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Title: Azerbaijan Demographic and Health Survey 2006.
Author: Azerbaijan. State Statistical Committee; Macro International. MEASURE DHS
Source: Baku, Azerbaijan, State Statistical Committee, 2008 May. [400] p. (USAID Contract No. GPO-C-00-03-00002-00)
Abstract: The Azerbaijan Demographic and Health Survey (AzDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 8,444 women age 15-49 and 2,558 men age 15-59. Following discussions with USAID and UNICEF regarding support for a new survey to obtain precise data on infant and child mortality, the 2006 Azerbaijan Demographic and Health Survey (AzDHS) was carried out from July to November 2006. The survey was implemented by the State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan with support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and UNICEF, with Macro International Inc. providing technical assistance, and participation by the Ministry of Health. The 2006 Azerbaijan Demographic and Health Survey provides recent estimates of infant and child mortality, and these estimates are about half those of the 2000 MICS and the 2001 RHSA. In addition to mortality data, the objectives of the 2006 AzDHS were to collect national- and regional-level data on fertility and contraceptive use, maternal and child health, adult health, and AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. The survey obtained detailed information on these topics from women of reproductive age and, for certain topics, from men as well. Data are presented by region when sample size permits. The survey findings provide estimates for a variety of demographic indicators. The 2006 AzDHS results are intended to provide the information needed to evaluate existing social programs and to design new strategies for improving the health of and health services for the people of Azerbaijan. (Excerpts)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | SUMMARY REPORT | DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEYS | HOUSEHOLDS | POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS | SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS | WATER SUPPLY | FERTILITY | FAMILY PLANNING | ABORTION | FERTILITY PREFERENCES | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | CHILD MORTALITY | INFANT MORTALITY | CHILD HEALTH | CHILD NUTRITION | HIV INFECTIONS | AIDS | KNOWLEDGE | ATTITUDES | WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT | DOMESTIC VIOLENCE | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Demographic Surveys | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Natural Resources | Environment | Fertility Control, Postconception | Health | Mortality | Nutrition | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Women's Status | Crime | Social Problems
Document Number: 331495 Notification

Peer Reviewed

Title: Supply and demand challenges to modern contraceptive use in Azerbaijan.
Author: Bradley J; Mursagulova N; Nosa M; Searing H
Source: European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care. 2007 Jun;12(2):175-183.
Abstract: We conducted a survey of health facilities and household members to determine supply and demand aspects of contraceptive use in Azerbaijan. In June 2005, we conducted interviews with 758 women and 253 men in a community-based survey in 40 communities in five districts. We also surveyed a sample of health facilities and pharmacies and conducted interviews with key informants. Both men and women in these communities desire small families, yet significant supply and demand impediments exist. Despite community interest, lack of knowledge of contraception is prevalent. Fear of side effects plays a role in non-use and discontinuation of modern methods, although little opportunity exists for counselling on side effects, since few health workers are trained. An obstacle to use is legislation that only allows contraception to be prescribed by gynaecologists, who are mostly concentrated in the hospitals of urban centres. However, the main handicap to increased use of modern contraception, is insufficient contraceptive supply. Not only is there a lack of method choice nationally, but few of the facilities we surveyed had any contraceptives available. This situation threatens to worsen as the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) retracts commodities' funding. The lack of knowledge of modern contraception, lack of trained staff and poor commodity availability signals that much remains to be done for the people of Azerbaijan to achieve their fertility control goals. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | RESEARCH REPORT | INTERVIEWS | CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE | CONTRACEPTION | FAMILY PLANNING | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | ABORTION | KNOWLEDGE | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Data Collection | Research Methodology | Contraceptive Usage | Health | Fertility Control, Postconception | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 313597 Notification

4.
Title: Assessing 13 years of collaboration, Caucasus partnership conference demonstrates AIHA's leading role in healthcare reform in the region.
Source: Connections. 2006 Feb;:[10] p.
Abstract: The countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia share not only the same geopolitical location but also many similar social and economic challenges. In healthcare, these challenges include cardiovascular diseases as the number one killer of the population, rising rates of TB, HIV/AIDS, and other infectious diseases, and high infant and maternal mortality. Therefore, AIHA's cross-cutting initiatives in the region have been specifically designed to develop meaningful solutions to these problems and address the healthcare reform priorities of the Caucasus nations. In the early 1990s, the first round of these initiatives focused on neonatal resuscitation, reproductive health, emergency medical services, infection control, nursing leadership, healthcare management, and information technology. By the end of that decade, as the success of these programs was recognized, new initiatives based on the primary care partnership model were created to further enhance health reforms in the region. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | GEORGIA | ARMENIA | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | EXPERIMENTAL MODELS | CLINICAL RESEARCH | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | DISEASE TRANSMISSION CONTROL | CAPACITY BUILDING | FOREIGN AID | GRANTS | PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration | Prevention and Control | Diseases | Financial Activities | Economic Factors
Document Number: 297241

Title: Reproductive health and services in Azerbaijan, 2005: results of a baseline survey in five districts.
Author: Bradley J; Mursagulova N
Source: New York, New York, EngenderHealth, ACQUIRE Project, 2006 Jul. [58] p. (ACQUIRE Evaluation and Research Studies E & R Study No. 6USAID Cooperative Agreement No. GPO-A-00-03-00006-00USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse DocID / Order No: PN-ADG-895)
Abstract: The ACQUIRE Project--which stands for Access, Quality, and Use in Reproductive Health--is a global Leader with Associate cooperative agreement funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) that works worldwide to advance and support reproductive health and family planning (RH/FP) services, with a focus on facility-based and clinical care. EngenderHealth is the lead partner of ACQUIRE overall. In October 2004, the USAID Caucasus Azerbaijan Mission awarded the ACQUIRE Project a five-year associate award in Azerbaijan. Currently, the ACQUIRE Project is the main implementer of RH/FP programming in the country, and unlike all previous programs, this project is designed with a broad mandate to implement RH/FP strategies that address policy change, contraceptive security, demand creation, and service expansion and quality improvement. The Project began in five core districts in 2005 (Aghsu, Goychay, Ismayilli, Kurdemir, and Shamakhi). Later that year, eight new districts (previously part of the Azerbaijan Reproductive Health Initiative) were incorporated into the program. Another 5-10 districts, previously not covered by any FP program, will be included during the third year of the project. The criteria used for identification of the first five districts included: large population size; good mix of rural cities and rural areas; high abortion rate; low modern contraceptive prevalence rate; high fertility rate among women 15-19 years old; high unmet need for FP; expressed support from district administrative and health authorities; the presence of a Family Planning Centre at a Central District Hospital (CDH); administrative feasibility; and the presence of international and local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the district. The first five districts selected are contiguous and are located in the center of the country. Together, they have a population of almost half a million people, almost one-third of whom live in the five main urban centers and the rest of whom live in a total of 257 small villages in rural areas. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | SUMMARY REPORT | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY | PROVIDERS WITH CLIENTS | FAMILY PLANNING | PUBLIC SECTOR | KNOWLEDGE | CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS | PRESCRIPTIONS | REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | PHARMACY DISTRIBUTION | NEEDS ASSESSMENT | DECISION MAKING | PROGRAM ACCESSIBILITY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Contraception | Distributional Activities | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Nonclinical Distribution | Evaluation | Behavior | Program Evaluation
Document Number: 312715

6.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Genetic forms of HIV type 1 in the former Soviet Union dominate the epidemic in Azerbaijan.
Author: Saad MD; Aliev Q; Botros BA; Carr JK; Gomatos PJ
Source: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 2006 Aug;22(8):796-800.
Abstract: A total of 125 strains collected in Azerbaijan between 1999 and 2002 from HIV seropositives were genetically classified. Of 84 strains classified using HMA, 91.6% were subtype A, 1.2% subtype B, and 7.1% untypeable. Of 41 strains analyzed using partial pol gene sequences, 90.2% were subtype A, 7.3% subtype B, and 2.4% CRF03_AB. Most sequenced A strains clustered with those circulating in countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU). Two of three sequenced B strains were from individuals who traveled to FSU clustering tightly with B strains from Nikolayev, Ukraine. CRF03_AB, characteristic of the 1996 epidemic in Kaliningrad, Russia, was sequenced from an individual who lived in Russia from 1995 until 2001. The HIV epidemic in Azerbaijan is concentrated in IDU and is closely connected to other such epidemics to the east based on genetics. Of the 41 sequenced strains, 95% were close genetic relatives of HIV strains in IDU networks in the FSU. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | UKRAINE | RUSSIA | RESEARCH REPORT | GENETIC TECHNIQUES | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | IV DRUG USERS | EPIDEMICS | GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS | HIV INFECTIONS | HIV TESTING | EPIDEMIOLOGY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Europe, Eastern | Europe | Asia, Northern | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Persons Living With HIV/AIDS | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Drug Use and Abuse | Behavior | Population | Public Health
Document Number: 310166

8.
Title: Baku / Portland partnership lauded for its accomplishments in addressing health problems of refugees.
Source: Connections. 2005 Jul;:[3] p..
Abstract: The Narimanov District of Azerbaijan's capital city of Baku is a densely populated area where more than 170,000 people--including 26,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees--live. Having lost their homes and means of subsistence to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, most of these refugees and IDPs reside in rehabilitation camps or dormitories in very poor, overcrowded conditions that make comprehensive social and healthcare services all too critical. Against this backdrop, AIHA's Baku/Portland partnership established in 2004 a primary healthcare center at Narimanov District Polyclinic No. 4 to provide much-needed care and support to these vulnerable populations. Center Director Saida Nasibova and her staff recently had the opportunity to showcase the clinic's work for a group of American dignitaries, including M. Diane Bodman, wife of US Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman; Leslie Harnish, wife of US Ambassador to Azerbaijan Reno L. Harnish III; and James Goggin, country representative for the US Agency for International Development (USAID) who visited the facility on May 25. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | REFUGEES | ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL | REFUGEE CAMPS | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES | HOTLINES | HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Developed Countries | North America | Americas | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Organization and Administration | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Information | Management
Document Number: 297223

10.

Title: HIV and AIDS in the Caucasus region: a socio-cultural approach.
Author: Buckley C; Papoyan A; Arakelyan A; Bakshinyan E; Ismailova L
Source: Paris, France, UNESCO, Division of Cultural Policies and Intercultural Dialogue, Culture and Development Section, 2005. 85 p. (CLT/CPD/CAD-05/4A)
Abstract: Placing the HIV- and AIDS-related experiences of the countries of the southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) into social and cultural perspective is uniquely important. Within these three 'second wave' countries of the former Soviet Union, alarming claims that 'drug-driven epidemics are spiralling out of control' run counter to the relatively low number of individuals officially identified as HIV positive. The proportionate increase in the number of individuals affected has been substantial each year since the late 1990s, yet HIV and AIDS remain poorly documented, misunderstood, and highly stigmatised in the region. Analyses of the social and cultural factors influencing the ability of these countries to determine national strategies, implement effective prevention programmes, and develop better monitoring systems can assist in rectifying the differences between dire future predictions and the current modest prevalence rates. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
ARMENIA | AZERBAIJAN | GEORGIA | PROGRESS REPORT | AIDS PREVENTION | HIV PREVENTION | UNESCO | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | CULTURE | BEHAVIOR | PREVALENCE | STIGMA | RELIGIOUS ASPECTS | MIGRATION | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | UN | International Agencies | Organizations | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Measurement | Research Methodology | Social Problems | Religion | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population
Document Number: 297794

11.
Title: A sharp increase in sex ratio at birth in the Caucasus. Why? How?
Author: Mesle F; Vallin J; Badurashvili I
Source: [Unpublished] 2005. Presented at the CEPED-CICRED-INED Seminar on Female Deficit in Asia: Trends and Perspectives, Singapore, December 5-7, 2005. 16 p.
Abstract: From the mid-1990's, sex ratio at birth in the three countries of the Caucasus abruptly increased to levels that had so far only been observed in certain regions of India and China where families have a very marked preference for male children. Whereas, up to 1995, sex ratio at birth seemed to be fixed at a level very close to the universal level of 105 males per 100 females, it was actually 115 in Azerbaijan, 118 in Georgia, and as high as 120 in Armenia and the phenomenon is all the more striking as it occurred simultaneously in all three countries, in clear contrast to the neighbouring countries. This occurred at the end of the Communist era in these countries, with all the political, social, and administrative changes involved in this transition phase. One can obviously start by questioning the reality of the phenomenon in a context where the bureaucratic and statistical instruments of the Soviet period are partially ruined and in the process of being reconstructed. However, this hypothesis cannot withstand a critical examination of the data: the phenomenon is real. We will therefore attempt to discuss why and how. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
GEORGIA | AZERBAIJAN | ARMENIA | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA ANALYSIS | INFANT | SEX RATIO | SEX DETERMINATION | ABORTION | SEX PREFERENCE | SONS | BIRTH ORDER | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Sex Distribution | Sex Factors | Genetic Techniques | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Medical Procedures | Medicine | Health Services | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Fertility Control, Postconception | Family Planning | Value Orientation | Psychological Factors | Behavior | Family Relationships | Family Characteristics | Family and Household | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 314757 Notification

12.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Strategies for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in a resource-poor setting.
Author: Posner SF; Kerimova J; Aliyeva F; Duerr A
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS. 2005;16:52-55.
Abstract: This study evaluated Amsel�s criteria, the FemExam card and pH plus amine methods for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in a resource-poor setting. Two hundred Azerbaijani women participated in a study about reproductive health that included a gynaecological examination and an interviewer-administered survey. Using the WHO syndromic diagnosis algorithm, nearly all women (99%) had abnormal vaginal discharge. The prevalence of BV by Gram stain was 35%; using pH plus amine, the FemExam card and Amsel�s criteria, prevalence ranged from 29% to 49%. No behavioural or demographic characteristics were associated with BV as diagnosed by Gram stain. The sensitivity ranged from 0.59 to 0.74 and specificity from 0.65 to 0.92 using the three methods. The pH plus amine test is better than syndromic management protocols, and although it is not the most sensitive or specific of the three methods it will be easiest to implement in resource-poor settings. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | RESEARCH REPORT | EVALUATION | CLIENTS | WOMEN | LOW INCOME POPULATION | EXAMINATIONS AND DIAGNOSES | VAGINOSIS | BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL DISEASES | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Program Activities | Programs | Organization and Administration | Demographic Factors | Population | Social Class | Socioeconomic Status | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Vaginal Abnormalities | Diseases | Infections
Document Number: 280531

13.
Title: USAID / Caucasus / Azerbaijan primary health care assessment, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Author: Rogosch J; Fielding F; Pavin M; Shamilova N
Source: Baku, Azerbaijan, United States Agency for International Development [USAID], 2005 Jan. 30 p. (USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse DocID / Order No. PN-ADC-991)
Abstract: The health status of Azeri citizens has declined dramatically since independence from the Soviet Union. Survey data indicate that the infant and under five mortality rates have increased to 81 and 92 per 1000 live births, respectively, the highest rates in the E&E region. The leading causes of death in children are acute lower respiratory infections (particularly pneumonia), diarrhea, and neonatal conditions. Malnutrition is widespread with a reported 13 percent of children stunted (low height for age) and 2.4 percent wasted (low weight for age). Anemia in women (40%) and children (32%) is substantial, the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders is as high as 50-60%, and vitamin A deficiency was found in over 80 percent of children. Fertility is low, but only 12% of couples use modern family planning methods, and abortion remains the major fertility control method. The health of adults has also suffered, and life expectancy has decreased. The leading causes of mortality among adults in Azerbaijan are cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, and injuries, and these are increasing. A significant portion of the non-communicable disease burden is related to sedentary life styles, obesity, and cigarette and alcohol consumption. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2003 World Development Report, life expectancy is 65.8 years, 63 for males and 68.6 for females. The nearly six year lower life expectancy for males indicates serious issues related to their lifestyles, their burden of non-communicable diseases, and poor quality of health care. These issues have an important impact on economic growth and the future productivity of the workforce, as well as on the increased burden of health care financing. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | SUMMARY REPORT | TESTING | PRIMARY HEALTH CARE | DISEASES | QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE | HEALTH SERVICES | PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Measurement | Research Methodology | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Health Services Evaluation | Program Evaluation | Programs | Organization and Administration | Management
Document Number: 289748

14.
Title: Baku / Houston Conference demonstrates effectiveness of model.
Source: Connections. 2004 Aug;:[3] p..
Abstract: The conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh between Armenia and Azerbaijan begun in the early 1990s has caused many peaceful inhabitants of this region to save their lives by abandoning their homes and seeking refuge in neighboring territories. As a result, approximately one million refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) currently reside within Azerbaijan. The majority of these refugees are women and children living below the poverty line. At a partnership dissemination conference devoted to women's health issues that took place under the aegis of the Baku/Houston partnership in the capital of Azerbaijan on June 8, 2004, partners were given an opportunity to share achievements related to the improvement of reproductive health among vulnerable populations and to tell medical specialists from the country's rural areas about the technologies and methods used to implement programs developed over the course of their five-year collaboration. Officials from USAID and the Azeri Ministry of Health, as well as representatives from international and local non-governmental organizations, also attended the event. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | ARMENIA | CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES | EXPERIMENTAL MODELS | INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS | REFUGEES | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | CHILDREN | HEALTH PERSONNEL | REFUGEE CAMPS | HEALTH SERVICES | SETTLEMENT AND RESETTLEMENT | WOMEN'S HEALTH | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Migrants | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors
Document Number: 297197

15.
Title: Baku workshop offers new approaches for addressing the health problems of refugees and the local population.
Source: Connections. 2004 Jun;:[2] p..
Abstract: A three-day workshop held on Clinical Epidemiology and the Essentials of Evidence-based Medicine was conducted in Baku under the auspices of the AIHA Baku/Richmond partnership on March 30-April 1, 2004. Designed to improve the clinical data collection system in Baku's Binagadi District--the area of Azerbaijan's capital with the largest concentration of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs)--and strengthen its epidemiology services, the workshop gathered some 12 healthcare professionals, including epidemiology surveillance specialists from Binagadi, staff of the Information and Statistics Department at the Azerbaijan Ministry of Health, key members of the Baku/Portland partnership, and information coordinators from AIHA's three graduating partnerships to develop a comprehensive understanding of clinical epidemiology. The training was hosted by two US specialists from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). Tilahun Adera, chairman of Preventive Medicine and Community Health in the School of Medicine, and Robert Johnson, associate professor in the Department of Biostatistics, introduced basic epidemiological concepts and principles, including data sources research and analysis of outbreaks and their causes. The workshop also included a comprehensive discussion of evidence-based medicine (EBM). (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | PROGRESS REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | DATA COLLECTION | CLASSIFICATION | REFUGEES | HEALTH PERSONNEL | WORKSHOPS | EPIDEMIOLOGY | TRAINING PROGRAMS | PRIMARY HEALTH CARE | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Education | Public Health | Health Services
Document Number: 297193

16.
Title: Leaders from Azerbaijan and Georgia learn about effective HIV prevention programs.
Source: Connections. 2004 Oct;:[3] p..
Abstract: The criteria that determine if an individual is at higher risk of contracting HIV has recently come under debate throughout much of the former Soviet Union. Previously, HIV/AIDS was considered to be almost wholly the lot of injecting drug users (IDUs) and those who receive money for sex. Today, however, that limited picture is rapidly changing as increasing numbers of people from mainstream society have begun to join the ranks of those living with the virus. While IDUs remain the main engine driving the infection's spread throughout this region of the world, heterosexual transmission is steadily growing and now accounts for between 20 and 50 percent of all new cases. WHO data show that among Eurasian countries, Ukraine and Russia have the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rates. According to international experts, one percent of the adult population in both these nations is infected. The overwhelming majority of those carrying the virus are people of reproductive age, including many women who still want to have a family and children of their own. At present, statistics indicate that the greatest number of children born to HIV-infected mothers live in Ukraine, which is the country where two-thirds of all the infants born to HIV-positive women in Eastern Europe and Central Asia live. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | GEORGIA | PROGRESS REPORT | EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS | PERSONS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS | WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT | PREGNANT WOMEN | HIV PREVENTION | RISK BEHAVIOR | PREVALENCE | MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Persons Living With HIV/AIDS | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Economic Development | Economic Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Measurement | Transmission | Infections
Document Number: 297203

17.

Title: Microcredit -- an "oxygen infusion for a better life."
Author: Kvernr�d M
Source: Forced Migration Review. 2004 May;(20):8-9.
Abstract: Azerbaijan is home to 575,000 IDPs who left Nagorny Karabakh and surrounding districts in the early 1990s. According to the UN and World Bank, 70% live below the income poverty line (US$24 per person per month). Azerbaijan�s new oil and gas wealth has not removed the need for creating viable livelihoods for a population with no immediate prospects of return to Armenian-held Nagorny Karabakh. NRC�s programme � which since 2002 has been implemented by our subsidiary, Normicro Ltd � has been very successful. Repayment rates have been exceptionally high and there are today 3,500 clients. Family businesses enabled by the programme provide employment to over 7,000 people. Normicro is one of ten local organisations fostered by international agencies engaged in creating economic opportunities both for IDPs and poor Azerbaijanis. These serve close to 20,000 clients and have enabled around 40,000 job places. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
NORWAY | AZERBAIJAN | ARMENIA | PROGRESS REPORT | EVALUATION | INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS | MICROECONOMIC FACTORS | FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES | FOREIGN AID | POVERTY | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE | INVESTMENTS | Developed Countries | Europe, Northern | Europe | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Settlement and Resettlement | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Economic Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Programs | Organization and Administration
Document Number: 273946

18.

Peer Reviewed

Title: Genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Azerbaijan.
Author: Leclerc MC; Menegon M; Cligny A; Noyer JL; Mammadov S
Source: Malaria Journal. 2004 Nov 9;3(40):[10] p..
Abstract: Plasmodium vivax, although causing a less serious disease than Plasmodium falciparum, is the most widespread of the four human malarial species. Further to the recent recrudescence of P. vivax cases in the Newly Independent States (NIS) of central Asia, a survey on the genetic diversity and dissemination in Azerbaijan was undertaken. Azerbaijan is at the crossroads of Asia and, as such, could see a rise in the number of cases, although an effective malaria control programme has been established in the country. Thirty-six P. vivax isolates from Central Azerbaijan were characterized by analysing the genetic polymorphism of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) and the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) genes, using PCR amplifications and amplicons sequencing. Analysis of CSP sequences showed that all the processed isolates belong to the VK 210 type, with variations in the alternation of alanine residue (A) or aspartic acid residue (D) in the repeat motif GDRA(A/D)GQPA along the sequence. As far as MSP-1 genotyping is concerned, it was found that the majority of isolates analysed belong to Belem and Sal I types. Five recombinant isolates were also identified. Combined analysis with the two genetic markers allowed the identification of 19 plasmodial sub-types. The results obtained in the present study indicate that there are several P. vivax clones circulating in Azerbaijan and, consequently, a careful malaria surveillance could be of paramount importance to identify, at early stage, the occurrence of possible P. vivax malaria outbreaks. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | RESEARCH REPORT | GENETIC TECHNIQUES | POPULATION AT RISK | MALARIA | PARASITES | GENETICS | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses | Examinations and Diagnoses | Research Methodology | Parasitic Diseases | Diseases | Biology
Document Number: 278652

19.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Malaria from the gap: need for cross-sector co-operation in Azerbaijan.
Author: Temel T
Source: Acta Tropica. 2004;89:249-259.
Abstract: This study explores the agricultural, environmental, and institutional determinants of malaria in Azerbaijan in 1999 and discusses ways to avoid its future outbreaks. Regression analysis and geographical maps are used to identify important policy variables for designing and implementing malaria control strategies. Results show that irrigation water use and soil salinity are significantly associated with malaria incidence, warranting further research to better understand the exact linkage mechanisms between agriculture and malaria. This also points out that there is scope for co-operation of agricultural, environmental and health organisations to reduce the spread of malaria. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | RESEARCH REPORT | STATISTICAL REGRESSION | RURAL POPULATION | ENVIRONMENT | AGRICULTURE | MALARIA | INCIDENCE | IRRIGATION | SOIL DEGRADATION | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Data Analysis | Research Methodology | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Parasitic Diseases | Diseases | Measurement | Environmental Degradation
Document Number: 286089

20.

Title: A UNIFEM initiative: Women for Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding in the Southern Caucasus. UNIFEM Armenia initiative: bringing women to the peacebuilding table.
Author: United Nations Development Programme [UNDP]; United Nations Development Fund for Women [UNIFEM]
Source: New York, New York, UNDP, [2003]. 5 p.
Abstract: Women for Conflict Prevention and Peace Building in the Southern Caucasus has five core objectives: Mobilizing and building the capacity of women and civil society to contribute to peace and prevent conflict. Strengthening the capacity of local NGOs to assist refugees and internally displaced persons. Building a popular culture of peace through public education Campaigns. Developing and strengthening mechanisms for dialogue between parties in actual or potential conflict. Encouraging change in current attitudes, rules of law and norms of diplomacy and international cooperation. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
ARMENIA | AZERBAIJAN | GEORGIA | SUMMARY REPORT | PILOT PROJECTS | WOMEN | VIOLENCE | ADVOCACY | INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION | EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES | PREVENTION AND CONTROL | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Studies | Research Methodology | Demographic Factors | Population | Behavior | Communication | Education | Diseases
Document Number: 182372

21.

Title: Conditions dire at Azeri Refugee Camp. Poor housing and unsanitary conditions leave refugees vulnerable to disease and natural disasters.
Author: Amirova L
Source: London, England, Institute for War and Peace Reporting [IWPR], 2003 Jul 25. 4 p. (Caucasus Reporting Service No. 188)
Abstract: The camp at Barda is situated in the very centre of the country, and officially houses 55,000 Azerbaijanis displaced by the 1991-94 war over Nagorny Karabakh, which the Armenians won. The real number is much smaller, as many people leave as soon as they can fix up better accommodation in Baku and other towns. Azerbaijan has some 750,000 refugees and displaced people left over from the conflict with the Armenians. Barda is one of five bigger camps among the many that are dotted across the country. Here, they live in mud huts, which isn�t so bad considering that elsewhere people have to make do with tents, dugouts or disused railway carriages. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | REFUGEES | REFUGEE CAMPS | POVERTY | QUALITY OF LIFE | ECONOMIC CONDITIONS | UNEMPLOYMENT | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Social Welfare | Macroeconomic Factors | Employment
Document Number: 182449

22.

Title: Assessment of the American International Health Alliance (AIHA) program in Azerbaijan.
Author: Becker G; Chikovani I
Source: Arlington, Virginia, Development Associates, 2003 Dec. [40] p. (USAID Evaluation IQC No. AEP-I-00-00-00023-00)
Abstract: Greg Becker and Ivdity Chikovani conducted an assessment of the AIHA/Azerbaijan partnership program during the period of September 22 to October 22, 2003. In-country field work was conducted between October 6 and 18, 2003. The Evaluators examined the three primary partnerships of Baku-Houston, Baku-Portland, and Baku-Richmond to determine the general accomplishments, constraints, and shortcomings of the efforts, and to offer advice on possible future USAID participation in partnership activities in Azerbaijan. The evaluation of AIHA�s activities in Azerbaijan was conducted using qualitative research methods of structured interviews, focus groups, document review, and observation. Limited quantitative analysis was conducted using secondary source information such as health facility records, GoA statistical information, and data from bilateral and multilateral donors and organizations. The state of health information in Azerbaijan appears to be more problematic than the norm for countries of the NIS. Much data is inaccurate prima facie, and contradictions between data sources are common. This has made quantification of the impact of the AIHA Partnerships difficult. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | EVALUATION REPORT | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH | NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE | PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE | ECONOMIC FACTORS | HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION | CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS | MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Evaluation | Research Methodology | Organizations | Health | Health Services | Management | Organization and Administration | Physiology | Biology | Primary Health Care
Document Number: 278709

23.
Peer Reviewed

Title: High prevalence of self-reported forced sexual intercourse among internally displaced women in Azerbaijan.
Author: Kerimova J; Posner SF; Brown YT; Hillis S; Meikle S
Source: American Journal of Public Health. 2003 Jul;93(71):1067-1070.
Abstract: Previous reports have shown that forced sexual intercourse and other forms of gender-based violence are a persistent public health problem for refugee or internally displaced women. (Internal displacement is defined as forced relocation within a person�s country of citizenship because of some catastrophic event.) In some settings, the proportion of refugee or internally displaced women reporting some type of gender-based violence exceeds 60%. Sexual violence against refugee or internally displaced women can cause women to flee their homelands. Unfortunately, these women are not always safe from harm after their relocation or after resettlement. Investigation of sexual violence affecting these women, its incidence, prevalence, and correlates is critical to the development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | RESEARCH REPORT | DATA ANALYSIS | HEALTH SURVEYS | ADULTS | WOMEN | REFUGEES | ETHNIC GROUPS | SEXUAL INTERCOURSE | RAPE | PHYSICAL ABUSE | VIOLENCE | SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Research Methodology | Health | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Cultural Background | Reproduction | Crime | Social Problems | Behavior | Reproductive Tract Infections | Infections | Diseases
Document Number: 181800

24.

Title: Gender and social entrepreneurship in societies in transition: the case of Azerbaijan.
Author: Najafizadeh M
Source: Journal of Third World Studies. 2003 Fall;20(2):[17] p..
Abstract: In this article, we examine sociopolitical and ideological change and the social construction of women's private and public roles in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Situated geographically with Russia and Georgia to the north, Armenia and Turkey to the West, Iran to the south, and the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan to the east, Azerbaijan is at the sociopolitical and cultural crossroads of Russia, the Middle East, and Central Asia. Cyrus the Great of Persia occupied Azerbaijan in the sixth century B.C., followed by Alexander the Great, the Roman legions under Pompey, the Persians and the Ottomans, and finally by the Russians in the 1800s. Indeed, Azerbaijan's history is colored by the dynamics of politics, power, ideology, and gender. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | SUMMARY REPORT | EMPLOYMENT | OCCUPATIONAL STATUS | FEMALE ROLE | SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS | SOCIAL CHANGE | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Employment Status | Socioeconomic Status | Social Behavior | Behavior
Document Number: 293239

26.
Peer Reviewed

Title: Clinical efficacy of chloroquine followed by primaquine for Plasmodium vivax treatment in Azerbaijan.
Author: Valibayov A; Abdullayev F; Mammadov S; Gasimov E; Sabatinelli G
Source: Acta Tropica. 2003;88:99-102.
Abstract: Efficacy of chloroquine followed by primaquine has been monitored in 153 patients in seven districts of Azerbaijan. Chloroquine is fully effective over the first 14 days and the combination of chloroquine and primaquine is 100% effective over 28 days. (author's)
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | RESEARCH REPORT | CLINICAL RESEARCH | TARGET POPULATION | MALARIA | DRUGS | ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE | DRUG RESISTANCE | MONITORING | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Research Methodology | Program Design | Programs | Organization and Administration | Parasitic Diseases | Diseases | Treatment | Evaluation
Document Number: 286073

27.

Title: Azerbaijan's painful births.
Author: Bairamova L; Mamedov Z
Source: London, England, Institute for War and Peace Reporting, 2002 Apr 25. 3 p. (CRS No. 126)
Abstract: According to Azerbaijan's census, 108,310 children were born in the country in 1999, fuelling a rapid rise in the country's young population. However, according to the UN Development Programme, the country's infant mortality rate was an alarming 35 cases/1000 births. The country's refugees and internally displaced persons that are housed in camps and hostels are especially vulnerable to maternal health problems. The health ministry says that all refugee parents have exactly the same rights as other Azerbaijanis and are also entitled to use the medical centers in camps. However, poor medical standards, pervasive corruption and growing demand for services has thrown the country's maternity care sector into crisis and contributed to its unusually high infant mortality rate. Hence, giving birth in Azerbaijan's maternity homes can be a risky and expensive business.
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | REFUGEES | CHILD MORTALITY | CHILDBIRTH | MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES | DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE | HEALTH PERSONNEL | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Demographic Factors | Population | Mortality | Pregnancy Outcomes | Pregnancy | Reproduction | Maternal-Child Health Services | Primary Health Care | Health Services | Health
Document Number: 166940

28.

Title: Azerbaijan : street kids get high to escape miseries. [Azerba�djan : les enfants de la rue se droguent pour �chapper � la mis�re]
Author: Bairamova L
Source: London, England, Institute for War and Peace Reporting, 2002 May 23. 3 p. (Caucasus Reporting Service No. 130)
Abstract: This news article reports that hundreds of Baku's homeless children resort to substance abuse to escape from the harsh realities of their lives. The age of street children sniffing glue ranges from 8-18, many of whom have run away from the families in one of the regions of Azerbaijan.
French Abstract: Cet article journalistique rapporte que des centaines d'enfants sans-abri de Baku ont recours � l'abus de substances pour s'�chapper aux r�alit�s s�v�res de leur vie. L'�ge des enfants de la rue qui reniflent la colle varie de 8 � 18 ans, dont beaucoup ont fui leurs familles dans l'une des r�gions de l'Azerba�djan.
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | STREET KIDS | HOMELESS PERSONS | SUBSTANCE ADDICTION | POVERTY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Residence Characteristics | Population Distribution | Geographic Factors | Population | Social Problems | Socioeconomic Factors | Economic Factors
Document Number: 168263

29.

Title: Karabakh: farmers in survival struggle.
Author: Beglarian A
Source: London, England, Institute for War and Peace Reporting [IWPR], 2002 Jul 12. 3 p. (Caucasus Reporting Service No. 137)
Abstract: This news article summarizes the problems faced by farmers due to weather and war, and overviews the existing agricultural condition in Nagorny Karabakh, Azerbaijan. In response to the problem, it also mentions the proposed joint scheme of local authorities to provide irrigation and to fight against rodents.
Language: English
Keywords:
AZERBAIJAN | AGRICULTURE | AGRICULTURAL WORKERS | POVERTY | Developing Countries | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Macroeconomic Factors | Economic Factors | Labor Force | Human Resources | Socioeconomic Factors
Document Number: 169432

30.
Title: Children in exile.
Author: Ildirimzade N
Source: CommonHealth. 2002 Summer;:51-53.
Abstract: Because of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan the military conflict between Armenia and over Nagorno-Karabakh, in the early 1990s, became flooded with refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) expelled from Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh itself, and seven areas surrounding the region. Some one million Azeris were left homeless, about one-third of them children. A total of 250,000 refugees and IDPs found shelter in Baku, the capital of the country, of whom 32,000 live in the Binagadi District. Since 2000, AIHA's Baku/Richmond partnership has worked to improve the primary medical care offered to this population in the Binagadi District, with its priority being the provision of aid to IDP/refugee children. In addition, we have begun to work in the Sabirabad region of the country, which is home to many IDP settlements. To understand the range of health problems that afflict these children, one needs to understand their specific situation and living conditions. (excerpt)
Language: English
Keywords:
ARMENIA | AZERBAIJAN | CRITIQUE | CHILDREN | REFUGEES | INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS | HEALTH PERSONNEL | WAR | PRIMARY HEALTH CARE | SETTLEMENT AND RESETTLEMENT | PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS | Asia, Southwestern | Asia | Developing Countries | Youth | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | Migrants | Migration | Population Dynamics | Delivery of Health Care | Health | Political Factors | Sociocultural Factors | Health Services | Behavior
Document Number: 285154


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