Inmagic CS/WebPublisher PRO found 2286 records

Your search found 2286 record(s).
New Basic Search | New Advanced Search | POPLINE Document Delivery Policy

Subscription may be needed for full text

Title: Fetal abnormalities leading to third trimester abortion: nine-year experience from a single medical center.
Author: Barel O; Vaknin Z; Smorgick N; Reish O; Mendlovic S; Herman A; Maymon R
Source: Prenatal Diagnosis. 2009 Mar;29(3):223-8.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess fetal abnormalities and events leading to third-trimester abortion. METHODS: The study population included all parturient women with singleton pregnancy that underwent termination of pregnancy (TOP) in the third trimester in our institute because of fetal indications between 1998 and 2006. RESULTS: There were 777 cases of TOP due to fetal anomalies in our center during the study period, and 52 terminations were carried out in the third trimester. All cases of third-trimester abortions were due to severe malformations with high probability of perinatal death or severe handicap: 65.3% anomalies were structural, and 58.9% of them involved the central nervous system (CNS). Genetic indications included mostly genetic diseases, unlike aneupluidities in earlier terminations. Routine prenatal care raised suspicion of abnormalities in 22 (42.3%) cases, and diagnosis was established by additional tests. Abnormal findings were either missed in 4 (7.7%) cases or developed later in 11 (21.1%) cases. No routine prenatal screening was performed in the remaining 15 (28.8%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: Third-trimester abortion may be obviated by timely screening and scanning in some cases. The possibility of late TOP should be considered in malformations occurring late in pregnancy and in cases that require meticulous evaluation and follow-up from earlier stages of gestation.
Language: English
Keywords:
ISRAEL | RESEARCH REPORT | FETUS | PREGNANCY, THIRD TRIMESTER | CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | SCREENING | ABORTION | Developed Countries | Middle East | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning
Document Number: 331172 Notification

Title: Genetic counseling for teratogenic risk due to exposure to medications: 89 pregnancies conceived during oral contraceptive use.
Author: Belli S; Mazzola S; Luongo R; Barcella L; Alushi B
Source: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. 2009 Jun 5;
Abstract: Congenital malformations are relatively frequent (2% of the general population) but only a small proportion of them can be ascribed to medication exposure during pregnancy. Nevertheless, for the purposes of accurate prenatal diagnosis, monitoring and research, is it important to offer teratology counseling to patients exposed to drugs. There are approximately 20 medications currently on the market that have been universally acknowledged as teratogenic. At the current state of the art, exposure of early embryos to oral contraceptives is not considered teratogenic. Oral contraceptive use may be continuous (estrogen and progesterone or progesterone alone) or emergency (levonorgestrel is the only drug authorized in Italy). Like all drugs, oral contraceptives have a therapeutic failure rate, which means that a number of women on oral contraceptives conceive each year and request genetic counseling about teratogenic effects. During the period 1998-2006 at our genetics clinic we received 89 requests for counseling regarding teratogenic risk due to oral contraceptives. Our study of these patients confirms an absence of teratogenic risk for pregnancies occurring during oral contraceptive use. Teratology counseling was useful to reassure the mothers about the low risk (in the case of oral contraceptive use alone), since only 12 women chose to terminate pregnancy.
Language: English
Keywords:
ITALY | RESEARCH REPORT | GENETICS | COUNSELING | EXPOSURE | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, ESTROGEN | PROGESTERONE | LEVONORGESTREL | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | RISK FACTORS | PREGNANCY | Developed Countries | Europe, Southern | Europe | Biology | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Health | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Progestational Hormones | Hormones | Endocrine System | Physiology | Contraceptive Agents, Progestin | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Reproduction
Document Number: 341602

Title: Factors influencing the duration of pregnancy termination with vaginal misoprostol for fetal abnormality.
Author: Dickinson JE; Doherty DA
Source: Prenatal Diagnosis. 2009 May;29(5):520-4.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of factors influencing the duration of second-trimester pregnancy interruption with vaginal misoprostol for fetal abnormality. METHODS: All medical terminations >or=13 weeks of gestation 1/1997 to 12/2007 were prospectively identified. Cases receiving vaginal misoprostol 400 microg 6-hourly were extracted from the database and outcomes reviewed. RESULTS: This consecutive case series comprised 1066 women. Median maternal age was 31 years [interquartile range (IQR) 26, 36] and 15.4% had at least one prior cesarean delivery. Principal indications for termination were aneuploidy (37.6%), neural tube defects (15.9%) and cardiac anomalies (9.4%). Median gestation at termination was 19.5 weeks (IQR 17.9, 21). Median abortion interval was 16.1 h (IQR 12, 23.5). Lower maternal age (median duration 17.6 vs 15.2 vs 13.6 h, age < 30 vs 30-39 vs > 40 years, p < 0.001), nulliparity (median duration 19 vs 14.3 h, nulliparous vs parous, p < 0.001) and increasing gestation (median duration 13 vs 17.8 h, <16 vs >20 weeks, p < 0.001) were associated with abortion prolongation. Controlling for gestation, age and parity, apart from musculoskeletal abnormalities (associated with abortion prolongation, p = 0.03), the specific fetal anomaly did not influence duration. CONCLUSIONS: Three factors: nulliparity, younger maternal age and increasing gestation, were associated with abortion prolongation. Apart from musculoskeletal abnormalities, the fetal anomaly had no impact on abortion duration.
Language: English
Keywords:
AUSTRALIA | RESEARCH REPORT | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | ABORTION | MISOPROSTOL | TIME FACTORS | AGE FACTORS | NULLIPARITY | Oceania | Developed Countries | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Prostaglandins, Synthetic | Prostaglandins | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Population Characteristics | Parity | Fertility Measurements | Fertility
Document Number: 342614 Notification

Peer Reviewed

Title: CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN MOROCCO AND THE CONSEQUENCE FOR THE INCIDENCE OF AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISORDERS.
Author: Jaouad IC; Elalaoui SC; Sbiti A; Elkerh F; Belmahi L; Sefiani A
Source: Journal of Biosocial Science. 2009 May 12;:1-7.
Abstract: SummaryConsanguineous marriage is traditionally common throughout Arab countries. This leads to an increased birth prevalence of infants with recessive disorders, congenital malformations, morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of consanguineous marriage in families with autosomal recessive diseases, and to compare it with the average rate of consanguinity in the Moroccan population. The study was conducted in the Department of Medical Genetics in Rabat on 176 families with autosomal recessive diseases diagnosed and confirmed by clinical, radiological, enzymatic or molecular investigations. The rate of consanguinity was also studied in 852 families who had infants with trisomy 21 confirmed by karyotyping. These families were chosen because: (i) there is no association between trisomy 21 and consanguinity, (ii) these cases are referred from different regions of Morocco and (iii) they concern all social statuses. Among 176 families with autosomal recessive disorders, consanguineous marriages comprised 59.09% of all marriages. The prevalence of consanguinity in Morocco was found to be 15.25% with a mean inbreeding coefficient of 0.0065. The differences in the rates of consanguineous marriages were highly significant when comparing the general population and couples with offspring affected by autosomal recessive conditions. These results place Morocco among the countries in the world with high rates of consanguinity. Autosomal recessive disorders are strongly associated with consanguinity. This study better defines the health risks associated with consanguinity for the development of genetic educational guidelines targeted at the public and the health sector.
Language: English
Keywords:
MOROCCO | RESEARCH REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | COUPLES | CHILDREN | PREVALENCE | INCIDENCE | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | CONSANGUINITY | SOCIAL CLASS | BIRTH DEFECTS | Africa, North | Africa | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Measurement | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Genetics | Biology | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors
Document Number: 341479

Peer Reviewed

Title: Adjustment to termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly: a longitudinal study in women at 4, 8, and 16 months.
Author: Korenromp MJ; Page-Christiaens GC; van den Bout J; Mulder EJ; Visser GH
Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009 Aug;201(2):160.e1-7.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We studied psychological outcomes and predictors for adverse outcome in 147 women 4, 8, and 16 months after termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a longitudinal study with validated self-completed questionnaires. RESULTS: Four months after termination 46% of women showed pathological levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms, decreasing to 20.5% after 16 months. As to depression, these figures were 28% and 13%, respectively. Late onset of problematic adaptation did not occur frequently. Outcome at 4 months was the most important predictor of persistent impaired psychological outcome. Other predictors were low self-efficacy, high level of doubt during decision making, lack of partner support, being religious, and advanced gestational age. Strong feelings of regret for the decision were mentioned by 2.7% of women. CONCLUSION: Termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly has significant psychological consequences for 20% of women up to > 1 year. Only few women mention feelings of regret.
Language: English
Keywords:
NETHERLANDS | RESEARCH REPORT | LONGITUDINAL STUDIES | WOMEN | POSTABORTION | POSTABORTION CARE | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | STRESS | DEPRESSION | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | DECISION MAKING | IMPACT | Europe, Western | Europe | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Reproduction | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Behavior | Mental Disorders | Diseases | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Communication
Document Number: 342609

Title: Fear and fertility in inflammatory bowel disease: a mismatch of perception and reality affects family planning decisions.
Author: Mountifield R; Bampton P; Prosser R; Muller K; Andrews JM
Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 2009 May;15(5):720-5.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Smaller family size and voluntary childlessness has been reported in IBD; however, the disease-related reasons for this from a patient viewpoint are not described. The aims were to 1) determine whether IBD patients' perceptions of the issues surrounding IBD, pregnancy, and childbearing influence their reproductive behavior, and 2) describe these specific perceptions and concerns related to fertility and pregnancy. METHODS: All contactable subjects between 18-50 years of age from a hospital-based IBD database were surveyed by postal questionnaire. Data were obtained regarding age, gender, IBD diagnosis and treatment, body image and sexual relationships, as well as both objective and subjective data regarding fertility and pregnancy. Comparisons were made to community norms where data were available. Contingency tables with Fisher's exact test were used. RESULTS: Of 365 subjects, 255 responded (70%). The mean age was 35.5 years overall, 34.7 years for women. In all, 34% of participants were male, 127 had Crohn's disease (CD), 85 ulcerative colitis (UC), and 5 indeterminate colitis (IC). The average fertility rate was no different between women with CD and UC (1.0 and 1.2 births/woman, respectively; P = 0.553), compared with 1.81 for all Australian women. Although 42.7% of IBD patients reported a fear of infertility, patients only sought medical fertility advice at the same rate as the general population. Fear of infertility was most evident in women, those with CD, and those reporting previous surgery. Specific patient concerns, which appear to have decreased patients' family size, included IBD heritability, the risk of congenital abnormalities, and medication teratogenicity. CONCLUSIONS: The unusually high response rate indicates the centrality of reproductive issues to IBD patients. "Voluntary" childlessness in this group appears to result from concerns about adverse reproductive outcomes that may not be justified. Patients require accurate counseling addressing fertility and pregnancy outcomes in IBD to assist in their decision making.
Language: English
Keywords:
AUSTRALIA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | CLIENTS | GASTROINTESTINAL EFFECTS | PERCEPTION | FEAR | PREGNANCY | FERTILITY | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | VOLUNTARY CHILDLESSNESS | Oceania | Developed Countries | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Physiology | Biology | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Emotions | Reproduction | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Reproductive Behavior
Document Number: 342482

9.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection increases placental parasite density and transplacental malaria transmission in Western Kenya.
Author: Perrault SD; Hajek J; Zhong K; Owino SO; Sichangi M; Smith G; Shi YP; Moore JM; Kain KC
Source: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2009 Jan;80(1):119-25.
Abstract: Plasmodium falciparum malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 adversely interact in the context of pregnancy, however little is known regarding the influence of co-infection on the risk of congenital malaria. We aimed to determine the prevalence of placental and congenital malaria and impact of HIV co-infection on trans-placental malaria transmission in 157 parturient women and their infants by microscopy and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in western Kenya. The prevalence of placental and cord blood infections were 17.2% and 0% by microscopy, and 33.1% and 10.8% by PCR. HIV co-infection was associated with a significant increase in placental parasite density (P < 0.05). Cord blood malaria prevalence was increased in co-infected women (odds ratio [OR] = 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.90-15.47) and correlated with placental parasite density (OR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.80-3.67). A 1-log increase in placental monocyte count was associated with increased risk of congenital infection (P = 0.001) (OR = 48.15; 95% CI = 4.59-505.50). The HIV co-infected women have a significantly increased burden of placental malaria that increases the risk of congenital infection.
Language: English
Keywords:
KENYA | RESEARCH REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | PREGNANT WOMEN | PREVALENCE | HIV INFECTIONS | COMPLICATIONS | MALARIA | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS | MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Persons Living With HIV/AIDS | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Measurement | Parasitic Diseases | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Transmission | Infections
Document Number: 330313

10.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Pregnancy outcome after levonorgestrel-only emergency contraception failure: a prospective cohort study.
Author: Zhang L; Chen J; Wang Y; Ren F; Yu W; Cheng L
Source: Human Reproduction. 2009 Mar 31;1(1):1-7.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Levonorgestrel (LNG), as a dedicated emergency contraception (EC) product, has been available over-the-counter in China for 10 years. Until now, only a small number of deliveries after LNG-EC failure have been documented. METHODS This study was a prospective comparative cohort study. A group of 332 pregnant women who had used LNG-EC during the conception cycle was recruited, and matched to a group of 332 pregnant women without the exposure to LNG. Congenital malformations, perinatal complications and delivery circumstances were investigated in this study. RESULTS There were 31 pregnant women in the study group and 28 in the comparison group miscarried within 14 weeks of gestation. In the study and comparison groups, four malformations were found in each group. In the study group, both birthweight (3416 versus 3345 g, P = 0.040) and the sex ratio of birth (boys/girls, 1.14 versus 0.90, P = 0.153) were higher than in the comparison group. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of miscarriage or malformation or in the neonatal outcome between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS There was no association between the use of LNG-EC pills and the risk of major congenital malformations, pregnancy complications or any other adverse pregnancy outcomes in our study.
Language: English
Keywords:
CHINA | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | COHORT ANALYSIS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | INFANT | PREGNANT WOMEN | EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION | PREGNANCY OUTCOMES | LEVONORGESTREL | CONTRACEPTION FAILURE | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS | CHILDBIRTH | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Studies | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraception | Family Planning | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Contraceptive Agents, Progestin | Contraceptive Agents, Female | Contraceptive Agents | Contraceptive Usage | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases
Document Number: 330927

11.

Title: No association between maternal recurrent genital herpes in pregnancy and higher risk for congenital abnormalities.
Author: Acs N; Banhidy F; Puho E; Czeizel AE
Source: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2008;87(3):292-299.
Abstract: The objective was to study the possible links between recurrent symptomatic genital herpes during pregnancy and risk for congenital abnormalities (CAs). The occurrence of prospectively and medically-recorded recurrent genital herpes during pregnancy in the mothers of cases with different congenital abnormalities and in the mothers of matched controls without CAs was compared in the population-based large data set of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance System of Congenital Abnormalities. Of 22,843 cases with CAs, 59 (0.26%) were born to mothers with recurrent symptomatic genital herpes, while of 38,151 control newborns without CAs, 86 (0.23%) were born to mothers with recurrent genital herpes during the study pregnancy (adjusted OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.8-1.6). Pregnant women with clinically recognised recurrent genital herpes in the first trimester of pregnancy are not linked with a higher risk for any CAs. Recurrent genital herpes during pregnancy does not associate with a higher risk of CAs. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
HUNGARY | RESEARCH REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | CASE CONTROL STUDIES | CLINICAL RESEARCH | PREGNANT WOMEN | INFANT | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS | HERPES GENITALIS | PREVALENCE | MATERNAL-FETAL EXCHANGE | Developing Countries | Europe, Central | Europe | Research Methodology | Studies | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Youth | Age Factors | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Measurement | Pregnancy | Reproduction
Document Number: 324949

12.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Paternal age and adverse birth outcomes: Teenager or 40+, who is at risk?
Author: Chen XK; Wen SW; Krewski D; Fleming N; Yang Q
Source: Human Reproduction. 2008;23(6):1290-1296.
Abstract: Most previous studies on the effect of paternal age have focused on the association of advanced paternal age with congenital anomalies. The objective of this study was to determine whether paternal age is associated with the risk of adverse birth outcomes, independent of maternal confounders. We carried out a retrospective cohort study of 2 614 966 live singletons born to married, nulliparous women aged 20-29 years between 1995 and 2000 in the USA. Multiple logistic regressions were applied to estimate the independent effect of paternal age on adverse birth outcomes. Compared with infants born to fathers aged 20-29 years, infants fathered by teenagers (less than 20 years old) had an increased risk of preterm birth [odds ratio (OR) = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 1.20], low birth weight (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.19), small-for-gestational-age births (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.22), low Apgar score (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.27), neonatal mortality (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.49) and post-neonatal mortality (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.82). Advanced paternal age (greater than or equal to 40 years) was not associated with the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Teenage fathers carry an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes that is independent of maternal confounders, whereas advanced paternal age is not an independent risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES | COHORT ANALYSIS | INFANT | PATERNAL AGE | PREGNANCY OUTCOMES | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | RISK FACTORS | PREMATURE BIRTH | LOW BIRTH WEIGHT | INFANT MORTALITY | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Parental Age | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Biology | Birth Weight | Body Weight | Physiology | Mortality | Population Dynamics
Document Number: 326849

13.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Exposure to misoprostol and hormones during pregnancy and risk of congenital anomalies.
Author: Dal Pizzol TD; Sanseverino MT; Mengue SS
Source: Cadernos de Saude Publica. 2008 Jun;24(6):1447-1453.
Abstract: This study evaluated the association between use of misoprostol and other drugs to induce menstruation, and congenital anomalies. A sample of 4,856 pregnant women 20 years and older were enrolled consecutively in prenatal services in the Unified National Health System, in six Brazilian State capitals. Data on socio-demographics and use of medicines were obtained using an interview from the 21st to 28th week of pregnancy. Other data, including information on delivery and diagnosis of congenital anomalies by the attending neonatal physician were obtained from patient charts. Potential confounders were adjusted by logistic regression. Use of drugs to induce menstruation was reported by 707 women (14.6%), of whom 120 (17%) reported use of misoprostol. After adjusting for the study center, a positive association was observed between misoprostol and congenital anomalies (OR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.03-6.75); a positive association was also observed for sex hormones (OR = 2.24; 95%CI: 1.06-4.74). The results suggest that the use of misoprostol or sex hormones during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital anomalies. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | MISOPROSTOL | GESTATIONAL AGE | ABORTION | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | Developing Countries | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Prostaglandins, Synthetic | Prostaglandins | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology | Fetus | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases
Document Number: 327454 Notification

14.
Title: [Dysmenorrhea in pediatric and adolescent gynaecology] Bolesne miesiaczkowanie w ginekologii dzieciecej i dziewczecej.
Author: Drosdzol A; Skrzypulec V
Source: Ginekologia Polska. 2008 Jul;79(7):499-503.
Abstract: Dysmenorrhea is the most common problem in pediatric and adolescent gynaecology and it reaches approximately 20-90% of adolescents and young adult females. Dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls is usually primary and is associated with normal ovulatory cycles and with no pelvic pathology. Secondary dysmenorrhea, associated with some pelvic pathology, constitutes approximately 10% of the cases and its most frequent reasons are: endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, congenital mullerian anomalies and ovarian cysts. Prostaglandins and leukotriens play a significant role in etiopathogenesis of the primary dysmenorrhea. The therapy of the primary dysmenorrheal in adolescent girls involves: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for at least 3 months, combined with oral contraceptives for at least 3-6 menstrual cycles, as well as dietary supplementation, other alternative therapies (vitamins, herbal remedies, acupuncture, TENS) and surgical treatment Secondary causes of dysmenorrhea should be considered in adolescents with dysmenorrhea who do not respond to the treatment. The role of the pediatric and adolescent gynaecologist is to diagnose the reason of symptoms, educate the patient, review effective treatment options as well as to restore normal daily functioning.
Language: Polish
Keywords:
RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS, FEMALE | DYSMENORRHEA | ENDOMETRIOSIS | PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE | OVARIAN CYSTS | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS | DIET | TREATMENT | Adolescents | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Menstruation Disorders | Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Nutrition | Health | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care
Document Number: 329467

15.

Peer Reviewed

Title: The prevalence of congenital malaria among neonates with suspected sepsis in Calabar, Nigeria.
Author: Ekanem AD; Anah MU; Udo JJ
Source: Tropical Doctor. 2008 Apr;38(2):73-76.
Abstract: We studied the prevalence of congenital malaria among neonates with suspected sepsis and its outcome at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria. All in-born neonates admitted to the newborn unit with clinical features suggestive of sepsis were recruited. They were screened for bacterial sepsis and malaria. The mothers of the neonates that had parasitaemia were further screened for malaria and anaemia. A total of 546 in-born neonates were admitted to the neonatal unit and 202 (37%) presented with clinical signs suggested of sepsis. Of these, 71 babies (35% of 202 or 13% of the total in-born nursery admissions) had congenital malaria and 14 also had sepsis. Sixty-three (88.7%) of the parasitaemic babies were delivered by mothers who received antenatal care at our centre. Eighty-six percent of the mothers of the 71 babies also had the malaria parasite in their blood. The majority (67%) of the 71 mothers were gravidae 2 and below. Thirty (42.3%) of the affected neonates were anaemic and 5 (7%) of them required a blood transfusion. Congenital malarial is not uncommon in Calabar among babies with suspected sepsis. It appears that the antenatal chemoprophylaxis with pyrimethamine (25mg weekly) currently used for malaria in our centre no longer protects the mother and fetus. An alternative is needed in order to stem maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and wastage. Babies with features of sepsis should be routinely screened for malaria.
Language: English
Keywords:
NIGERIA | SUMMARY REPORT | PREVALENCE | NEONATAL DISEASES AND ABNORMALITIES | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | MALARIA | MORBIDITY | ANEMIA | DISEASE TRANSMISSION CONTROL | SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS | TREATMENT | DRUG RESISTANCE | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Measurement | Research Methodology | Diseases | Parasitic Diseases | Prevention and Control | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health
Document Number: 307989

16.
Title: [Perinatal mortality at Hospital de Ginecoobstetricia No. 23 of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, 2002-2006 period] Mortalidad perinatal en el Hospital de Ginecoobstetricia num. 23 de Monterrey,
Author: Gutierrez Saucedo ME; Hernandez Herrera RJ; Luna Garcia SA; Flores Santos R; Alcala Galvan LG; Martinez Gaytan V
Source: Ginecologia y Obstetricia de Mexico. 2008 May;76(5):243-8.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Perinatal period begins at 22 gestational weeks and ends seven days after birth. Perinatal mortality is an important quality indicator of the obstetric and pediatric care available, and representative of the population's health service. OBJECTIVE: To know fetal, early neonatal, and perinatal dead rates, and them main mortality causes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Descriptive and retrospective study at IMSS's no. 32 UMAE (Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico), from January 2002 to December 2006. Mortality rates during fetal and perinatal, or neonatal periods, were estimated per 1,000 births or 1,000 live born, respectively. RESULTS: There were 1,681 deaths: 747 stillbirths and 934 neonatal. Two hundred and nineteen (29.3%) stillbirths had 22 to 27 gestational weeks, and 528 (70.6%) had 28. Three hundred and sixty neonatal deaths (38.5%) occurred before 27th gestational week, 320 (34.2%) between weeks 28th and 35th, and 254 (27.1%) after 36 weeks of pregnancy. Seven hundred and sixty four neonates died within 0 to 6 days of life, and 170 (18%) between seventh to 28th days of life. Fetal, neonatal, early neonatal, and late neonatal mortality rates were 7.2 in 1,000 births, 9.08 in 1,000 live born, 7.42 in 1,000 live born, and 1.65 in 1,000 births, respectively, and overall perinatal mortality rate was 14.58 in 1,000 births. CONCLUSIONS: Stillbirth, early neonatal, and perinatal mortality rates of this study were under national mean. Main mortality causes (70%) were congenital defects and prematurity.
Language: Spanish
Keywords:
MEXICO | RESEARCH REPORT | RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES | FETAL DEATH | NEONATAL MORTALITY | DEATH RATE | CAUSES OF DEATH | BIRTH DEFECTS | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | North America | Americas | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Infant Mortality | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases
Document Number: 330576

17.
Title: Eugenics concept: from Plato to present.
Author: Guvercin CH; Arda B
Source: Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics. 2008;14(2):20-6.
Abstract: All prospective studies and purposes to improve cure and create a race that would be exempt of various diseases and disabilities are generally defined as eugenic procedures. They aim to create the "perfect" and "higher" human being by eliminating the "unhealthy" prospective persons. All of the supporting actions taken in order to enable the desired properties are called positive eugenic actions; the elimination of undesired properties are defined as negative eugenics. In addition, if such applications and approaches target the public as a whole, they are defined as macro-eugenics. On the other hand, if they only aim at individuals and/or families, they are called micro-eugenics. As generally acknowledged, Galton re-introduced eugenic proposals, but their roots stretch as far back as Plato. Eugenic thoughts and developments were widely accepted in many different countries beginning with the end of the 19th to the first half of the 20th centuries. Initially, the view of negative eugenics that included compulsory sterilizations of handicapped, diseased and "lower" classes, resulted in tens of thousands being exterminated especially in the period of Nazi Germany. In the 1930s, the type of micro positive eugenics movement found a place within the pro-natalist policies of a number of countries. However, it was unsuccessful since the policy was not able to become effective enough and totally disappeared in the 1960s. It was no longer a fashionable movement and left a deep impression on public opinion after the long years of war. However, developments in genetics and its related fields have now enabled eugenic thoughts to reappear under the spotlight and this is creating new moral dilemmas from an ethical perspective.
Language: English
Keywords:
TURKEY | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | GENETICS | POPULATION GENETICS | ETHICS | PUBLIC HEALTH | HEALTH POLICY | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | Europe, Southeastern | Europe | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Biology | Sociocultural Factors | Health | Policy | Political Factors | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases
Document Number: 329494

18.

Title: Fetal gender screening by ultrasound at 11 to 13 +6 weeks.
Author: Hsiao CH; Wang HC; Hsieh CF; Hsu JJ
Source: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2008;87(1):8-13.
Abstract: The objective was to survey the accuracy of fetal gender determination during first trimester screening and scan for congenital anomalies. A prospective observational study was performed on 496 singleton pregnancies at the first trimester ultrasound screening. The doctor was a certified sonographer of first trimester screening by the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF). Ultrasound examination was performed on a GE Voluson 730 Pro, transabdominally, between 11 and 13/+6 weeks. Both transverse and mid-sagittal planes of a section of the fetal genital tubercle were performed to identify the gender. The subsequent gender at birth was obtained from karyotyping reports or hospital birth records. During the study, 496 patients requested gender information at the time of first trimester screening. Of the patients it was possible to determine gender (441 out of 496), the scan achieved an overall success rate of 91.8% in correctly identifying gender. The success rate for correctly identifying fetal gender (where identification was possible) increased with gestational age, from 71.9% at 11 weeks, 92% at 12 weeks, and 98.3% at 13 weeks, respectively, where gestational age was calculated from the crown-rump length in conjunction with menstrual or ovulation dating (p less than 0.001). Of the 55 cases where no identification of gender was possible, 39 were in the 11-week gestational age group, representing 40.6% of this category. The overall fetal gender accuracy rate for male fetus was slightly better than female (92.5 versus 91.2%), but was not statistically significant. This study demonstrated that the gestational age of the fetus has a material effect on the accuracy rate of gender determination. At 12 weeks and over, the average success rate for correctly identifying gender, where gender identification was possible, was 94.8%, with the accuracy at 13 weeks of 98.3% approaching that achieved by invasive testing. Fetal gender identification at 11 weeks (where crown-rump length is less than 57 mm) is difficult and liable to high rates of inaccuracy when a determination is made. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
TAIWAN | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | PREGNANT WOMEN | SEX DETERMINATION | SCREENING | ULTRASONICS | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | PREGNANCY, FIRST TRIMESTER | RELIABILITY | GESTATIONAL AGE | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Genetic Techniques | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Measurement | Fetus
Document Number: 325876

19.

Title: Male gender identity in an XX individual with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Author: Jorge JC; Echeverri C; Medina Y; Acevedo P
Source: Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2008 Jan;5(1):122-131.
Abstract: In spite of significant changes in the management policies of intersexuality, clinical evidence show that not all pubertal or adult individuals live according to the assigned sex during infancy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical management of an individual diagnosed as a female pseudohermaphrodite with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) simple virilizing form four decades ago but who currently lives as a monogamous heterosexual male. We studied the clinical files spanning from 1965 to 1991 of an intersex individual. In addition, we conducted a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the abdominoplevic cavity and a series of interviews using the oral history method. Our analysis is based on the clinical evidence that led to the CAH diagnosis in the 1960s in light of recent clinical testing to confirm such diagnosis. Analysis of reported values for 17-ketosteroids, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, from 24-hour urine samples during an 8-year period showed poor adrenal suppression inspite of adherence to treatment. A recent MRI study confirmed the presence of hyperplastic adrenal glands as well as the presence of a prepubertal uterus. Semistructured interviews with the individual confirmed a life history consistent with a male gender identity. Although the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that XX intersex individuals with CAH should be assigned to the female sex, this practice harms some individuals as they may self-identify as males. In the absence of comorbid psychiatric factors, the discrepancy between infant sex assignment and gender identity later in life underlines the need for a reexamination of current standards of care for individuals diagnosed with CAH. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
PUERTO RICO | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | CASE STUDIES | WOMEN | MEN | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | ADRENAL CORTEX EFFECTS | SEXUALITY | PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | Caribbean | Americas | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Studies | Demographic Factors | Population | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Endocrine Effects | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology | Personality | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health
Document Number: 323234

20.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Maternal obesity and neonatal congenital cardiovascular defects.
Author: Khalil HS; Saleh AM; Subhani SN
Source: International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2008 Sep;102(3):232-236.
Abstract: Objective: To determine whether isolated congenital heart defects (CHDs) were associated with maternal obesity. Method: In a retrospective study we compared the incidence and severity of isolated CHDs in the offspring of 428 women divided into 3 groups, one of women of normal weight (n=141), one of obese women (n=228), and one of morbidly obese women (n=59) according to their body mass index. Results: There were 143 mild (66.8%), 44 moderate (20.6%), and 27 complex (12.6%) forms of CHDs in the offspring and septal defects were the most common (61.7%). No significant differences were found among the 3 groups of women regarding the type or severity of CHDs in their respective offspring, or the corrective cardiac surgery required. Conclusion: No association was found between maternal weight and isolated CHDs in the offspring.
Language: English
Keywords:
SAUDI ARABIA | RESEARCH REPORT | RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES | INCIDENCE | PREGNANT WOMEN | INFANT, PREMATURE | OBESITY | HEART DISEASES | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | Middle East | Developing Countries | Studies | Research Methodology | Measurement | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Infant | Youth | Age Factors | Body Weight | Physiology | Biology | Diseases | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities
Document Number: 308278

21.

Title: Pregnancy and contraception in congenital heart disease: what women are not told [letter]
Author: Kovacs AH; Harrison JL; Colman JM; Sermer M; Siu SC
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2008 Aug 12;52(7):577-8.
Abstract: As increased numbers of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) survive to adulthood, more women with CHD are reaching reproductive age. Contraception and pregnancy have now become important issues in this population; however, both can be associated with increased risks in women with CHD (1). Other issues, such as adverse fetal outcomes in these women and transmission of CHD to offspring must be addressed. Current guidelines for the care of adults with CHD recommend proactive counseling regarding issues of contraception and pregnancy (2-5). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether women with CHD have adequate knowledge regarding risks of contraception and pregnancy. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
CANADA | RESEARCH REPORT | QUESTIONNAIRES | COHORT ANALYSIS | WOMEN | HEART DISEASES | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | PREGNANCY | PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS | CONTRACEPTION | RISK FACTORS | RISK ASSESSMENT | KNOWLEDGE | North America, Northern | Americas | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Diseases | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Reproduction | Family Planning | Biology | Evaluation | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 328224

22.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Verbal autopsy methods to ascertain birth asphyxia deaths in a community-based setting in southern Nepal.
Author: Lee AC; Mullany LC; Tielsch JM; Katz J; Khatry SK
Source: Pediatrics. 2008 May;121(5):e1372-e1380.
Abstract: The goals of this study were to (1) develop an approach to ascertain birth asphyxia deaths by using verbal autopsy data from a community-based setting in Nepal, and (2) explore variations in birth asphyxia mortality fractions by using different birth asphyxia case definitions and hierarchical classifications. Data were prospectively collected during a cluster-randomized, community-based trial of health interventions on neonatal mortality in Sarlahi, Nepal from 2002 to 2006. To assign cause of death, 4 computer-assigned, symptom-based asphyxia case definitions; Nepali physician classification; and our independent review of verbal autopsy open narratives were used. Various hierarchical classification approaches to assign cause of death were also explored. Birth asphyxia specific mortality ranged from 26% to 54%, depending on the computer case definition used. There was poor agreement between computer and physician classification of birth asphyxia. By comparing computer results, physician results, and our independent ascertainment of cause of death, we identified 246 cases of birth asphyxia (32% of neonatal deaths). Allowing for greater than 1 cause of death, 30% and 42% of asphyxia cases also met criteria for prematurity and serious infection, respectively. When a hierarchy was used to assign a single cause of death, the birth asphyxia proportionate mortality was reduced to 12% when identification of deaths because of congenital anomalies, prematurity, and serious infections preceded birth asphyxia. The use of various verbal autopsy definitions and hierarchical approaches to assign cause of death may substantially affect estimates of birth asphyxia-specific mortality and analyses of risk factors. Verbal autopsy methods need to be standardized and validated to generate accurate global estimates to direct policy and resource allocation in low-middle-income countries. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
NEPAL | RESEARCH REPORT | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | CLINICAL TRIALS | INFANT | NEONATAL MORTALITY | RISK FACTORS | OXYGEN | PULMONARY EFFECTS | CAUSES OF DEATH | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Clinical Research | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Infant Mortality | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Biology | Inorganic Chemicals | Ingredients and Chemicals | Physiology | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Economic Factors
Document Number: 326574

23.

Title: Effect of fetal diagnosis on the outcomes of second-trimester pregnancy termination for fetal abnormalities: a pilot study.
Author: Lo TK; Lau WL; Lai FK; Lam HS; Tse HY
Source: Journal of Maternal - Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 2008 Aug;21(8):523-7.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore whether the outcomes of second-trimester pregnancy termination for fetal abnormalities are affected by fetal diagnoses. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of cases undergoing second-trimester pregnancy termination for the fetal diagnoses of hemoglobin Barts, trisomy 21, and trisomy 18 during the period from 1999 to 2006. The affected pregnancies were terminated by vaginal misoprostol. The outcome measures were: (1) abortion within 24 hours after misoprostol commencement, (2) histology-confirmed incomplete abortion, and (3) experience of significant side effects during termination (temperature over 39 degrees C or need for metoclopramide for vomiting). RESULTS: One hundred and twenty cases were available for analysis. After adjusting for maternal age, parity, history of cesarean delivery, body mass index, gestation, and fetal hydrops, pregnancy termination for trisomy 21 was associated with a higher risk of incomplete abortion than trisomy 18 and hemoglobin Barts (odds ratio 5.25, 95% confidence interval 1.24-22.19, p = 0.024). The chance of abortion within 24 hours and experience of significant side effects were not found to be associated with fetal diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy termination for trisomy 21 is associated with a higher risk of incomplete abortion. Fetal diagnosis affects the outcome of pregnancy termination.
Language: English
Keywords:
HONG KONG | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | PILOT PROJECTS | RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES | FETUS | PREGNANCY, SECOND TRIMESTER | ABORTION | EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL | MISOPROSTOL | TIME FACTORS | FETAL VIABILITY | Asia, Eastern | Asia | Developed Countries | Research Methodology | Studies | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Hemic System | Physiology | Biology | Prostaglandins, Synthetic | Prostaglandins | Endocrine System | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population
Document Number: 329124 Notification

24.

25.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Congenital Plasmodium falciparum infection in neonates in Muheza district, Tanzania.
Author: Mwangoka GW; Kimera SI; Mboera LE
Source: Malaria Journal. 2008 Jul 3;7(117):[24] p.
Abstract: Background: Although recent reports on congenital malaria suggest that the incidence is increasing, it is difficult to determine whether the clinical disease is due to parasites acquired before delivery or as a result of contamination by maternal blood at birth. Understanding of the method of parasite acquisition is important for estimating the time incidence of congenital malaria and design of preventive measures. The aim of this study was to determine whether the first Plasmodium falciparum malaria disease in infants is due to same parasites present on the placenta at birth. Methods: Babies born to mothers with P. falciparum parasites on the placenta detected by PCR were followed up to two years and observed for malaria episodes. Paired placental and infant peripheral blood samples at first malaria episode within first three months of life were genotyped (msp2) to determine genetic relatedness. Selected amplifications from nested PCR were sequenced and compared between pairs. Results: Eighteen (19.1%) out of 95 infants who were followed up developed clinical malaria within the first three months of age. Eight pairs (60%) out of 14 pairs of sequenced placental and cord samples were genetically related while six (40%) were genetically unrelated. One pair (14.3%) out of seven pairs of sequenced placental and infants samples were genetically related. In addition, infants born from primigravidae mothers were more likely to be infected with P. falciparum (P< 0.001) as compared to infants from secundigravidae and multigravidae mothers during the two years of follow up. Infants from multigravidae mothers 3 got the first P. falciparum infection earlier than those from secundigravidae and primigravidae mothers (RR = 1.43) Conclusion: Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites present on the placenta as detected by PCR are more likely to result in clinical disease (congenital malaria) in the infant during the first three months of life. However, sequencing data seem to question the validity of this likelihood. Therefore, the relationship between placental parasites and first clinical disease need to be confirmed in larger studies. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
TANZANIA | RESEARCH REPORT | VALIDITY | INCIDENCE | INFANT | MALARIA | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | Africa, Eastern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Measurement | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Parasitic Diseases | Diseases | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities
Document Number: 327896

26.
Title: Congenital rubella syndrome in infants of women vaccinated during or just before pregnancy with measles-rubella vaccine.
Author: Namaei MH; Ziaee M; Naseh N
Source: Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2008 Jun;127(6):551-4.
Abstract: BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Measles and Rubella Control Campaign was conducted in Iran in December 2003 targeting both males and females 5 to 25 yr old using measles-rubella vaccine. During the campaign, some pregnant women received vaccine during the first trimester of pregnancy or some others became pregnant shortly thereafter. The goal of this study was to evaluate the risk of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) among the infants born to the vaccinated mothers. METHODS: A total of 106 pregnant women, who had received vaccine during the first trimester of pregnancy or become pregnant less than three months after vaccination were included in the study for comparison 40 pregnant women without rubella vaccine were also included. The mothers' blood samples at the time of delivery, infants' cord blood and blood samples at the end of the second month of birth of sixty children whose parents agreed about blood sampling, were tested for rubella IgM and IgG antibodies using ELISA method. RESULTS: There were 107 live births in the exposed group and 42 in the control group. Serological study showed no IgM rubella antibody in the maternal and infant cord blood; it was not found in the second blood specimens of 60 infants tested at 8 wk of age. IgG rubella antibody was positive in all infants' cord blood but it decreased in the second blood specimens of the infants. None of the children exhibited signs of congenital rubella syndrome. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Finding of our study showed that none of the infants born to mothers vaccinated by MR vaccine during the first trimester of pregnancy or had become pregnant within three months after vaccination, had CRS.
Language: English
Keywords:
IRAN | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | CASE CONTROL STUDIES | INFANT | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | PREGNANT WOMEN | PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION | IMMUNIZATION | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION | RUBELLA | MEASLES | PREGNANCY, FIRST TRIMESTER | Middle East | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Studies | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Disease Transmission Control | Prevention and Control | Diseases | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Transmission | Infections | Viral Diseases | Pregnancy | Reproduction
Document Number: 329046

27.

Title: Women's attitude to prenatal screening services for congenital abnormalities in Nigeria.
Author: Oloyede OA; Oyedele RA
Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2008 May;28(4):406-7.
Abstract: The article discusses the survey on the attitude of Nigerian women to the prenatal screening services for congenital abnormalities. The delivery of the baby without congenital malfunction is the major goal of good antenatal care service and in order to achieve this, the most favorable condition for screening is in the early pregnancy. About 740 women were selected from different health institutions, 75% of them are aware of the prenatal screening and 50% had screened in their previous pregnancy.
Language: English
Keywords:
NIGERIA | RESEARCH REPORT | SCREENING | PREGNANT WOMEN | ATTITUDES | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | ANTENATAL CARE | EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Maternal Health Services | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Economic Factors
Document Number: 328984

28.

Title: Congenital hydrocele: prevalence and outcome among male children who underwent neonatal circumcision in Benin City, Nigeria.
Author: Osifo OD; Osaigbovo EO
Source: Journal of Pediatric Urology. 2008 Jun;4(3):178-82.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and spontaneous resolution of congenital hydrocele diagnosed in male neonates who underwent circumcision at our centre. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All male neonates presented for circumcision at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria between January 2002 and December 2006 were examined for the presence of hydrocele. Those diagnosed with this condition were recruited and followed up in a surgical outpatient clinic for 2 years. The number of cases of spontaneous resolution and age at which this occurred were documented on a structured pro forma. RESULTS: A total of 2715 neonates were circumcised and 128 (4.7%) were diagnosed with 163 cases of hydrocele, while 27 cases in 25 (0.9%) children failed to resolve at the age of 2 years. Neonatal hydrocele was bilateral in 112 (68.7%), and there were 20 (12.3%) right and 31 (19.0%) left. Among those with hydrocele, 28.1% were delivered preterm and resolution was spontaneous in many of them, with no observed significant statistical difference to those delivered full term (P=0.4740). Of the 163 hydrocele cases, 136 (83.4%) resolved spontaneously by age 18 months with peak resolution at 4-6 months. No spontaneous resolution occurred after 18 months and no hydrocele-related complication occurred during follow up. CONCLUSION: Neonates with congenital hydrocele should be observed for spontaneous resolution for at least 18 months before being subjected to surgery.
Language: English
Keywords:
NIGERIA | RESEARCH REPORT | PREVALENCE | INFANT | INFANT, PREMATURE | CHILD, MALE | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | SURGERY | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Measurement | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Child | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities | Diseases | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health
Document Number: 328666

29.

Title: Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Trinidad and Tobago.
Author: Ramsewak S; Gooding R; Ganta K; Seepersadsingh N; Adesiyun AA
Source: Revista Panamericana de Salud P�blica / Pan American Journal of Public Health. 2008 Mar 31;23(3):164-170.
Abstract: The objective was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and the frequency of risk factors for the disease in women attending antenatal clinics in hospitals and local health centers in Trinidad and Tobago. From November 2002-September 2003, 232 pregnant women at the antenatal clinics of two large hospitals were sampled during their first trimesters. From October 2003-February 2005, 218 pregnant women at five health care centers were followed through three trimesters, wherever possible, and blood samples collected. Sera were screened for Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM immunoglobulins using an enzyme immunoassay. Data on demographics, as well as practices considered to be risk factors for toxoplasmosis, were obtained. Of the 232 women sampled at the two hospital clinics, 83 (35.8%) and 8 (3.4%) were seropositive for immunoglobulins of T. gondii IgG and IgM, respectively. Of the 218 women at the health centers, 76 (34.9%) had evidence of past infection (IgG), while 26 (11.9%) were seropositive for IgM immunoglobulin, suggesting new infections during pregnancy. Only having "3 or more" children was significantly associated with infection by T. gondii. In Trinidad and Tobago, the seroprevalence of past infection by T. gondii in pregnant women is relatively low (39.3%) for patients in both hospital and health center clinics. Consequently, there is an elevated risk of primary infection during pregnancy and the potential for congenital infection. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO | RESEARCH REPORT | CLIENTS | PREGNANT WOMEN | BLOOD | INFECTIONS | LABORATORY PROCEDURES | ANTENATAL CARE | SCREENING | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | Developing Countries | Caribbean | Americas | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Hemic System | Physiology | Biology | Diseases | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Maternal Health Services | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities
Document Number: 326161

30.
Title: Missed opportunities for congenital syphilis and HIV perinatal transmission prevention.
Author: Rodrigues CS; Guimaraes MD; Cesar CC
Source: Revista de Saude Publica. 2008 Oct;42(5):851-8.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of missed opportunities for congenital syphilis and HIV prevention in pregnant women who had access to prenatal care and to assess factors associated to non-testing of these infections. METHODS: Cross-sectional study comprising a randomly selected sample of 2,145 puerperal women who were admitted in maternity hospitals for delivery or curettage and had attended at least one prenatal care visit, in Brazil between 1999 and 2000. No syphilis and/or anti-HIV testing during pregnancy was a marker for missed prevention opportunity. Women who were not tested for either or both were compared to those who had at least one syphilis and one anti-HIV testing performed during pregnancy (reference category). The prevalence of missed prevention opportunity was estimated for each category with 95% confidence intervals. Factors independently associated with missed prevention opportunity were assessed through multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of missed prevention opportunity for syphilis or anti-HIV was 41.2% and 56.0%, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that race/skin color (non-white), schooling (<8 years), marital status (single), income (<3 monthly minimum wages), having sex during pregnancy, history of syphilis prior to the current pregnancy, number of prenatal care visits (<6), and last prenatal visit before the third trimester of gestation were associated with an increased risk of missed prevention opportunity. A negative association with missed prevention opportunity was found between marital status (single), prenatal care site (hospital) and first prenatal visit in the third trimester of gestation. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of non-tested women indicate failures in preventive and control actions for HIV infection and congenital syphilis. Pregnant women have been discontinuing prenatal care at an early stage and are failing to undergo prenatal screening for HIV and syphilis.
Language: English
Keywords:
BRAZIL | RESEARCH REPORT | CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS | PREVALENCE | PREGNANT WOMEN | ANTENATAL CARE | SYPHILIS | HIV INFECTIONS | CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | South America, Eastern | South America | Latin America | Americas | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Measurement | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Maternal Health Services | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases | Viral Diseases | Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities
Document Number: 331160


	Information & Knowledge for Optimal Health (INFO) Project 111 Market Place Suite 310, Baltimore, MD 21202 Phone: 410-659-6300 Fax: 410-659-6266 Security & Privacy Policy