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Title: Success story: Bangladesh averts a stock crisis with help from the USAID | DELIVER PROJECT.
Author: John Snow [JSI]. DELIVER
Source: Arlington, Virginia, JSI, DELIVER, 2009 Apr. [2] p. (USAID Deliver Project, Task Order 1)
Abstract: In the fall of 2007, the Ministry of Health in Bangladesh faced a severe shortage of condoms in the public sector; countrywide stockouts were very likely. A shipment was underway, but despite negotiated contracts, the supplier made some last minute changes that were unacceptable to the Government of Bangladesh (GoB). While the GoB and the supplier continued to negotiate, the condom supply dwindled. December 2007 approached, and the condom stocks continued to go down. It soon became clear that negotiations with the supplier were not going to be resolved in time to head off a countrywide stockout of public sector condoms. As always, the Directorate General of Family Planning (DGFP) and the USAID | DELIVER PROJECT jointly monitored the consumption and pipeline for public sector products; the project kept the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and other partners informed of the potential stock issues. The USAID | DELIVER PROJECT, in discussions with DGFP and local stakeholders, pursued various options for alleviating this short-term problem, including moving up other procurement ship dates and borrowing supplies. These solutions, however, would not be enough to fill the gap in time. At this point, after the project alerted USAID to the potential stockout, they agreed to airlift 6 million condoms to Bangladesh-in time to prevent a stockout. The project worked closely with the DGFP, with USAID in Washington and in Dhaka, as well as with the Bangladesh Social Marketing Company (SMC) to get the condoms into the country and through the various tiers of the supply chain. SMC, a recipient of USAID-donated condoms, agreed to receive and clear the emergency condom donation-the shipment came into the country quickly, without any disruption. In just one month, Bangladesh had received the USAID-donated condoms in-country, and the condoms were on their way through the supply chain to the end user. This action successfully averted a full blown stockout and gave the government time to sort out issues with the supplier. The contract negotiation was eventually completed and the first shipment arrived in-country in March 2008. At the time of delivery, condoms were still available because fewer condoms than usual were distributed during the shortages.
Language: English
Keywords:
BANGLADESH | SUMMARY REPORT | DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEYS | CONDOMS | CONTRACEPTIVE SECURITY | CONTRACEPTIVE IMPORTATION | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Demographic Surveys | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Contraceptive Availability | Family Planning Program Administration | Family Planning Programs
Document Number: 339992

Title: Public health procurement guide 2010.
Author: United States. Agency for International Development [USAID]; John Snow [JSI]. DELIVER
Source: Arlington, Virginia, JSI, DELIVER, 2009. [45] p. (USAID Contract No. GPO-I-01-06-00007-00)
Abstract: USAID's Public Health Procurement Guide 2010 is an annual publication of current contraceptive and condom ordering procedures for missions. It includes USAID contraceptive ordering procedures and guidance on how to use logistics data and forecasts to calculate contraceptive requirements.
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | MANUAL | STANDARDS | LOGISTICS | CONTRACEPTION | CONDOMS | COLD CHAIN | CONTRACEPTIVE DISTRIBUTION | DISTRIBUTIONAL ACTIVITIES | CONTRACEPTIVE SECURITY | Research Methodology | Management | Organization and Administration | Family Planning | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Program Activities | Programs | Contraceptive Availability
Document Number: 331472

5.
Title: Acquiring allergen information from condom manufacturers: a questionnaire survey.
Author: Blyumin ML; Rouhani P; Avashia NJ; Jacob SE
Source: Dermatitis. 2009 May-Jun;20(3):161-70.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Allergic contact dermatitis from condoms is a problem that carries significant morbidity and that has been increasingly reported due to the use of condoms to prevent sexually transmitted diseases as well as for birth control. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the process by which condom manufacturing companies divulge product allergen information to health care professionals. METHODS: An interviewer-administered telephone questionnaire eliciting the staff member's knowledge of condom allergens was utilized. Eligible respondents were condom manufacturers' service staff over 18 years of age. RESULTS: Complete surveys were obtained regarding 36 (85.7%) of the 42 subtypes of condoms. Telephoning was the primary (75%) method of obtaining allergen information. The majority (63.9%) of the information was obtained within minutes to hours of the initial contact. Nearly two-thirds of the interviews evaluated the condom manufacturers' service staff as good and effective in their knowledge base and in providing product information. CONCLUSION: The study determined that the extent of knowledge, helpfulness, and effectiveness of the customer service personnel in relaying product allergen information to clinicians were generally good. The study additionally generated a reference table outlining the common allergens in major manufactured condoms.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | FAMILY PLANNING PERSONNEL | CONDOMS | ALLERGIC REACTION | DERMATITIS | INFORMATION | KNOWLEDGE | INTERVIEWS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Family Planning Programs | Family Planning | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Signs and Symptoms | Diseases | Sociocultural Factors | Data Collection
Document Number: 341311

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Title: Factor structure of the Condoms Barriers Scale with a sample of men at high risk for HIV.
Author: Doyle SR; Calsyn DA; Ball SA
Source: Assessment. 2009 Mar;16(1):3-15.
Abstract: This study assesses the psychometric properties of the Condom Barriers Scale (CBS), an instrument originally designed to measure women's perceptions and attitudes regarding male condom use, with a sample of men at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Participants include 590 male patients in drug abuse treatment involved in a gender-specific HIV prevention intervention for teaching safer sex skills. Second-order confirmatory factor analysis generally supported the underlying four-factor subscale structure of the CBS. However, exploratory factor analysis revealed a few specific discrepancies in the factor structure between men and women. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability estimates were moderate to high in value. CBS scores correlated with use of condoms for men with high-risk sexual partners, supporting criterion-related validity. Overall, the analysis indicates that the CBS is a potentially valid and reliable instrument and has utility for assessing barriers to condom use with men, but may need some item content modifications to allow appropriate assessment of gender differences and comparisons across studies.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA ANALYSIS | RELIABILITY | PRE-POST TESTS | MEN | CONDOMS | SEX EDUCATION | RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR | BARRIER METHODS | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Research Methodology | Measurement | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Education | Behavior | Diseases
Document Number: 330489

Title: Condom provision and education in Minnesota public schools: a telephone survey of parents.
Author: Eisenberg ME; Bernat DH; Bearinger LH; Resnick MD
Source: Journal of School Health. 2009 Sep;79(9):416-24; quiz 438-9.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing correct and consistent condom use among sexually active adolescents continues to be a critical public health goal, with schools serving as key agents for achieving this goal through sexuality education and condom use provision. This research aims to describe the views of parents regarding school-based condom distribution and education programs, and examines how these views differ across demographic groups. METHODS: Parents of school-age children in Minnesota were surveyed in telephone interviews (N = 1605; 63% participation) regarding their beliefs about condom availability and education. Chi-square tests of significance were used to detect differences in agreement with each statement for 10 demographic and personal characteristics. RESULTS: A majority of respondents held supportive views about condom availability and education programs. Strongest support centered on statements in the survey about teenagers needing information about condoms (86%) and showing actual condoms during classroom lessons (77%). Approximately two thirds of the parents agreed that school-based instruction about condoms should be "allowed" at the high school level (65%), and one fifth (21%) believed that this type of education should be "required." Support for condom availability and education programs differed significantly according to certain personal characteristics, with less supportive views from self-identified Born Again Christians and politically conservative parents. CONCLUSIONS: Public discourse regarding school-based sexuality education should include the viewpoints of parents of school-aged children as key stakeholders. Parents' perspectives provide unique and critical insights that school administrators and educators should consider as they develop educational and programmatic offerings regarding condoms.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | MINNESOTA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | PARENTS | BELIEFS | SEX EDUCATION | CONDOMS | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Culture | Education | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 342559

Peer Reviewed

Title: Contraception for adolescents.
Author: French RS; Cowan FM
Source: Best Practice and Research. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2009 Apr;23(2):233-247.
Abstract: Ensuring that sexually active adolescents are using contraception consistently and correctly is an effective means of reducing unplanned pregnancy. Use of highly effective long-acting reversible methods, such as subdermal implants, is low. We need to challenge the perception that the pill and condoms, the most commonly used contraceptive methods, are always the most suitable methods for young people. Changes in adolescent sexual behaviour, including increased number of sexual partners, is consistent with a rise in sexually transmitted infections. No contraceptive methods, with the exception of male or female sterilisation, are contra-indicated solely on the grounds of age. Young people need to be counselled about both the benefits and risks associated with each method so that they can make an informed choice. Most of the clinical evidence on contraceptive use comes from studies of 'older' women, with little research identified that specifically addressed implications for adolescent contraceptive use.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED KINGDOM | RESEARCH REPORT | ADOLESCENTS | CONTRACEPTION | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | CONDOMS | Developed Countries | Europe, Western | Europe | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Planning | Contraceptive Methods | Barrier Methods
Document Number: 329656

Peer Reviewed

Title: Condom Access in South African Schools: Law, Policy, and Practice.
Author: Han J; Bennish ML
Source: PLoS Medicine. 2009 Jan 20;6(1):e6.
Abstract: Summary points of the article are: 1) South Africa's recently adopted Children's Act provides children the right to access reproductive health services as a way of addressing the HIV pandemic, but there remains confusion about how socially divisive rights provided for by the Act, such as condom access for youth, will be achieved; 2) The Children's Act, together with South African government policies, allows individual schools to decide whether to distribute condoms, but most school staff are unaware of South African policy and regulations governing condom provision in schools; 3) Because of confusing and contradictory government policies and public pronouncements regarding provision of condoms in public schools, few schools have undertaken to provide condoms, leaving students, especially in rural areas, with few options for obtaining them; 4) PEPFAR regulations potentially conflict with South African law by prohibiting PEPFAR-funded organizations from distributing condoms in schools or providing condom information to youth aged 14 and under; and 5) The current South African government's policy of leaving the decision of whether to distribute condoms in schools to the School Governing Body of individual schools, rather than enacting a clear national policy, is unlikely to be an effective public health strategy for improving access to condoms for the population of youths at high risk for HIV.
Language: English
Keywords:
SOUTH AFRICA | SUMMARY REPORT | CHILDREN | ADOLESCENTS | HEALTH POLICY | REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS | CONDOMS | LEGISLATION | ATTITUDES | HIV PREVENTION | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Policy | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Human Rights | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Psychological Factors | Behavior | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases
Document Number: 329660

10.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Sub-Saharan African university students' beliefs about condoms, condom-use intention, and subsequent condom use: a prospective study.
Author: Heeren GA; Jemmott 3d JB; Mandeya A; Tyler JC
Source: AIDS and Behavior. 2009 Apr;13(2):268-276.
Abstract: This study examined whether certain behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, and control beliefs predict the intention to use condoms and subsequent condom use among 320 undergraduates at a university in South Africa. The students completed confidential questionnaires on two occasions separated by three months. Participants' mean age was 23.4 years, 47.8% were women, 48.9% were South Africans, and 51.1% were from other sub-Saharan African countries. Multiple regression revealed that condom-use intention was predicted by hedonistic behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs regarding sexual partners and peers, and control beliefs regarding condom-use technical skill and impulse control. Logistic regression revealed that baseline condom-use intention predicted consistent condom use and condom use during most recent intercourse at three-month follow-up.
Language: English
Keywords:
SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | KAP SURVEYS | PROSPECTIVE STUDIES | FOLLOW-UP STUDIES | MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS | STUDENTS | SEXUAL PARTNERS | BELIEFS | UNIVERSITIES | CONDOMS | CONDOM USE | VALUE ORIENTATION | SAFER SEX | PEER PRESSURE | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Surveys | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Data Analysis | Education | Sex Behavior | Behavior | Culture | Sociocultural Factors | Schools | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Risk Reduction Behavior | Psychological Factors | Psychosocial Factors
Document Number: 340124

11.

Peer Reviewed

Title: HIV Incidence Rates and Risk Factors for Urban Women in Zambia: Preparing for a Microbicide Clinical Trial.
Author: Kapina M; Reid C; Roman K; Cyrus-Cameron E; Kwiecien A; Weiss S; Vermund SH
Source: Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2009 Feb 9;
Abstract: OBJECTIVES:: A preparedness study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of sites and populations following the same study procedures intended for a larger scale microbicide efficacy trial. In the process the study evaluated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence, prevalence, and risk profiles for HIV-acquisition among young women in urban Zambia. METHODS:: Women aged 16 to 49 years were screened for participation in the study that involved HIV/sexually transmitted infection testing and the assessment of sexual behavioral characteristics. Two hundred thirty-nine eligible women were enrolled and followed up for 12 months. RESULTS:: Baseline HIV prevalence at screening was 38.7% (95% CI: 34.2%-43.3%). The highest age-specific prevalence of HIV was 54.1% (95% CI: 46.3%-61.8%) seen in women aged 26 to 34 years. HIV incidence was 2.6% per 100 woman years. Pregnancy rates were high at 17.4 per 100 woman years (95% CI: 12.2-24.1). CONCLUSION:: It was concluded that our general population sample, characterized by high HIV prevalence and ongoing incidence rates despite receiving regular risk reduction counseling and free condoms qualifies for future microbicide studies.A microbicide preparedness study conducted in Lusaka, Zambia found high HIV prevalence and appreciable HIV incidence in a population of women in an urban setting.
Language: English
Keywords:
ZAMBIA | RESEARCH REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | CLINICAL TRIALS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | URBAN POPULATION | PREVALENCE | RISK FACTORS | MICROBICIDES | HIV PREVENTION | HIV INFECTIONS | INCIDENCE | CONDOMS | COUNSELING | Developing Countries | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Research Methodology | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Measurement | Health | Drugs | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Clinic Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 341501

12.
Title: Update on male contraception.
Author: Naz RK; Rowan S
Source: Current Opinion In Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2009 Jun;21(3):265-9.
Abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review current options of contraception available for men and the recent developments in the field of male contraception. RECENT FINDINGS: Current options for male contraception are the barrier methods such as condoms and the surgical methods such as vasectomy. Condoms are coital-dependent and not always reliable as they are prone to slippage and breakage. Vasectomy has the advantage of being coital-independent but is permanent. Recent surveys have shown that men want to be more involved in contraception decisions, and women trust their male partners to take an active role in this area. Nonsurgical steroidal methods comprising various derivatives of the androgens and their receptors are in various phases of clinical trials in men. The ideal male contraceptive should be coitalin-dependent, nonsurgical, reversible, effective, and should not alter androgen levels or libido. Several nonsteroidal molecules and vaccines are being investigated in animal models for male contraception. SUMMARY: Male hormonal contraception may become a reality in the near future. Nonsteroidal methods including contraceptive vaccines targeting various molecules are an exciting proposition and are under investigation.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | WEST VIRGINIA | RESEARCH REPORT | MEN | BARRIER METHODS | CONDOMS | VASECTOMY | MALE CONTRACEPTION | CONTRACEPTIVE VACCINES | TESTOSTERONE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Demographic Factors | Population | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Male Sterilization | Sterilization, Sexual | Contraception, Immunological | Androgens | Hormones | Endocrine System | Physiology | Biology
Document Number: 341313

13.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Penile dimensions and men's perceptions of condom fit and feel.
Author: Reece M; Herbenick D; Dodge B
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2009 Apr;85(2):127-31.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Sexual health professionals continue to promote correct and consistent condom use among sexually active individuals yet research indicates that some men remain resistant to using condoms because of perceptions that they do not fit properly or feel comfortable. This study empirically assessed relations between men's penile dimensions and their perceptions of condom fit and feel. METHODS: Data related to demographics, a bivariate calculation of erect penile length and circumference, and perceptions of condom fit and feel were analysed from 1661 adult men from 50 US states RESULTS: While many men reported that condoms generally fit fine and feel comfortable, at clearly identifiable intersections of length and circumference relations between penile dimensions and perceptions of condom fit and feel existed, particularly for those men who felt that condoms were "too long" (p<0.004), "too short" (p<0.001), "too loose" (p<0.047) or "too tight" (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These analyses provide empirical insights into the relations between bivariate penile dimensions (the intersection of length and circumference) and men's perceptions of the positive and negative aspects of condom fit and feel. Those men with the most negative perceptions of condom fit and feel may benefit from an assessment of their condom-related concerns as a component of community and clinic based STI prevention interventions in order to help them select from the variety of condoms in the marketplace that they may find to be better fitting or more comfortable.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | SAMPLING STUDIES | MEN | GENITALIA, MALE | SIZE | CONDOMS | PERCEPTION | CONDOM USE | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Genitalia | Urogenital System | Physiology | Biology | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Risk Reduction Behavior | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases
Document Number: 341849

14.
Peer Reviewed

Title: The free condom initiative: promoting condom availability and use in New York City.
Author: Renaud TC; Bocour A; Irvine MK; Bernstein KT; Begier EM; Sepkowitz KA; Kellerman SE; Weglein D
Source: Public Health Reports. 2009 Jul-Aug;124(4):481-9.
Abstract: In 2005, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) made free condoms available to organizations through a Web-based ordering system. In 2006, we interviewed managers and patrons about free condom availability, acquisition, and use in venues where people at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus congregate. DOHMH condom distribution increased from 5.8 million in 2004 to 17.3 million in 2006. Overall, managers reported making condoms available at 76% (309/409) of high-priority venues, but only at 40% of gay bars. Among patrons who saw free condoms, 80% (280/351) reported taking them; 73% (205/280) of those who reported taking them also reported using them. A simple, Web-based ordering system dramatically increased condom distribution. In the venues we sampled, the majority of patrons acquired and used free condoms when available and visible, suggesting that increasing free condom availability may increase use. Special efforts are needed to ensure availability at gay bars.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | NEW YORK | RESEARCH REPORT | URBAN POPULATION | CONDOMS | PROMOTION | PROGRAM EVALUATION | DISTRIBUTIONAL ACTIVITIES | CLINICAL DISTRIBUTION | COMMUNITY-BASED DISTRIBUTION | INTERNET | CONDOM USE | INTERVIEWS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Marketing | Economic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Program Activities | Nonclinical Distribution | Information Networks | Communication | Risk Reduction Behavior | Behavior | Data Collection | Research Methodology
Document Number: 342144

15.

Title: Use of contraceptive methods among women treated for bipolar disorder.
Author: Vieira da Silva Magalhaes P; Kapczinski F; Kauer-Sant'anna M
Source: Archives of Women's Mental Health. 2009 Mar 10;12:183-185.
Abstract: Contraception has been little investigated in bipolar disorder, an illness associated with impulsive sexual behavior and use of medications that are unsafe during pregnancy. In this cross-sectional survey of 136 women with bipolar disorder, prevalence of contraception use was 58.8%. Use of any method was associated in the multivariable analysis with being married, younger than 40 and having had previous pregnancies. Women diagnosed with bipolar disorder and treated in a tertiary facility use contraceptive methods suboptimally.
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERVIEWS | PREVALENCE | WOMEN | CONTRACEPTION | ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES | MENTAL HEALTH | CONDOMS | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Measurement | Demographic Factors | Population | Family Planning | Contraceptive Methods | Health | Barrier Methods
Document Number: 330575

16.

18.
Title: Global Fund financing of condoms and contraceptive security. Policy brief.
Author: John Snow [JSI]. DELIVER
Source: Arlington, Virginia, JSI, DELIVER, [2008]. 5 p. (Policy Brief)
Abstract: This brief summarizes publicly available data on the amount of Global Fund financing that has been made available for the procurement of condoms in recent years, and outlines opportunities to strengthen reproductive health commodity security through the use of Global Fund financing.
Language: English
Keywords:
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | PROGRESS REPORT | HIV/FP INTEGRATION | CONDOMS | FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES | USAID | HIV PREVENTION | FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS | Programs | Organization and Administration | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Economic Factors | Government Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases
Document Number: 327297

20.

Title: Post-shipment testing of condoms. Frequently asked questions.
Author: John Snow [JSI]. DELIVER
Source: Arlington, Virginia, JSI, DELIVER, 2008 Oct. 3 p.
Abstract: Questions concerning the definition of "post-shipment testing of condoms", the reasons why some countries require it, implementation problems, the value and necessity of PST for USAID condoms, "testing for cause" issues, quality assurance, potential challenges, and effectiveness improvement are discussed and answered.
Language: English
Keywords:
BANGLADESH | SUMMARY REPORT | CONDOMS | CONDOM FAILURE | PRE-POST TESTS | PRODUCT APPROVAL | QUALITY CONTROL | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Legislation | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 331370

21.

Title: Donor support for contraceptives and condoms for STI / HIV prevention 2008.
Author: United Nations Population Fund [UNFPA]
Source: [New York, New York], UNFPA, 2008. 30 p.
Abstract: Since 1990, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) has been tracking donor support for contraceptives and condoms for STI / HIV prevention. The Fund publishes an annual report based on this donor database to enhance the coordination among partners at all levels to continue progress toward universal access to sexual and reproductive health, as set forth in the ICPD Programme of Action and, subsequently, the Millennium Development Goals. This report represents the 2008 installment of the series and has three main sections. The first section summarizes patterns and trends�by method, by donor and by region�in donor support from 2000-2008. The second section takes a closer look at donor support for male and female condoms over time and by region. The third and final section compares aggregate donor support to global contraceptive need for 2000-2008 and provides projections of contraceptive needs through 2015. (Excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
GLOBAL | ANNUAL REPORT | UNFPA | HIV PREVENTION | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE PREVENTION | CONDOMS | FEMALE CONDOMS | CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS | FOREIGN AID | EXPENDITURES | NEEDS | UN | International Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Sexually Transmitted Diseases | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Barrier Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Vaginal Barrier Methods | Financial Activities | Economic Factors
Document Number: 331842

22.

23.
Title: Social factors, social support and condom use behavior among young urban slum inhabitants in southwest Nigeria.
Author: Adedimeji AA; Heard NJ; Odutolu O; Omololu FO
Source: East African Journal of Public Health. 2008 Dec;5(3):215-22.
Abstract: This study explored condom use behavior, specifically the extent to which beliefs, self efficacy, risk perception, and perceived social support act as predictors of use or non-use of condoms among sexually active young people aged 15�24 years. Data were obtained from 448 and 338 sexually active boys and girls, respectively, who were selected through multistage sampling techniques. Generally, there was widespread knowledge and low levels of condoms use, despite high levels of risky sexual behavior. Although half of boys and one third of girls reported ever using condoms, a considerably lower proportion of male and female adolescents regularly used condoms. Logistic regression models showed that among girls, those who perceived social support from peers and non-parental figures were more likely to use condoms while among boys, earning an income, high risk perception, and self efficacy were associated with higher odds of condom use.
Language: English
Keywords:
NIGERIA | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA ANALYSIS | URBAN POPULATION | SLUMS | YOUTH | CONDOMS | CARE AND SUPPORT | COMMUNITY-BASED DISTRIBUTION | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Urbanization | Urban Population Distribution | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Age Factors | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Nonclinical Distribution | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 331150

24.

Peer Reviewed

Title: The use of the condom-catheter for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage: the Sokoto experience.
Author: Airede LR; Nnadi DC
Source: Tropical Doctor. 2008 Apr;38(2):84-86.
Abstract: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the most common cause of maternal mortality globally. In about 50% of cases PPH is due to uterine atony. When conservative and medical methods of treating PPH due to uterine atony fail, surgical intervention is required to save the woman's life. As an alternative in such cases, intrauterine tamponade has been used successfully to stop bleeding, thus avoiding surgery. We report four cases of PPH due to uterine atony in which intrauterine tamponade with an inflated condom was effective in arresting haemorrhage. We advocate the use of a similar device in carefully selected cases, especially in low-resource settings.
Language: English
Keywords:
NIGERIA | RESEARCH REPORT | MATERNAL MORTALITY | POSTPARTUM | BLEEDING | TREATMENT | CONDOMS | PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Mortality | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Puerperium | Reproduction | Signs and Symptoms | Diseases | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning
Document Number: 308038

25.
Title: Fibroepithelial polyp of the prepuce: A rare complication of long-term condom catheter usage.
Author: Banerji JS; Shah S; Kekre NS
Source: Indian Journal of Urology. 2008 Apr;24(2):263-4.
Abstract: External urinary drainage devices are in wide clinical uses. There are only a few reports of complications from improper use of condom catheters. We present a case of fibroepithelial polyp of the penis, due to long-term usage of condom catheter. The lesion affected the ventral aspect of the penis. He was successfully treated with wide local excision. The histopathological diagnosis was a fibroepithelial polyp.
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | MEN | SURGICAL ERROR | UROGENITAL SURGERY | CONDOMS | Asia, Southern | Asia | Developing Countries | Demographic Factors | Population | Surgery | Treatment | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning
Document Number: 341314

26.

Peer Reviewed

Title: An assessment of the relationship between condom labels and HIV-related beliefs and intentions.
Author: Bleakley A; Fishbein M; Holtgrave D
Source: AIDS and Behavior. 2008 May;12(3):452-458.
Abstract: The aim of this article is to examine the impact of the FDA's proposed condom package labeling on HIV-related beliefs about condom effectiveness, on intentions to recommend condoms for friends to use, and intentions to use condoms. Using a nationally representative survey we randomized 1,194 adults ages 18-65 years into one of three condom label conditions: the current label on condom packaging; a label with the proposed FDA language; and a label with CDC language on condom effectiveness. In short, there are no significant differences between the proposed FDA label and the current label on HIV-related beliefs and intentions. In contrast, from an HIV prevention perspective, the CDC condom language appears to offer a better alternative to the current condom label for unmarried populations. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | RESEARCH REPORT | CONDOMS | USFDA | LICENSING | HIV PREVENTION | SAFETY | PACKAGING | LANGUAGE | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | USPHS | Government Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Product Approval | Legislation | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Public Health | Health | Marketing | Economic Factors | Communication
Document Number: 325902

27.

28.

Title: 2008 National Youth Shadow Report: Progress Made on the 2001 UNGASS Declaration of Commitment on HIV / AIDS. India.
Author: Borges PF; Piplani H
Source: New York, New York, Global Youth Action Network, Global Youth Coalition on HIV / AIDS, 2008. 14 p.
Abstract: A comprehensive and thorough review was undertaken by a team of youth researchers on the existing documentation and literature on HIV and AIDS policies, national plans and strategies, financial allocations, programs and schemes regarding youth access to information, education and communication (IEC) and services as well as the avenues for youth participation in the HIV/AIDS response. The information obtained was then analyzed to identify relevant achievements and gaps. Then, recommendations were made accordingly to bring in the youth perspective on the identified issues. Key Findings: 1. In National AIDS Control Plan-III (NACP III), the Government of India has finally recognized the heterogeneity of youth in India and categorized young people into three groups based on the level of their risk and vulnerability to HIV infection for effective HIV prevention programming. 2. Increasing access to condoms as well as encouraging communities to provide free testing facilities and early treatment of STIs has been identified as explicit goals by the Ministry of Youth Affairs under NACP III. 3. While the commitment of the central govt towards youth sexual and reproductive health and rights has been strengthened, several state governments still treat youth issues regarding sex and sexuality as 'foreign' and 'against Indian culture.' 4. Substantial amount of funds are being allocated to youth-oriented programs however their proper implementation and service delivery is highly dependent on regional political will as well as social perceptions, with monitoring and evaluation vague at best. 5. Several good programs targeting young people's access to HIV and AIDS services are being implemented by the government in partnership with agencies such as USAID, UNICEF etc. Nonetheless, these programs remain highly localized. 6. The role of youth participation in the country's HIV response has been significantly recognized under the NACP III. The youth potential as agents of change has been acknowledged through schemes such as Red Ribbon Clubs and training of young people as peer-educators, especially for rural districts. 7. The government has finally begun collecting age and gender specific disaggregated data for better HIV programming among youth. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
INDIA | RESEARCH REPORT | YOUTH | ADOLESCENTS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | CAMPAIGNS | NEEDS | HIV PREVENTION | PARTICIPATION | CARE AND SUPPORT | EDUCATION | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | HUMAN RIGHTS | FUNDS | CONDOMS | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southern | Asia | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Communication Programs | Communication | Economic Factors | Social Behavior | Behavior | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Financial Activities | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 326136

29.
Title: Comparing the knowledge and attitude about HIV/AIDS and the sexual behaviour of secondary school students of a missionary school and a public school.
Author: Borire AA; Oyekunle OA; Izekor T; Akinlonu A; Okanlawon AO; Noronha CC
Source: Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2008 Oct-Dec;18(4):206-10.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: A study of high school students attending a missionary school and a public school in Lagos was carried out to determine their knowledge and attitude about HIV/AIDS and to compare their sexual behaviour. METHODS: Self administered questionnaires, were used for the respondents, selected by multistage sampling and a response rate of 98% was obtained. The average age of the population was 13.6 years. There was no significant difference in the knowledge of students from both schools about HIV/AIDS. 90% of all the respondents knew the exact meaning of HIV/AIDS. Most of the students got their information from the mass media (66%) and the school (57%). Only 5% and 0.3% of missionary and public school students respectively were informed by their parents. RESULTS: There was no significant statistical association between the type of school and the occurrence of sexual intercourse. However, only 4% of sexually active missionary students used condoms compared to the 37% of the public school students. Condom usage was associated with the type of school (X2 = 1830; P-value = 0.0000189). There was also a statistically significant relationship between condom use and the age, sex and class of sexually active students (P-value = 0.00000006; 0.00000032; 0.00497073 respectively). 25% of the sexually public students had multiple sexual partners, compared to 2% for the missionary school students. There was a statistically significant relationship between the type of school and the number of sexual partners (X2 = 11.37; P-value = 0.003390). CONCLUSION: The study recommends that age-appropriate comprehensive sexuality education (including condom use) should be made available to students from both schools.
Language: English
Keywords:
NIGERIA | RESEARCH REPORT | SCHOOLS | STUDENTS | KNOWLEDGE | ATTITUDES | SEX BEHAVIOR | CONDOMS | SEX EDUCATION | NEEDS | PROGRAM APPROPRIATENESS | Developing Countries | Africa, Western | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Education | Sociocultural Factors | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | Economic Factors | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 341151

30.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Exploring HIV risk perception and behaviour in the context of antiretroviral treatment: results from a township household survey.
Author: Boulle A; Hilderbrand K; Menten J; Coetzee D; Ford N; Matthys F; Boelaert M; Van der Stuyft P
Source: AIDS Care. 2008 Aug;20(7):771-81.
Abstract: The objective of this cross-sectional household survey was to assess factors influencing HIV risk perception, behaviour and intervention uptake in a community characterised by high HIV prevalence and availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The survey was conducted in Khayelitsha, South Africa and involved two-stage sampling with self-weighting clusters and random selection of households within clusters. One man and woman between 14 and 49 years old was interviewed in each household; 696 men and 879 women were interviewed for a response rate of 84% and 92% respectively. Ninety-three percent and 94% were sexually active with median age of sexual debut 15.3 and 16.5 years. Eighty-three percent and 82% reported a partner at the time of interview and 29% and 8% had additional partner(s). Forty-one percent and 33% reported condom use during the last sexual encounter. Thirty-seven percent of men not using condoms did not as they believed their partner to be faithful, whilst 27% of women did not as their partner refused. Twenty-eight percent and 53% had been tested for HIV. Having undergone HIV testing was not associated with condom usage, whilst current relationship status was the strongest association with condom usage for both men and women. In spite of a relatively high uptake of condoms and testing as well as ART availability, the HIV epidemic has continued unabated in Khayelitsha. Even greater coverage of preventive interventions is required, together with a national social and political environment that builds on the availability of both preventive and treatment services.
Language: English
Keywords:
SOUTH AFRICA | RESEARCH REPORT | SURVEYS | HOUSEHOLDS | RESPONDENTS | HIV INFECTIONS | SEX BEHAVIOR | RISK BEHAVIOR | VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING | CONDOMS | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY | PERCEPTION | TREATMENT | Africa, Southern | Africa, Sub Saharan | Africa | Developing Countries | Sampling Studies | Studies | Research Methodology | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Behavior | HIV Testing | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Barrier Methods | Contraceptive Methods | Contraception | Family Planning | HIV | Psychological Factors
Document Number: 328927


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