reported to have never masturbated. There were many differences in the sexual functioning of married compared to unmarried persons and other sociodemographic groups. Practice of various sexual preferences was reported: voyeurism (41.0%), fetishism (18.0%), frotteurism (11.5%), homosexuality (11.5%), telephone scatology (9.8%), and incest (8.2%) being more common. In a small minority, telephone scatology (3.3%), voyeurism (1.6%), and fetishism (1.6%) were reported to be the only method of sexual gratification. Sexual difficulties were similar to other reports in different cultures. Varieties of preferences were practiced, and there were variations among different sociodemographic groups. (author's) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | PILOT PROJECTS | QUESTIONNAIRES | SEX BEHAVIOR | SEXUALITY | GENITAL EFFECTS, FEMALE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Behavior | Personality | Psychological Factors | Genitalia, Female | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Genitalia, Male Document Number: 319601 |
| 30. Title: Specific investigations in a case of sexually transmitted disease. Author: Khan K; Gautam M; Patil S Source: Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2007 Jan-Jun;28(1):43-47. Abstract: Over the past few decades, there was a steady decline in the number of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). However, with the rapid emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which has now become a pandemic, these STDs are once again in focus. But now, the classical presentation is no longer a rule; and in such a scenario, clinical suspicion has to be confirmed by specific investigations for correct identification and thus for correct management of these diseases. This article tries to enlist the specific investigations that can be done in a case of STD attending the clinic. The list is by no means comprehensive and has to be used in conjunction with a detailed history and good clinical examination. Other laboratory tests can be done when warranted. (excerpt) Language: English Keywords: INDIA | MANUAL | PROVIDERS WITH CLIENTS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | SYPHILIS | GONORRHEA | GENITAL EFFECTS, FEMALE | GENITAL EFFECTS, MALE | HERPES GENITALIS | TRICHOMONIASIS | CHANCROID | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Genitalia, Female | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Genitalia, Male Document Number: 321076 |
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